“Righteousness of God” From Dictionary of Biblical Words:
This is treated of in Rom. 3, and consists in the consistency of God with His own revealed character of perfect truth and justice. It here shows that Christ has by His death taken the sinner’s place, and so fully met the claims of justice, that the sinner who believes in Him, is not only pardoned but justified from all things by the righteousness of God. The expression occurs eight times in the Romans (Romans 1:17; 3:5,21,22,25,26; 10:3 [twice]). It is contrasted with human or legal righteousness in iii. 21, and further down is used in a double way; first of all to mean God’s consistency with His own character, “that He might be just” (compare His righteousness, ver. 25, 26); and secondly, “and the justifier of him which believeth in Jesus” that we are justified, this righteousness put upon us, (compare righteousness of God ver. 21, 2). The former is thus God’s own, the other, what is put on us. The proof that the righteousness of God was fully met by the work of Christ is seen in His raising Him up from the dead (Rom. 6:4). Hence it is said that Christ was raised again for our justification.
“Righteousness, Practical” From Dictionary of Biblical Words:
This is the converse of the preceding; it is human, and yet not legal, being the righteous acts and ways of the believer who has died, and risen with Christ, and who stands before God in divine righteousness. Such an one is not in the flesh (Rom. 8:9), to which alone the law applies (“thou shalt not, &c.”). Hence the law is not his rule of life, although he fulfills its righteous requirement (8:4), by walking in the Spirit. This practical righteousness brings suffering (1 Pet. 3)
Concise Bible Dictionary:
A term frequently occurring in scripture expressing an attribute of God which maintains what is consistent with His own character, and necessarily judges what is opposed to it—sin. In man also it is the opposite of lawlessness or sin (1 John 3:4-7); but it is plainly declared of man that, apart from a work of grace in him, “there is none righteous, no, not one” (Psalm 14:1-3; Rom. 3:10). But God has, independently of man, revealed His righteousness in the complete judgment and setting aside of sin, and of the state with which, in man, sin was connected. This was effected by the Son of God becoming man and taking on the cross, vicariously, the place of man as under the curse of the law, and in His being made sin and glorifying God in bearing the judgment of sin. Hence grace is established on the foundation of righteousness. The righteousness of God, declared and expressed in the saints in Christ, is thus the divinely given answer to Christ having been made sin. On the other hand, the lake of fire is an eternal expression of God’s righteous judgment. At the present moment God’s righteousness is revealed in the gospel and apprehended by faith.
This is an entirely different principle from that on which the Jew went, namely, that of seeking to establish their own righteousness, and not submitting to the righteousness of God (Rom. 10:3). Their father Abraham believed God, and it was counted unto him for righteousness; and the faith of the believer is counted to him for righteousness, apart from works (Rom. 4:3,5).
Christ Jesus is made unto us righteousness from God (1 Cor. 1:30). He is the end of the law for righteousness to all those who believe.
Besides the above, there is the practical righteousness which characterizes every Christian. By knowing God’s righteousness he becomes the servant of righteousness. The bride of the Lamb is represented as “arrayed in fine linen, clean and white:” which is “the righteousnesses of the saints” (Rev. 19:8).
The doctrine of the imputed righteousness of Christ, though largely acknowledged in Christendom, is not found in scripture. The explanation generally given of the doctrine is that Christ having perfectly kept the law, His obedience has formed a legal righteousness that is imputed to the believer as if the latter had himself kept the law. One passage of scripture proves this view to be incorrect: “If righteousness come by the law, then Christ is dead in vain” (Gal. 2:21). The force of the doctrine is to maintain the validity of the law in application to believers; and it stands in the way of their apprehending their death to the law by the body of Christ, so as to be married to Christ raised up from the dead, to bring forth fruit to God (Rom. 7:4).
Strong’s Dictionary of Greek Words:
Transliteration:
dikaiosune
Phonic:
dik-ah-yos-oo’-nay
Meaning:
from 1342; equity (of character or act); specially (Christian) justification