Boyd's Bible Dictionary: Z

(changing). The plain, or rather the oak, where Heber the Kenite was encamped when Sisera sought refuge in his tent (Judg. 4:11,17-22). It is mentioned as near Kedesh.

Zaanan

(flocking place). Named by Micah, a place in the lowlands of Judah (Mic. 1:11).

Zaanannim

A border place of Naphtali, near Kedesh, and supposed to be same as Zaanaim (Josh. 19:33).

Zaavan

(disturbed). Son of Ezer and descendant of Seir the Horite (Gen. 36:27). Zavan (1 Chron. 1:42).

Zabad

(gift). (1) A son of Nathan (1 Chron. 2:36-37), and one of David’s mighty men (1 Chron. 11:41). (2) An Ephraimite whom the Gathites slew while on, a thieving expedition (1 Chron. 7:21). (3) Son of Shimeath, an Ammonitess, and one of the murderers of King Joash (2 Chron. 24:25-26). Jozachar (2 Kings 12:21). (4) Three returned captives (Ezra 10:27,33,43).

Zabbai

(limpid). (1) One who had taken a foreign wife (Ezra 10:28). (2) Father of Baruch, one of the repairers of the walls of Jerusalem (Neh. 3:20).

Zabbud

(given). One who returned from captivity with Ezra (Ezra 8:14).

Zabdi

(gift). (1) Son of Zerah of the tribe of Judah, and ancestor of Achan, who concealed the spoils of Jericho (Josh. 7:1,17-18). (2) One of the sons of Shimhi, a Benjamite (1 Chron. 8:19). (3) An officer who had the care of King David’s wine cellars (1 Chron. 27:27). (4) Son of Asaph the minstrel, and leader of thanksgiving in prayer (Neh. 11:17). Zaccur (Neh. 12:35). Zichri (1 Chron. 9:15).

Zabdiel

(gift of God). (1) Father of Jashobeam, captain of first course for the first month of David’s guard (1 Chron. 27:2). (2) Overseer of a returned troop of captives (Neh. 11:14).

Zabud

(given). Son of Nathan, a friend of Solomon and his principal officer (1 Kings 4:5).

Zabulon

Greek form of Zebulun (Matt. 4:13; Rev. 7:8).

Zaccai

(pure). His descendants, 760 in number, returned with Zerubbabel (Ezra 2:9; Neh. 7:14).

Zacchaeus

(just). The rich chief among publicans, resident at Jericho, who climbed a tree to see Jesus pass, was invited down, became the host of Jesus, and was converted (Luke 19:1-10).

Zacchur

(mindful). A Simeonite of the family of Mishma (1 Chron. 4:26).

Zaccur

(mindful). (1) Father of Shammua, the spy sent out by the tribe of Reuben (Num. 13:4). (2) A Merarite Levite (1 Chron. 24:27). (3) A son of Asaph the minstrel, and leader of the third musical course (1 Chron. 25:2,10; Neh. 12:35). (4) One who assisted in rebuilding the walls of Jerusalem (Neh. 3:2). (5) One who signed the covenant with Nehemiah (Neh. 10:12). (6) Father of Hanan, whom Nehemiah made one of his treasurers (Neh. 13:13).

Zachariah

(remembered by Jehovah). In better Hebrew, Zechariah. (1) Son of Jeroboam II., and his successor on the throne of Israel (2 Kings 14:29); B. C. 773-72. He reigned only six months (2 Kings 15:8-11). (2) Father of Abi, mother of Hezekiah king of Judah (2 Kings 18:2). Written Zechariah (2 Chron. 29:1).

Zacharias

(remembered by Jehovah). Greek form of Zechariah (1) Father of John the Baptist and husband of Elizabeth. He was a priest of the course of Abia, or Abijah (1 Chron. 24:10), and probably lived at Hebron (Luke 1:5-25,57-80). (2) Son of Barachias, who was slain between the temple and the altar (Matt. 23:35; Luke 11:51).

Zacher

(testimony). A Benjamite, one of the sons of Jehiel by Maachah (1 Chron. 8:29,31).

