The sending of spies to ascertain the strength or state of an enemy’s country was known as early as (Gen. 42), when Joseph treated his brethren as such. Twelve were sent by Moses to search out the land of Palestine, the adoption of this means being first desired by the people, and afterward ordered by God. Only two brought up a faithful report, and had faith in God that He would give them possession (Num. 13). Two were also sent by Joshua, who were hidden by Rahab (Josh. 2; Josh. 6:23; Heb. 11:31). David and Absalom both used this stratagem (1 Sam. 26:4; 2 Sam. 15:10; compare Judg. 1:24).
Those are called “spies” whom the rulers of Israel sent to entrap the Lord. They were secret agents who, by feigning themselves just men, hoped to catch the Lord in His replies; but they were themselves put to shame, and confounded by His wisdom (Luke 20:20).