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Romans 1

Rom. 1:4 KJV (With Strong’s)

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4
And βdeclared
hemon (Greek #2257)
of (or from) us
KJV usage: our (company), us, we.
Pronounce: hay-mone'
Origin: genitive case plural of 1473
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
kurios (Greek #2962)
supreme in authority, i.e. (as noun) controller; by implication, Master (as a respectful title)
KJV usage: God, Lord, master, Sir.
Pronounce: koo'-ree-os
Origin: from κῦρος (supremacy)
Christos (Greek #5547)
anointed, i.e. the Messiah, an epithet of Jesus
KJV usage: Christ.
Pronounce: khris-tos'
Origin: from 5548
Iesous (Greek #2424)
Jesus (i.e. Jehoshua), the name of our Lord and two (three) other Israelites
KJV usage: Jesus.
Pronounce: ee-ay-sooce'
Origin: of Hebrew origin (03091)
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
horizo (Greek #3724)
to mark out or bound ("horizon"), i.e. (figuratively) to appoint, decree, specify
KJV usage: declare, determine, limit, ordain.
Pronounce: hor-id'-zo
Origin: from 3725
h to be the Son
huios (Greek #5207)
a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship
KJV usage: child, foal, son.
Pronounce: hwee-os'
Origin: apparently a primary word
of God
theos (Greek #2316)
a deity, especially (with 3588) the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very
KJV usage: X exceeding, God, god(-ly, -ward).
Pronounce: theh'-os
Origin: of uncertain affinity
with
en (Greek #1722)
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.
KJV usage: about, after, against, + almost, X altogether, among, X as, at, before, between, (here-)by (+ all means), for (... sake of), + give self wholly to, (here-)in(-to, -wardly), X mightily, (because) of, (up-)on, (open-)ly, X outwardly, one, X quickly, X shortly, (speedi-)ly, X that, X there(-in, -on), through(-out), (un-)to(-ward), under, when, where(-with), while, with(-in). Often used in compounds, with substantially the same import; rarely with verbs of motion, and then not to indicate direction, except (elliptically) by a separate (and different) preposition.
Pronounce: en
Origin: a primary preposition denoting (fixed) position (in place, time or state), and (by implication) instrumentality (medially or constructively), i.e. a relation of rest (intermediate between 1519 and 1537)
power
dunamis (Greek #1411)
force (literally or figuratively); specially, miraculous power (usually by implication, a miracle itself)
KJV usage: ability, abundance, meaning, might(-ily, -y, -y deed), (worker of) miracle(-s), power, strength, violence, mighty (wonderful) work.
Pronounce: doo'-nam-is
Origin: from 1410
, according to
kata (Greek #2596)
(prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined)
KJV usage: about, according as (to), after, against, (when they were) X alone, among, and, X apart, (even, like) as (concerning, pertaining to touching), X aside, at, before, beyond, by, to the charge of, (charita-)bly, concerning, + covered, (dai-)ly, down, every, (+ far more) exceeding, X more excellent, for, from ... to, godly, in(-asmuch, divers, every, -to, respect of), ... by, after the manner of, + by any means, beyond (out of) measure, X mightily, more, X natural, of (up-)on (X part), out (of every), over against, (+ your) X own, + particularly, so, through(-oughout, -oughout every), thus, (un-)to(-gether, -ward), X uttermost, where(-by), with. In composition it retains many of these applications, and frequently denotes opposition, distribution, or intensity.
Pronounce: kat-ah'
Origin: a primary particle
the spirit
pneuma (Greek #4151)
a current of air, i.e. breath (blast) or a breeze; by analogy or figuratively, a spirit, i.e. (human) the rational soul, (by implication) vital principle, mental disposition, etc., or (superhuman) an angel, demon, or (divine) God, Christ's spirit, the Holy Spirit
KJV usage: ghost, life, spirit(-ual, -ually), mind. Compare 5590.
Pronounce: pnyoo'-mah
Origin: from 4154
i of holiness
hagiosune (Greek #42)
sacredness (i.e. properly, the quality)
KJV usage: holiness.
Pronounce: hag-ee-o-soo'-nay
Origin: from 40
, by
ek (Greek #1537)
or ἐξ (ex) a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause; literal or figurative; direct or remote)
KJV usage: after, among, X are, at, betwixt(-yond), by (the means of), exceedingly, (+ abundantly above), for(- th), from (among, forth, up), + grudgingly, + heartily, X heavenly, X hereby, + very highly, in, ...ly, (because, by reason) of, off (from), on, out among (from, of), over, since, X thenceforth, through, X unto, X vehemently, with(-out). Often used in composition, with the same general import; often of completion.
Pronounce: ek
the resurrection
anastasis (Greek #386)
a standing up again, i.e. (literally) a resurrection from death (individual, genitive case or by implication, (its author)), or (figuratively) a (moral) recovery (of spiritual truth)
KJV usage: raised to life again, resurrection, rise from the dead, that should rise, rising again.
Pronounce: an-as'-tas-is
Origin: from 450
from the dead
nekros (Greek #3498)
dead (literally or figuratively; also as noun)
KJV usage: dead.
Pronounce: nek-ros'
Origin: from an apparently primary νέκυς (a corpse)
:
h
Acts 13:33‑34• 33that God has fulfilled this to us their children, having raised up Jesus; as it is also written in the second psalm, *Thou* art my Son: this day have *I* begotten thee.
 34But that he raised him from among the dead, no more to return to corruption, he spoke thus: I will give to you the faithful mercies of David. (Acts 13:33‑34)
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Rev. 1:18• 18and the living one: and I became dead, and behold, I am living to the ages of ages, and have the keys of death and of hades. (Rev. 1:18)
β
determined.
i
Heb. 9:14• 14how much rather shall the blood of the Christ, who by the eternal Spirit offered himself spotless to God, purify your conscience from dead works to worship the living God? (Heb. 9:14)