Zadok

(just). (1) Son of Ahitub, of the line of Eleazar. He was one of the high priests in the time of David, the other being Abiathar (2 Sam. 8:17). He joined David at Hebron, as a chieftain of his father’s house (1 Chron. 12:28), remained faithful to him and subsequently anointed Solomon (1 Kings 1:39). (2) A priest in the reign of King Ahaziah (1 Chron. 6:12). (3) Father of Jerusha, wife of Uzziah and mother of Jotham king of Judah (2 Kings 15:33). (4) Son of Baana, who helped Nehemiah to repair the walls of Jerusalem (Neh. 3:4). (5) Another assistant wall-builder (Neh. 3:29). (6) A co-covenanter with Nehemiah (Neh. 10:21). (7) A scribe and treasurer under Nehemiah (Neh. 13:13).

Zaham

(hateful). A son of King Rehoboam by his wife Abihail (2 Chron. 11:19).

Zair

(little). A vague spot or place, where King Joram overcame the Edomites (2 Kings 8:21).

Zalaph

(hurt). Father of Hanun who helped to repair the walls of Jerusalem (Neh. 3:30).

Zalmon

(shade). (1) The Ahohite who was one of David’s guard (2 Sam. 23:28). Ilai (1 Chron. 11:29). (2) A wooded eminence near Shechem (Judg. 9:47-49).

Zalmonah

(shady). A desert encampment of the wandering Israelites (Num. 33:41-42).

Zalmunna

(shadow). One of two kings of Midian captured and slain by Gideon (Judg. 8:5-21; Psa. 83:11).

Zamzummims

An Ammonite name for a race of Rephaim or giants (Deut. 2:20).

Zanoah

(swamp). (1) A town in the lowlands of Judah, ten miles southwest of Jerusalem (Josh. 15:34; 1 Chron. 4:18). Its inhabitants helped Nehemiah to repair the walls of Jerusalem (Neh. 3:13; 11:30). (2) Another town of Judah in the mountains, about ten miles southwest of Hebron (Josh. 15:56).

Zaphnath-paaneah

(revealer of secrets). A name given by the Pharaoh to Joseph upon his promotion to a high place in the royal service (Gen. 41:45).

Zaphon

(north). An unidentified place in Gad (Josh. 13:27).

Zara

(dawn). Zarah, a son of Judah, in genealogy of Christ (Matt. 1:3).

Zarah

(dawn). A son of Judah by Tamar (Gen. 38:30; 46:12). Called Zerah (Num. 26:20), and founder of the family of Zarhites; also Zerah (Josh. 7:1,18; 22:20; 1 Chron. 2:4,6; 9:6; Neh. 11:24). Zara (Matt. 1:3).

Zareah

(hornet). (Neh. 11:29). [ZORAH, Z0REAH.]

Zareathites

Dwellers in Zareah or Zorah (1 Chron. 2:51).

Zared

(Num. 21:12). [ZERED.]

Zarephath

(smelting prince). The Sarepta of Luke 4:26. A town in Phoenicia on the Mediterranean coast between Tyre and Sidon, and about seven miles from the latter. Residence of the prophet Elijah during the great drought (1 Kings 17:8-24).

Zaretan

(Josh. 3:16). [ZARTHAN, 2.]

Zareth-shahar

(beauty of dawn). A town in Reuben (Josh. 13:19).

Zarhites

A branch of the tribe of Judah descended from Zerah the son of Judah (Num. 26:13,20; Josh. 7:17; 1 Chron. 27:11,13).

Zartanah

(cooling). A place usually identified with Zarthan (1 Kings 4:12).

Zarthan

(cooling). (1) A town in the Jordan valley. Between it and Succoth was the clay-ground in which Solomon cast the utensils for the temple service. Now the mound called Tell-sa-rem (1 Kings 7:46). (2) The same place is doubtless meant by Zaretan (Josh. 3:16), and by Zererath (Judg. 7:22). (3) Supposedly another name for the Zartanah of 1 Kings 4:12. (4) Doubtless Zarthan (1) is meant by the Zeredathah of 2 Chron. 4:17.

Zatthu

(branch). One who sealed the covenant with Nehemiah (Neh. 10:14).

