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Romans 2

Rom. 2:18 KJV (With Strong’s)

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18
And
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
kai (Greek #2532)
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
KJV usage: and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet.
Pronounce: kahee
Origin: apparently, a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force
knowest
ginosko (Greek #1097)
to "know" (absolutely) in a great variety of applications and with many implications (as follow, with others not thus clearly expressed)
KJV usage: allow, be aware (of), feel, (have) know(-ledge), perceived, be resolved, can speak, be sure, understand.
Pronounce: ghin-oce'-ko
Origin: a prolonged form of a primary verb
r his will
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
thelema (Greek #2307)
a determination (properly, the thing), i.e. (actively) choice (specially, purpose, decree; abstractly, volition) or (passively) inclination
KJV usage: desire, pleasure, will.
Pronounce: thel'-ay-mah
Origin: from the prolonged form of 2309
, and
kai (Greek #2532)
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
KJV usage: and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet.
Pronounce: kahee
Origin: apparently, a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force
ηapprovest
dokimazo (Greek #1381)
to test (literally or figuratively); by implication, to approve
KJV usage: allow, discern, examine, X like, (ap-)prove, try.
Pronounce: dok-im-ad'-zo
Origin: from 1384
s the things that are more excellent
diaphero (Greek #1308)
to bear through, i.e. (literally) transport; usually to bear apart, i.e. (objectively) to toss about (figuratively, report); subjectively, to "differ", or (by implication) surpass
KJV usage: be better, carry, differ from, drive up and down, be (more) excellent, make matter, publish, be of more value.
Pronounce: dee-af-er'-o
Origin: from 1223 and 5342
, being instructed
katecheo (Greek #2727)
to sound down into the ears, i.e. (by implication) to indoctrinate ("catechize") or (genitive case) to apprise of
KJV usage: inform, instruct, teach.
Pronounce: kat-ay-kheh'-o
Origin: from 2596 and 2279
out of
ek (Greek #1537)
or ἐξ (ex) a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause; literal or figurative; direct or remote)
KJV usage: after, among, X are, at, betwixt(-yond), by (the means of), exceedingly, (+ abundantly above), for(- th), from (among, forth, up), + grudgingly, + heartily, X heavenly, X hereby, + very highly, in, ...ly, (because, by reason) of, off (from), on, out among (from, of), over, since, X thenceforth, through, X unto, X vehemently, with(-out). Often used in composition, with the same general import; often of completion.
Pronounce: ek
the law
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
nomos (Greek #3551)
law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of Moses (including the volume); also of the Gospel), or figuratively (a principle)
KJV usage: law.
Pronounce: nom'-os
Origin: from a primary νέμω (to parcel out, especially food or grazing to animals)
;
r
Psa. 147:19‑20• 19He showeth his word unto Jacob, his statutes and his judgments unto Israel.
 20He hath not dealt so with any nation: and as for his judgments, they have not known them. Praise ye the Lord. (Psa. 147:19‑20)
s
Phil. 1:10• 10That ye may approve things that are excellent; that ye may be sincere and without offence till the day of Christ; (Phil. 1:10)
η
or, triest the things that differ.

More on:

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Law

Cross References

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Ministry on This Verse

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knowest.
Deut. 4:8• 8And what nation is there so great, that hath statutes and judgments so righteous as all this law, which I set before you this day? (Deut. 4:8)
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Neh. 9:13‑14• 13Thou camest down also upon mount Sinai, and spakest with them from heaven, and gavest them right judgments, and true laws, good statutes and commandments:
 14And madest known unto them thy holy sabbath, and commandedst them precepts, statutes, and laws, by the hand of Moses thy servant: (Neh. 9:13‑14)
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Psa. 147:19‑20• 19He showeth his word unto Jacob, his statutes and his judgments unto Israel.
 20He hath not dealt so with any nation: and as for his judgments, they have not known them. Praise ye the Lord. (Psa. 147:19‑20)
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Luke 12:47• 47And that servant, which knew his lord's will, and prepared not himself, neither did according to his will, shall be beaten with many stripes. (Luke 12:47)
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John 13:17• 17If ye know these things, happy are ye if ye do them. (John 13:17)
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1 Cor. 8:1‑2• 1Now as touching things offered unto idols, we know that we all have knowledge. Knowledge puffeth up, but charity edifieth.
 2And if any man think that he knoweth any thing, he knoweth nothing yet as he ought to know. (1 Cor. 8:1‑2)
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James 4:17• 17Therefore to him that knoweth to do good, and doeth it not, to him it is sin. (James 4:17)
approves the things that are more excellent.
or, triest thethings that differ.
Phil. 1:10• 10That ye may approve things that are excellent; that ye may be sincere and without offence till the day of Christ; (Phil. 1:10)
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Phil. 1•  (Phil. 1)
:*marg:;
1 Thess. 5:21• 21Prove all things; hold fast that which is good. (1 Thess. 5:21)
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Heb. 5:14• 14But strong meat belongeth to them that are of full age, even those who by reason of use have their senses exercised to discern both good and evil. (Heb. 5:14)
being instructed.
Rom. 15:4• 4For whatsoever things were written aforetime were written for our learning, that we through patience and comfort of the scriptures might have hope. (Rom. 15:4)
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Psa. 19:8• 8The statutes of the Lord are right, rejoicing the heart: the commandment of the Lord is pure, enlightening the eyes. (Psa. 19:8)
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Psa. 119:98‑100,104‑105,130• 98Thou through thy commandments hast made me wiser than mine enemies: for they are ever with me.
 99I have more understanding than all my teachers: for thy testimonies are my meditation.
 100I understand more than the ancients, because I keep thy precepts.
 104Through thy precepts I get understanding: therefore I hate every false way.
 105NUN. Thy word is a lamp unto my feet, and a light unto my path.
 130The entrance of thy words giveth light; it giveth understanding unto the simple. (Psa. 119:98‑100,104‑105,130)
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Prov. 6:23• 23For the commandment is a lamp; and the law is light; and reproofs of instruction are the way of life: (Prov. 6:23)
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2 Tim. 3:15‑17• 15And that from a child thou hast known the holy scriptures, which are able to make thee wise unto salvation through faith which is in Christ Jesus.
 16All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness:
 17That the man of God may be perfect, throughly furnished unto all good works. (2 Tim. 3:15‑17)
• They knew God's "will" and were thus able to "discerningly approve of things more excellent." They could accurately weigh matters of fine differences regarding moral conduct because they were "instructed out of the law." (“The Enlightened Jews: Romans 2:17-3:8” by B. Anstey)

J. N. Darby Translation

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18
and knowest the will, and discerningly approvest the things that are more excellent, being instructed out of the law;

W. Kelly Translation

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18
and knowest the will, and provest the things that differa, being instructed out of the law,

WK Translation Notes

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a
It might mean the consequence of this process, "approvest the things that are excellent."