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Genesis 42

Gen. 42:23 KJV (With Strong’s)

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23
And they knew
yada` (Hebrew #3045)
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation, care, recognition; and causatively, instruction, designation, punishment, etc.) (as follow)
KJV usage: acknowledge, acquaintance(-ted with), advise, answer, appoint, assuredly, be aware, (un-)awares, can(-not), certainly, comprehend, consider, X could they, cunning, declare, be diligent, (can, cause to) discern, discover, endued with, familiar friend, famous, feel, can have, be (ig-)norant, instruct, kinsfolk, kinsman, (cause to let, make) know, (come to give, have, take) knowledge, have (knowledge), (be, make, make to be, make self) known, + be learned, + lie by man, mark, perceive, privy to, X prognosticator, regard, have respect, skilful, shew, can (man of) skill, be sure, of a surety, teach, (can) tell, understand, have (understanding), X will be, wist, wit, wot.
Pronounce: yaw-dah'
Origin: a primitive root
not that Joseph
Yowceph (Hebrew #3130)
let him add (or perhaps simply active participle adding); Joseph, the name of seven Israelites
KJV usage: Joseph. Compare 3084.
Pronounce: yo-safe'
Origin: future of 3254
understood
shama` (Hebrew #8085)
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
KJV usage: X attentively, call (gather) together, X carefully, X certainly, consent, consider, be content, declare, X diligently, discern, give ear, (cause to, let, make to) hear(-ken, tell), X indeed, listen, make (a) noise, (be) obedient, obey, perceive, (make a) proclaim(-ation), publish, regard, report, shew (forth), (make a) sound, X surely, tell, understand, whosoever (heareth), witness.
Pronounce: shaw-mah'
Origin: a primitive root
them; for ζhe spake unto them by an interpreter
luwts (Hebrew #3887)
properly, to make mouths at, i.e. to scoff; hence (from the effort to pronounce a foreign language) to interpret, or (generally) intercede
KJV usage: ambassador, have in derision, interpreter, make a mock, mocker, scorn(-er, -ful), teacher.
Pronounce: loots
Origin: a primitive root
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ζ
an interpreter was between them.

More on:

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Joseph

Cross References

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he spake unto them by a interpreter.
Heb. an interpreter wasbetween them. The {mailitz} does not seem to have been an interpreter in our sense of the term; as we have many evidences in this book that the Egyptians, Hebrews, Canaanites, and Syrians, could understand each other in a general way; and it appears from several passages in this very chapter, (particularly ver. 24,) that Joseph and his brethren understood each others' language, as his brethren and Joseph's steward also did (ch. 43:19, etc; compare ch. 39; 49.)
It seems to denote an officer who is called in Abyssinia, according to Mr. Bruce, {Kal Hatzé,} "the voice or word of the king," who always stands at the side of a lattice window of a balcony, within which the king sits; who is never seen, but who speaks through a hole in the side of it, covered in the inside with a curtain, to this officer, by whom he speaks to the persons present.
John 16:13‑14• 13But when *he* is come, the Spirit of truth, he shall guide you into all the truth: for he shall not speak from himself; but whatsoever he shall hear he shall speak; and he will announce to you what is coming.
 14He shall glorify me, for he shall receive of mine and shall announce it to you. (John 16:13‑14)
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2 Cor. 5:20• 20We are ambassadors therefore for Christ, God as it were beseeching by us, we entreat for Christ, Be reconciled to God. (2 Cor. 5:20)

J. N. Darby Translation

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23
And they did not know that Joseph understood, for the interpreter was between them.