Zattu

(branch). The children of Zattu returned from the captivity (Ezra 2:8; 10:27; Neh. 7:13).

Zavan

(1 Chron. 1:42). [ZAAVAN.]

Zaza

(for all). A son of Jonathan, and descendant of Judah (1 Chron. 2:33).

Zealots

(zealous). Name of a fanatical Jewish party, strongest from A. D. 6 to 70. It was political, having for its aim the overthrow of Roman authority; and religious, seeking a Jewish theocracy over the whole earth. In Acts 5:37 it seems to have been headed by one Judas of Galilee.

Zebadiah

(portion of God). (1) A son of Beriah, of Benjamin (1 Chron. 8:15). (2) A son of Elpaal of Benjamin (1 Chron. 8:17). (3) A son of Jeroham of Gedor, a Benjamite (1 Chron. 12:7). (4) A Korhite Levite, son of Meshelemiah, and one of the temple porters (1 Chron. 26:2). (5) A son of Asahel, brother of Joab, who succeeded his father as captain of the military course of the fourth mouth (1 Chr. 27:7). (6) A Levite sent out by King Jehoshaphat to teach the law to the people (2 Chron. 17:8). (7) A son of Ishmael and ruler of the house of Judah in reign of King Jehoshaphat (2 Chron. 19:11). (8) One who returned with Ezra from the captivity (Ezra 8:8). (9) A priest who had married a foreign wife (Ezra 10:20).

Zebah

(sacrifice). One of the two Midianite kings slain by Gideon (Judg. 8:5-21; Psa. 83:11).

Zebaim

(gazelles). A disputed word, regarded as identical with Zeboim (Ezra 2:57; Neh. 7:59).

Zebedee

(God’s portion). A fisherman of Galilee, husband of Salome, and father of the apostles James the Great and John (Matt. 4:21; 27:56; Mark 1:19-20; 15:40). His home is located at or near Bethsaida, and he appears to have been able to employ help in his occupation (Mark 1:20).

Zebina

(buying). A son of Nebo who had taken a foreign wife after the captivity (Ezra 10:43).

Zeboim

(deer). (1) One of the five cities of the plain, or circle, of Jordan (Gen. 10:19; Deut. 29:23; Hos. 11:8). It is called Zeboiim (Gen. 14:2,8). (2) A valley, or mountain gorge, contiguous to Michmash (1 Sam. 13:18). (3) A place inhabited by Benjamites after the return from captivity (Neh. 11:34).

Zeboiim

(Gen. 14:2,8). [ZEBOIM, 1.]

Zebudah

(given). Wife of King Josiah and mother of King Jehoiakim (2 Kings 23:36).

Zebul

(habitation). Ruler of the city of Shechem at the time of the contest between Abimelech and the native Canaanites (Judg. 9:28-41).

Zebulonite

(Judg. 12:11). [ZEBULUNITES.]

Zebulun

(dwelling). (1) Tenth son of Jacob, and sixth and last by Leah (Gen. 30:20; 35:23). Three sons are ascribed to him at the time of the migration to Egypt (Gen. 46:14). Zebulun was one of the six tribes stationed on Ebal to pronounce the curse (Deut. 27:13). The allotment of the tribe was bounded as in Joshua 19:10-16, and in general stretched from Acre to Jordan, taking in the plain of Esdraelon. The tribe did not expel the natives in its allotment, but associated with them and fell into easy commercial intercourse with Phoenicia on the west (Judg. 1:30). It became an idolatrous tribe (2 Chron. 30:10-18), and its territory was depopulated in the captivity of Israel by Tiglath-pileser (2 Kings 15:29). (2) A boundary place of Asher (Josh. 19:27).

Zebulunites

Descendants of Zebulun (Num. 26:27).

