I had difficulties as to the passage of which you write (Rev. 20:4). Comparing it with other passages, such as 1 Corinthians 15:54, &c., which disappeared in seeing that “the first resurrection does not describe a period of lime, but a class of persons having this characteristic name.
In the passage (Rev. 20:4), you will find three divisions named;
1. “I saw thrones, and they sat upon them and judgment was given to them.”
2. “And the souls of them that were beheaded for the witness of Jesus, and for the word of God.”
3. “And those (οιτινες) which had not worshiped the beast, neither his image, neither had received his mark in their foreheads, or in their hands.”
The first division is general, embracing all who reign with Christ, taken up at the Rapture. He sees not only thrones, (as Dan. 7:9; where for “ cast down,” read “ set”) but sitters on them; they are now occupied.
The second class are those slain under the fifth Seal. See Revelation 6:9, 10, 11.
The third class are martyr victors under the full power of the beast. See Revelation 15:2.
The two latter classes who seem to have lost the earthly blessings of the kingdom by death, are specially named as having gained by death a place in the heavenly glory, with those who then reign with Christ.
The first of these — the sitters on the thrones — have been raised or changed at the rapture; and the last two are said, in company with them, to ‘‘live and reign with Christ a thousand years”; and are all then named “the first resurrection.”
My chief difficulty was, how that Isaiah (25:8) used the words, “He will swallow up death in victory” — referring to the resurrection at the end of the tribulation and deliverance of the remnant of Judah. While Paul uses the same passage, quoting it in 1 Corinthians 15:54, with reference to those caught up before it begins, and when Christ comes, whether raised or changed. I may here remark that Isaiah 24:21 gives the judgment of the hosts of the high ones on high — Satan’s power (Rev. 12), and the Kings of the earth upon the earth (Rev. 19). Then, after that, in Isaiah 25, in the details of the deliverance to the remnant of the Jews, and the removal of the vail of idolatry from the nations, he uses this passage: — “He will swallow up death in victory,” with reference to what happens at the end of the tribulation.
In 1 Corinthians 15, Paul quotes and applies it to those who are taken up — raised or changed —before the tribulation. This seemed strange. But the moment you understand that the “first resurrection” is a class of persons running all through the crisis, or time of judgment, from the rapture of the saints, till Christ’s appearing, it is readily seen how the prophet and apostle legitimately use the same words, having a similar class before them, which are split up into sections, as I may say, in Revelation 20:4, and are technically named “the first resurrection,” though not raised and taken to heaven at the same moment of time.
Words of Truth 4:186, 187.