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amethyst

Boyd’s Bible Dictionary:

(not wine). A purplish quartz, ranking among the precious stones, and forming the third stone in the third row of the high priest’s breastplate (Ex. 28:19; 39:12¹⁹And the third row a ligure, an agate, and an amethyst. (Exodus 28:19)
¹²And the third row, a ligure, an agate, and an amethyst. (Exodus 39:12)). A stone in the foundations of the New Jerusalem (Rev. 21:20²⁰The fifth, sardonyx; the sixth, sardius; the seventh, chrysolite; the eighth, beryl; the ninth, a topaz; the tenth, a chrysoprasus; the eleventh, a jacinth; the twelfth, an amethyst. (Revelation 21:20)).

Concise Bible Dictionary:

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What we know as amethyst (not necessarily the same stone).

A precious stone in the third row of the breastplate of the high priest (Ex. 28:19¹⁹And the third row a ligure, an agate, and an amethyst. (Exodus 28:19); Ex. 39:12¹²And the third row, a ligure, an agate, and an amethyst. (Exodus 39:12)); and the twelfth stone in the foundations of the wall of the heavenly Jerusalem (Rev. 21:20²⁰The fifth, sardonyx; the sixth, sardius; the seventh, chrysolite; the eighth, beryl; the ninth, a topaz; the tenth, a chrysoprasus; the eleventh, a jacinth; the twelfth, an amethyst. (Revelation 21:20)). This gem is not definitely identified. It may be the purple variety of corundum, known as the oriental amethyst, or the transparent amethystine quartz which contains oxide of manganese and alumina. The Hebrew word is achlamah which is translated ἀμέθυστος in the above two passages in Exodus by the LXX, who also have the same in Ezekiel 28:13,¹³Thou hast been in Eden the garden of God; every precious stone was thy covering, the sardius, topaz, and the diamond, the beryl, the onyx, and the jasper, the sapphire, the emerald, and the carbuncle, and gold: the workmanship of thy tabrets and of thy pipes was prepared in thee in the day that thou wast created. (Ezekiel 28:13) where there is nothing in the Hebrew.

Strong’s Dictionary of Hebrew Words:

Number:

306 (find all occurrences in KJV Bible)

Transliteration:

’achlamah

Phonic:

akh-law’-maw

Meaning:

perhaps from 2492 (and thus dream-stone); a gem, probably the amethyst

KJV Usage:

amethyst

Jackson’s Dictionary of Scripture Proper Names:

dream-stone (literally I shall be brought back—as from a dream)