Zechariah

(memory of God). Son of Berechiah (Zech. 1:1); of Iddo (Ezra 5:1). Eleventh of the minor prophets and contemporary of Haggai, born in Babylon during the captivity, returned with Zerubbabel (Ezra 5:1; 6:14). The time of his prophecies is reckoned as between B. C. 520 and 518, during the period of building the second temple, whose completion was largely due to his energies as priest and prophet. His book, 38th of O. T., is divided into two parts. Chapters 1-8 contain hopeful visions of the restored Hebrew state, exhortations to turn to Jehovah, warnings against God’s enemies. Chapters 9-14 are prophetic of the future fortunes of the theocracy, the conversion of Israel, the glorification of God’s kingdom and of the coming of the Messiah. (2) A Reubenite chief, at time of the captivity by Tiglath-pileser (1 Chron. 5:7). (3) A Korhite Levite, keeper of one of the doors of the tabernacle (1 Chron. 9:21). (4) A son of Jehiel (1 Chron. 9:37). (5) A Levite of the second order, one of the temple musicians (1 Chron. 15:18,20). (6) A priest who blew the trumpet before the ark on its return (1 Chron. 15:24). (7) A Kohathite Levite (1 Chron. 24:25). (8) A Merarite Levite (1 Chron. 26:11). (9) A Manassite (1 Chron. 27:21). (10) A prince of Judah in reign of Jehoshaphat (2 Chron. 17:7). (11) Father of Jahaziel (2 Chron. 20:14). (12) A son of Jehoshaphat (2 Chron. 21:2). (13) Son of the high priest Jehoiada, in reign of Joash king of Judah (2 Chron. 24:20), and probably same as the Zacharias of Matthew 23:35. (14) A prophet and royal counselor in reign of Uzziah (2 Chron. 26:5). (15) Father of Abijah, mother of King Hezekiah (2 Chron. 29:1). (16) A member of the family of Asaph in time of Hezekiah (2 Chron. 29:13). (17) A Kohathite Levite in the reign of Josiah (2 Chron. 34:12). (18) One of the temple rulers in reign of Josiah (2 Chron. 35:8). (19) Nine priests, Levites and returned captives (Ezra 8:3,11,16; 10:26; Neh. 8:4; 11:4-5,12; 12:16,35,41). (20) A witness for Isaiah (Isa. 8:2).

Zedad

(hillside). A landmark on the northern border of Canaan (Num. 34:8; Ezek. 47:15).

Zedekiah

(justice of God). (1) Last king of Judah, son of Josiah, and brother of Jehoahaz. He reigned eleven years, B. C. 598-588 (2 Kings 24:18; 2 Chron. 36:11). He was raised to the throne by Nebuchadnezzar, who changed his name from Mattaniah to Zedekiah (2 Kings 24:17). In the ninth year of his reign, he revolted against Nebuchadnezzar, who thereupon completed the captivity of Judah and ended the kingdom (2 Kings 25:1-21; 2 Chron. 36:11-21; Jer. 21-38; Ezek. 17:15-21). (2) Son of Chenaanah, a prophet and head of the prophetic school in reign of Jehoshaphat (1 Kings 22; 2 Chron. 18:10-24). (3) Son of Hananiah, and a court officer under Jehoiakim (Jer. 36:12). (4) A false prophet burnt to death by Nebuchadnezzar (Jer. 29; 21:22).

Zeeb

(wolf). A prince of Midian, slain by the Ephraimites (Judg. 7:25; Psa. 83:11).

Zeeb, Wine-press of

The place where Zeeb was slain by the Ephraimites (Judg. 7:25).

Zelah

(rib). A city in Benjamin in which was located the family tomb of Kish, father of Saul (Josh. 18:28; 2 Sam. 21:14).

Zelek

(chasm). An Ammonite and one of David’s guard (2 Sam. 23:37; 1 Chron. 11:39).

Zelophehad

(firstborn). A son of Hepher, descendant of Manasseh. The law of female inheritance was changed in favor of his daughters (Num. 26:33; 27:1-11; Josh. 17:3-4; 1 Chron. 7:15).

Zelotes

(zealous). A name added to that of the apostle Simon to distinguish him from Simon Peter, and to emphasize his membership of the party of Zealots (Luke 6:15). [SIMON, 4.]

Zelzah

(shade). A place in the border of Benjamin, near which was Rachel’s tomb (1 Sam. 10:2).