More on:

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God,
Power,
Resurrection,
Spirit,
The Son; Son of God

Cross References

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Ministry on This Verse

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declared.
Gr. determined.
the Son.
Rom. 1:3• 3concerning his Son (come of David's seed according to flesh, (Rom. 1:3)
;
John 2:18‑21• 18The Jews therefore answered and said to him, What sign shewest thou to us, that thou doest these things?
 19Jesus answered and said to them, Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up.
 20The Jews therefore said, Forty and six years was this temple building, and thou wilt raise it up in three days?
 21But *he* spoke of the temple of his body. (John 2:18‑21)
;
Acts 2:24,32• 24Whom God has raised up, having loosed the pains of death, inasmuch as it was not possible that he should be held by its power;
 32This Jesus has God raised up, whereof all *we* are witnesses. (Acts 2:24,32)
;
Acts 3:15• 15but the originator of life ye slew, whom God raised from among the dead, whereof *we* are witnesses. (Acts 3:15)
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Acts 4:10‑12• 10be it known to you all, and to all the people of Israel, that in the name of Jesus Christ the Nazaraean, whom *ye* have crucified, whom God has raised from among the dead, by *him* this man stands here before you sound in body.
 11*He* is the stone which has been set at nought by you the builders, which is become the corner stone.
 12And salvation is in none other, for neither is there another name under heaven which is given among men by which we must be saved. (Acts 4:10‑12)
;
Acts 5:30‑32• 30The God of our fathers has raised up Jesus, whom *ye* have slain, having hanged on a cross.
 31Him has God exalted by his right hand as leader and saviour, to give repentance to Israel and remission of sins.
 32And *we* are his witnesses of these things, and the Holy Spirit also, which God has given to those that obey him. (Acts 5:30‑32)
;
Acts 13:33‑35• 33that God has fulfilled this to us their children, having raised up Jesus; as it is also written in the second psalm, *Thou* art my Son: this day have *I* begotten thee.
 34But that he raised him from among the dead, no more to return to corruption, he spoke thus: I will give to you the faithful mercies of David.
 35Wherefore also he says in another, Thou wilt not suffer thy gracious one to see corruption. (Acts 13:33‑35)
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Acts 17:31• 31because he has set a day in which he is going to judge the habitable earth in righteousness by the man whom he has appointed, giving the proof of it to all in having raised him from among the dead. (Acts 17:31)
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2 Cor. 13:4• 4for if indeed he has been crucified in weakness, yet he lives by God's power; for indeed *we* are weak in him, but we shall live with him by God's power towards you,) (2 Cor. 13:4)
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Eph. 1:19‑23• 19and what the surpassing greatness of his power towards us who believe, according to the working of the might of his strength,
 20in which he wrought in the Christ in raising him from among the dead, and he set him down at his right hand in the heavenlies,
 21above every principality, and authority, and power, and dominion, and every name named, not only in this age, but also in that to come;
 22and has put all things under his feet, and gave him to be head over all things to the assembly,
 23which is his body, the fulness of him who fills all in all: (Eph. 1:19‑23)
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Heb. 5:5‑6• 5Thus the Christ also has not glorified himself to be made a high priest; but he who had said to him, *Thou* art my Son, *I* have to-day begotten thee.
 6Even as also in another place he says, *Thou* art a priest for ever according to the order of Melchisedec. (Heb. 5:5‑6)
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Rev. 1:18• 18and the living one: and I became dead, and behold, I am living to the ages of ages, and have the keys of death and of hades. (Rev. 1:18)
according.
Luke 18:31‑33• 31And he took the twelve to him and said to them, Behold, we go up to Jerusalem, and all things that are written of the Son of man by the prophets shall be accomplished;
 32for he shall be delivered up to the nations, and shall be mocked, and insulted, and spit upon.
 33And when they have scourged him they will kill him; and on the third day he will rise again. (Luke 18:31‑33)
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Luke 24:26‑27• 26Ought not the Christ to have suffered these things and to enter into his glory?
 27And having begun from Moses and from all the prophets, he interpreted to them in all the scriptures the things concerning himself. (Luke 24:26‑27)
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Heb. 9:14• 14how much rather shall the blood of the Christ, who by the eternal Spirit offered himself spotless to God, purify your conscience from dead works to worship the living God? (Heb. 9:14)
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1 Peter 1:11• 11searching what, or what manner of time, the Spirit of Christ which was in them pointed out, testifying before of the sufferings which belonged to Christ, and the glories after these. (1 Peter 1:11)
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2 Peter 1:21• 21for prophecy was not ever uttered by the will of man, but holy men of God spake under the power of the Holy Spirit. (2 Peter 1:21)
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Rev. 19:10• 10And I fell before his feet to do him homage. And he says to me, See thou do it not. I am thy fellow-bondman, and the fellow-bondman of thy brethren who have the testimony of Jesus. Do homage to God. For the spirit of prophecy is the testimony of Jesus. (Rev. 19:10)
• The Son of God in power, who, in the midst of sin, walked by the Spirit in divine and absolute holiness (resurrection being the illustrious and victorious proof of who He was, walking in this character). (“Romans 1:1-17” by J.N. Darby)
• This victory over death, this deliverance of man from its dominion, by the power of the Son of God become man, when He had undergone it, and that as a sacrifice for sin, is the only ground of hope for mortal and sinful man. It sets aside all that sin and death have to say. It destroys, for him who has a portion in Christ, the seal of judgment upon sin, which is in death; and a new man, a new life, begins for him who had been held under it . (“Romans 1:1-17” by J.N. Darby)
• He was also "declared [marked out) the Son of God." This emphasizes His divinity. Note: there was a point in time when He came "of David's seed" (at His incarnation), but there never was a time when He became "the Son of God." (“Opening Salutations: Romans 1:1-17” by B. Anstey)
• The Lord's family lineage proved that He was "the seed of David" (Matt. 1), but His acts of power in raising the dead proved that He is "the Son of God." (“Opening Salutations: Romans 1:1-17” by B. Anstey)

