There are ten Hebrew words thus translated, signifying any ruler, captain, viceroy, etc., that was set over the people. The term is also so used in the New Testament except the following:
1. ἐθνάρχης, “governor of a nation,” an ethnarch, as the ruler of Damascus was called (2 Cor. 11:32).
2. ἐύθύνων, “one who directs, guides,” used of the “steersman of a ship” (James 3:4).
3. ἡγεμών, the procurator of Judaea (Matt. 27:2; Luke 20:20, &c).
4. οἱκονόμος, “manager of a house, steward” (Gal. 4:2).