Zemaraim

(two fleeces). (1) A town in Benjamin, four miles north of Jericho (Josh. 18:22). (2) Mount Zemaraim in the mountains of Ephraim (2 Chron. 13:4).

Zemarite

An Hamitic tribe or family descended from Canaan (Gen. 10:18; 1 Chron. 1:16).

Zemira

(song). Son of Becher, a descendant of Benjamin (1 Chron. 7:8).

Zenan

(target). A town in the lowlands of Judah (Josh. 15:37).

Zenas

A Christian lawyer whom Paul wished Titus to bring along with him (Titus 3:13).

Zephaniah

(God’s secret). (1) Ninth in order of the twelve minor prophets. Son of Cushi and a descendant of Hezekiah. He flourished during the reign of King Josiah, B. C. 641-610. His prophecy constitutes the 36th O. T. book, and denounces Judah, Nineveh, and surrounding nations, and records many cheerful promises of gospel blessings. The style is characterized by grace, strength, and dignity. (2) Son of Maaseiah and priest in the reign of Zedekiah (Jer. 21:1; 29:25-29; 37:3; 52:24-27). (3) A Kohathite Levite (1 Chron. 6:36). (4) Father of Josiah and Hen (Zech. 6:10,14).

Zephath

(watchtower). An Amorite town in the mountains near Kadesh. Called Hormah after it was conquered by the Israelites (Judg. 1:17). [HORMAH.]

Zephathah

(watchtower). The valley near Mareshah in which King Asa marshalled his forces for battle against Zerah (2 Chron. 14:9-10).

Zephi

(1 Chron. 1:36). [ZEPHO.]

Zepho

(watchtower). Zephi (1 Chron. 1:36). A son of Eliphaz, son of Esau. One of the dukes of Edom (Gen. 36:11,15).

Zephon

(watchman). A son of Gad (Num. 26:15). Called Ziphion (Gen. 46:16).

Zephonites

Descendants of Zephon (Num. 26:15).

Zer

(flint). A fortified city in Naphtali (Josh. 19:35).

Zerah

(eastern). (1) A grandson of Esau and one of the dukes of Edom (Gen. 36:13,17,33; 1 Chron. 1:37,44). (2) (Num. 26:20; Josh. 7:1,18; 22:20; 1 Chron. 2:4,6; 9:6; Neh. 11:24). [ZARAH.] (3) A son of Simeon and ancestor of a family of Zarhites (Num. 26:13; 1 Chron. 4:24). Called Zohar (Gen. 46:10). (4) A Gershonite Levite (1 Chron. 6:21,41). (5) An Ethiopian king whom Asa, king of Judah, defeated (2 Chron. 14:9).

Zerahiah

(rising of God). (1) Son of Uzzi and priest of the line of Eleazar (1 Chron. 6:6,51; Ezra 7:4). (2) One whose descendants returned from captivity with Ezra (Ezra 8:4).

Zered

(growth of reeds). A brook or wady separating Moab from Edom (Deut. 2:13-14). Called Zared (Num. 21:12).

Zereda

(ambush). Native place of Jeroboam, in the mountains of Ephraim (1 Kings 11:26).

Zeredathah

(2 Chron. 4:17). [ZARTHAN.]

Zererath

(Judg. 7:22). [ZARTHAN.]

Zeresh

Wife of Haman, and his adviser in the conspiracy against Mordecai (Esther 5:10-14).

Zereth

(bright). A son of Ashur, founder of Tekoa (1 Chron. 4:7).

Zeri

(built). A son of Jeduthun, a musician in the time of David (1 Chron. 25:3).

Zeror

(tied). An ancestor of Kish, the father of Saul (1 Sam. 9:1).

Zeruah

(leprous). Mother of King Jeroboam I. (1 Kings 11:26).