J. N. Darby Translation

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marked out Son of God in power, according to the Spirith of holinessi, by resurrection of the deadk) Jesus Christ our Lord;

JND Translation Notes

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h
In many cases it is impossible to put a small or a large S rightly to the word Spirit, as the presence and power of the Holy Spirit characterizes the state, and that and the state are both included; so it is here. It is divine, not merely human, perfectness, and by the Holy Spirit, yet it is Christ's state. But it is not merely a state, but that state which consists in the presence and power of the Holy Spirit, and is the absolute expression of it. On the whole, I put a large S here, but it is the Son manifested on earth who is spoken of, and characteristic of him. Resurrection was the proof, but he who had eyes to see, saw what came in flesh justified in the Spirit even when here, the same Spirit which was quickening power in resurrection, as 1 Pet. 3.18.
i
Hagiosune, the nature and quality itself, as 2 Cor. 7.1 and 1 Thess. 3.13. Distinct from hagiasmos, the practical effect produced, the character in activity, translated "holiness" in Rom. 6.19,22; 1 Cor. 1.30; 1 Tim. 2.15; Heb. 12.14; and "sanctification" in 1 Thess. 4.3; 4.7; 2 Thess. 2.13 and 1 Pet. 1.2. Another word, hagiotes, is used in Heb. 12.10 (the only time in Scripture), for the quality itself.
k
Plural, "of dead persons."

W. Kelly Translation

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4
that was marked out Son of God in power according to [the] Spirit of holiness by resurrection of [the] deada, Jesus Christ our Lord,

WK Translation Notes

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a
The exact meaning is, that Christ was to be the first strictly and properly risen from the dead, "that he should be the first that should rise from the dead." It is a characteristic description, and therefore without the article. If the English idiom admitted of the phrase "by dead resurrection," it would convey the sense of the Greek; but this would be to revolutionize the language, and to Hellenize, not to translate.