Zerubbabel

(born in Babylon). He was of the family of David, and son of Shealtiel (Hag. 1:1), or Salathiel (Matt. 1:12), or Pedaiah (1 Chron. 3:19). Born at Babylon, commissioned governor of Judea by the Persian king, Cyrus (Neh. 12:47); leader of the first colony of captives back to Jerusalem, B. C. 536 (Ezra 2:2; Neh. 7:7); laid the foundation of the new temple (Zech. 4:6-10); began the work of reconstruction, in which he was greatly hindered by Samaritan opposition, and petty Persian intrigue; finally succeeded in completing the structure, restored the order of priests according to the institution of David (Ezra 6:14-22; Hag. 1:12,15; 2:2-4). Zorobabel in N. T. (Matt. 1:12).

Zeruiah

(bruised). Sister of David and mother of the three leading heroes of David’s army (1 Sam. 26:6; 1 Chron. 2:16).

Zetham

(olive). A Levite, son of Laadan, a keeper of the temple treasury (1 Chron. 23:8; 26:22).

Zethan

(olive). A son of Bilhan, of Benjamin (1 Chron. 7:10).

Zethar

(star). One of the seven chamberlains of King Ahasuerus (Esther 1:10).

Zia

(moving). A Gadite (1 Chron. 5:13).

Ziba

(statue). A steward of Saul, and tiller of the lands of Saul which David restored to Mephibosheth (2 Sam. 9:2-13; 16:1-4; 19:17-29).

Zibeon

(robber). A Horite and son of Seir (Gen. 36:2,24,29; 1 Chron. 1:38,40).

Zibia

(deer). A Benjamite (1 Chron. 8:9).

Zibiah

(deer). Mother of King Jehoash or Joash (2 Kings 12:1; 2 Chron. 24:1).

Zichri

(remembered). (1) A son of Izhar, son of Kohath (Ex. 6:21). (2) A Benjamite of the sons of Shimhi (1 Chron. 8:19). (3) A Benjamite of the sons of Shashak (1 Chron. 8:23). (4) A Benjamite of the sons of Jeroham (1 Chron. 8:27). (6) A son of Asaph the musician (1 Chron. 9:15). Zabdi (Neh. 11:17); Zaccur (Neh. 12:35). (6) Son of Eliezer, a descendant of Moses (1 Chron. 26:25). (7) Father of Eliezer, a ruler of Reuben in reign of David (1 Chron. 27:16). (8) Father of Amasiah, a captain of 200,000 men of valor under King Jehoshaphat (2 Chron. 17:16). (9) Father of Elishaphat, a captain of hundreds under Jehoiada (2 Chron. 23:1). (10) A mighty man of Ephraim in the army of Pekah (2 Chron. 28:7). (11) A Benjamite, father of Joel, overseer of Jerusalem after the captivity (Neh. 11:9). (12) Priest of the family of Abijah (Neh. 12:17).

Ziddim

(steeps). A fenced city of Naphtali (Josh. 19:35).

Zidon

(fishing). The Sidon of Genesis 10:15,19, and the N. T. An ancient and wealthy commercial city of Phoenicia on the Mediterranean coast, twenty miles north of Tyre. It was a limit of the allotment of Asher, but was never conquered (Judg. 1:31; 10:12; 18:7,28). The Zidonians assisted in building the temple (1 Kings 5:6; 1 Chron. 22:4; Ezek. 27:8). Israel imported her idolatries (1 Kings 11:5,33; 2 Kings 23:13). Paul’s ship touched at Sidon (Acts 27:3).

Zidonians

Dwellers in Zidon (Judg. 10:12).

Zif

(bloom). Second mouth of Hebrew sacred and eighth of the civil year, corresponding to parts of April and May (1 Kings 6:1).

Ziha

(dried). (1) His children returned from captivity (Ezra 2:43; Neh. 7:46). (2) A ruler of the Nethinims in Ophel (Neh. 11:21).

Ziklag

(flowing, winding). A city in southern Judah (Josh. 15:31), afterward assigned to Simeon (Josh. 19:5). It became of great historic importance as the rendezvous of David when outlawed by Saul, and was then, or had just been, in the hands of the Philistines (1 Sam. 30:1,14,26; 2 Sam. 1:1; 4:10; 1 Chron. 4:30; 12:1-20).

Zillah

(shadow). One of the wives of Lamech and mother of Tubal-cain (Gen. 4:19,22-23).

Zilpah

(dropping). A Syrian woman who became Jacob’s concubine and the mother of Gad and Asher (Gen. 29:24; 30:9-13; 35:26; 37:2; 46:18).

Zilthai

(shadow). (1) A Benjamite of the sons of Shimhi (1 Chron. 8:20). (2) A Manassite captain who deserted to David at Ziklag (1 Chron. 12:20).

Zimmah

(wickedness). (1) A Gershonite Levite, son of Jahath (1 Chron. 6:20). (2) Another Gershonite Levite (1 Chron. 6:42). (3) A Levite and father of Joah (2 Chron. 29:12).

Zimran

(sung). A son of Abraham by Keturah (Gen. 25:2; 1 Chron. 1:32).

Zimri

(sung). (1) Son of Salu, a prince of Simeon slain by Phinehas (Num. 25:6-15). (2) Captain of half the chariots under Elah king of Israel. He smote his master in Tirsah, and reigned in his stead for a period of seven days, B. C. 929 (1 Kings 16:8-18). (3) A son of Zerah, of Judah (1 Chron. 2:6). Zabdi (Josh. 7:1,17-18). (4) Son of Jehoadah and a descendant of Saul (1 Chron. 8:36; 9:42). (5) An obscure name mentioned (Jer. 25:25).

Zin

(shrub). That part of the Arabian wilderness or desert lying south of Palestine, adjacent to Judah, and bounded on the east by the Dead Sea and valley of Arabah (Num. 13:21,26; 20:1; 27:14; 33:36; 34:3; Josh. 15:1-3).

Zina

(fruitful). The second son of Shimei the Gershonite (1 Chron. 23:10). Zizah (1 Chron. 23:11).

Zion

(mount, sunny). Zion or Sion in its literal and restricted sense was the celebrated mount in Jerusalem, the highest and southernmost or southwesternmost of the city. It was the original hill of the Jebusites (Josh. 15:63). After David became king, he captured it, “the stronghold of Zion,” from the Jebusites, dwelt in the fort there, and greatly enlarged and strengthened its fortifications, calling it “the city of David” (2 Sam. 5:6-9; 1 Chron. 11:5-8). Despite David’s prestige the name of Zion still clung to it (1 Kings 8:1; 2 Kings 19:21,31; 2 Chron. 5:2). The O. T. poets and prophets exalted the word Zion by frequent use and gave it a sacred turn, so that in time it came to type a sacred capital (Psa. 2:6); holy place (Psa. 87:2; 149:2; Isa. 30:19); God’s chosen people (Psa. 51:18; 87:5); the Christian church (Heb. 12:22); the heavenly city (Rev. 14:1).

Zior

(little). A town in the mountains of Judah (Josh. 15:54).

Ziph

(that flows). (1) An unidentified place in South Judah (Josh. 15:24). (2) A town in the mountains of Judah (Josh. 15:55). It was in the wilderness, or wastes, of Ziph that David hid himself when pursued by Saul (1 Sam. 23:14-15,24; 26:2). (3) Son of Jehaleleel, of Judah (1 Chron. 4:16).

Ziphah

A brother of the above (1 Chron. 4:16).

Ziphims

Dwellers in Ziph (Psa. 54 title).

Ziphites

Dwellers in Ziph (1 Sam. 23:19).

Ziphion

(Gen. 46:16). [ZEPHON.]

Ziphron

(perfume). A northern boundary of the promised land (Num. 34:9).

Zippor

(little bird). Father of Balak, king of Moab (Num. 22:2,4,10,16; 23:18).

Zipporah

A daughter of Reuel or Jethro, whom Moses married (Ex. 2:16-22; 4:25; 18:2-4).

Zithri

(protected). A Kohathite Levite, son of Uzziel (Ex. 6:22).

Ziz

(cliff). The cliff or pass of Ziz was that by which the Moabites and Ammonites came up from the shores of the Dead Sea to give battle to King Jehoshaphat’s forces (2 Chron. 20:16).

Ziza

(plenty). (1) A son of Shiphi and a prince of Simeon in the reign of Hezekiah (1 Chron. 4:37). (2) A son of King Rehoboam (2 Chron. 11:20).

Zizah

(plenty) (1 Chron. 23:11). [ZINA.]

Zoan

(departure). An ancient city of Lower Egypt, the Tanis of the Greeks and the San of modern times. It occupied a highly strategic position on the east side of the Tanitic branch of the Nile, and was built seven years before the very ancient city of Hebron (Num. 13:22). Isaiah mentions the “princes of Zoan” (Isa. 19:11-13; 30:4), and Ezekiel foretells its fate by fire (Ezek. 30:14).

Zoar

(little). One of the most ancient cities of Canaan, mentioned as in the “plain of Jordan” and in connection with Sodom and Gomorrah (Gen. 13:10). It was originally called Bela (Gen. 14:2,8). It was spared from the fiery destruction which came upon Sodom and the other cities of the plain (Gen. 19:20-23). Isaiah and Jeremiah speak of Zoar as in the land of Moab (Isa. 15:5; Jer. 48:34).

Zoba, Zobah

(encampment). That portion of Syria which formed a separate empire in time of Saul, David, and Solomon. It lay to the northeast of Palestine and probably extended to the Euphrates. Though ruled by petty kings at first, it became united and strong and engaged in frequent wars with Israel (1 Sam. 14:47; 2 Sam. 8:3-8; 10:6-19; 1 Chron. 18:3-8; 19:6). Hamath became the capital of Zobah, and it was captured by Solomon (2 Chron. 8:3).

Zobebah

(slothful). A Judahite (1 Chron. 4:8).

Zohar

(white). (1) Father of Ephron, from whom Abraham bought the field of Machpelah (Gen. 23:8; 25:9). (2) A son of Simeon (Gen. 46:10; Ex. 6:15). Zerah (1 Chron. 4:24).

Zoheleth

(serpent). A stone or rock by Enrogel, where Adonijah slew “sheep, oxen, and fat cattle” (1 Kings 1:9).

Zoheth

A Judahite (1 Chron. 4:20).

Zophah

(viol). An Asherite (1 Chron. 7:35-36).

Zophai

(honeycomb). A Kohathite Levite (1 Chron. 6:26). Written Zuph (1 Chron. 6:35).

Zophar

(little bird). A Naamathite, and one of the three friends of Job (Job 2:11).

Zophim

(watchmen). The field on the top of Pisgah to which Balak conducted Balaam for sacrifices (Num. 23:14).

Zorah

(hornet). A town in the lowlands of Judah, afterward assigned to Dan (Josh. 19:41). Written Zoreah (Josh. 15:33), and Zareah (Neh. 11:29). Residence of Manoah and burial place of his son Samson (Judg. 13:2,24-25; 16:31).

Zorathites

Inhabitants of Zorah; but the designation seems to be limited to the family of Judah descended from Shobal (1 Chron. 4:2).

Zoreah

(Josh. 15:33). [ZORAH.]

Zorites

Descendants of Salina of Judah, and probably dwellers in Zorah (1 Chron. 2:54).

Zorobabel

Greek form of Zerubbabel, which see, (Matt. 1:12-13; Luke 3:27).

Zuar

(little). Father of Nethaneel, chief of Issachar (Num. 1:8; 2:5; 7:18,23; 10:15).

Zuph

(honeycomb). (1) The land reached by Saul while in search of his father’s asses (1 Sam. 9:5). It was there he met Samuel the prophet (1 Sam. 9:6-15). (2) A Kohathite Levite, and ancestor of Elkanah and Samuel (1 Sam. 1:1; 1 Chron. 6:35). Called Zophai (1 Chron. 6:26).

Zur

(rock). (1) A Midianite king slain by the Israelites (Num. 25:15; 31:8). (2) Son of Jehiel, founder of Gibeon (1 Chron. 8:30; 9:36).

Zuriel

(God my rock). Son of Abihail, and a chief of the Merarite Levites (Num. 3:35).

Zurishaddai

(the Almighty my rock). Father of Shelumiel, chief of the tribe of Simeon at the exodus (Num. 1:6; 2:12; 7:36; 10:19).

Zuzims

An Ammonite name for one of the races of giants (Gen. 14:5).

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