Exodus 28 (JND) - Bible Truth Library

a breastplate.{Choshen,} in Hebrew is used for the square breast-plate of the high priest, in which were set twelve precious stones, each being engraved with the name of one of the sons of Jacob.

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Ex. 39:8‑21• ⁸And he made the breastplate of artistic work, like the work of the ephod, of gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet, and twined byssus.
⁹It was square; double did they make the breastplate, a span the length thereof, and a span the breadth thereof, doubled.
¹⁰And they set in it four rows of stones: one row, a sardoin, a topaz, and an emerald--the first row;
¹¹and the second row, a carbuncle, a sapphire, and a diamond;
¹²and the third row, an opal, an agate, and an amethyst;
¹³and the fourth row, a chrysolite, an onyx, and a jasper; mounted in enclosures of gold in their settings.
¹⁴And the stones were according to the names of the children of Israel, twelve, according to their names, engraved as a seal, every one according to his name, for the twelve tribes.
¹⁵And they made on the breastplate chains of laced work of wreathen work, of pure gold.
¹⁶And they made two settings of gold, and two gold rings, and put the two rings on the two ends of the breastplate.
¹⁷And they put the two wreathen cords of gold in the two rings on the ends of the breastplate;
¹⁸and the two ends of the two wreathen cords they fastened to the two settings, and put them on the shoulder-pieces of the ephod, on the front thereof.
¹⁹And they made two rings of gold, and put them on the two ends of the breastplate, on the border thereof, which faceth the ephod inwards.
²⁰And they made two rings of gold, and put them upon the two shoulder-pieces of the ephod underneath, to the front thereof, just by the coupling thereof, above the girdle of the ephod.
²¹And they bound the breastplate with its rings to the rings of the ephod with lace of blue, that it might be above the girdle of the ephod, and that the breastplate might not be loosed from the ephod; as Jehovah had commanded Moses. (Ex. 39:8‑21)

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Eph. 6:14• ¹⁴Stand therefore, having girt about your loins with truth, and having put on the breastplate of righteousness, (Eph. 6:14)

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1 Thess. 5:8• ⁸but *we* being of the day, let us be sober, putting on the breastplate of faith and love, and as helmet the hope of salvation; (1 Thess. 5:8)

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Rev. 9:17• ¹⁷And thus I saw the horses in the vision, and those that sat upon them, having breastplates of fire and jacinth and brimstone; and the heads of the horses were as heads of lions, and out of their mouths goes out fire and smoke and brimstone. (Rev. 9:17)

ephod.The ephod seems to have been a short cloak, without sleeves.

Ex. 28:6‑14• ⁶and shall make the ephod of gold, blue, and purple, scarlet and twined byssus, of artistic work.
⁷It shall have two shoulder-pieces joined at the two ends thereof, where it is joined together.
⁸And the girdle of the ephod, which is upon it, shall be of the same, according to its work of gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet and twined byssus.
⁹And thou shalt take two onyx stones, and engrave on them the names of the children of Israel:
¹⁰six of their names on the one stone, and the six names of the rest on the other stone, according to their birth.
¹¹According to the work of an engraver in stone, as the engravings of a seal, shalt thou engrave the two stones with the names of the sons of Israel; surrounded by enclosures of gold shalt thou make them.
¹²And thou shalt put the two stones upon the shoulder-pieces of the ephod as stones of memorial for the children of Israel; and Aaron shall bear their names before Jehovah upon his two shoulders for a memorial.
¹³And thou shalt make enclosures of gold;
¹⁴and two chains of pure gold; of laced work shalt thou make them, of wreathen work, and fasten the wreathen chains to the enclosures. (Ex. 28:6‑14)

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Ex. 39:2‑5,21‑22• ²And he made the ephod of gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet, and twined byssus.
³And they beat the gold into thin plates, and cut it into wires, to work it artistically into the blue, and into the purple, and into the scarlet, and into the byssus.
⁴They made shoulder-pieces for it, joining it: at its two ends was it joined together.
⁵And the girdle of his ephod, which was on it, was of the same, according to its work, of gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet, and twined byssus; as Jehovah had commanded Moses.
²¹And they bound the breastplate with its rings to the rings of the ephod with lace of blue, that it might be above the girdle of the ephod, and that the breastplate might not be loosed from the ephod; as Jehovah had commanded Moses.
²²And he made the cloak of the ephod of woven work, all of blue; (Ex. 39:2‑5,21‑22)

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Lev. 8:7‑8• ⁷And he put upon him the vest and girded him with the girdle, and clothed him with the cloak, and put the ephod on him, and he girded him with the girdle of the ephod, and fastened the ephod on him.
⁸And he put the breastplate on it, and put on the breastplate the Urim and the Thummim; (Lev. 8:7‑8)

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1 Sam. 2:18• ¹⁸And Samuel ministered before Jehovah, a boy girded with a linen ephod. (1 Sam. 2:18)

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1 Sam. 22:18• ¹⁸And the king said to Doeg, Turn thou, and fall on the priests. And Doeg the Edomite turned, and fell on the priests, and put to death that day eighty-five persons who wore the linen ephod. (1 Sam. 22:18)

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1 Sam. 23:6• ⁶And it came to pass, when Abiathar the son of Ahimelech fled to David to Keilah, he came down with an ephod in his hand. (1 Sam. 23:6)

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1 Sam. 30:7• ⁷And David said to Abiathar the priest, Ahimelech's son, Bring near to me, I pray thee, the ephod. And Abiathar brought the ephod near to David. (1 Sam. 30:7)

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2 Sam. 6:14• ¹⁴And David danced before Jehovah with all his might; and David was girded with a linen ephod. (2 Sam. 6:14)

a robe.The word {meil,} from {âlah,} to ascend, go up on, may be considered as an upper garment that goes up or over the rest, a surtout.

Ex. 28:31‑34• ³¹And thou shalt make the cloak of the ephod all of blue.
³²And its opening for the head shall be in the midst thereof; there shall be a binding of woven work at its opening round about; as the opening of a coat of mail, it shall be in it--it shall not rend.
³³And on the skirts thereof thou shalt make pomegranates of blue, and purple, and scarlet, round about the skirts thereof; and bells of gold between them round about:
³⁴a golden bell and a pomegranate, a golden bell and a pomegranate, in the skirts of the cloak round about. (Ex. 28:31‑34)

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Ex. 39:25‑26• ²⁵And they made bells of pure gold, and put the bells between the pomegranates, in the skirts of the cloak, round about, between the pomegranates:
²⁶a bell and a pomegranate, a bell and a pomegranate, in the skirts of the cloak round about, for service; as Jehovah had commanded Moses. (Ex. 39:25‑26)

broidered.

Ex. 28:29,40• ²⁹And Aaron shall bear the names of the children of Israel in the breastplate of judgment on his heart, when he goes in to the sanctuary, for a memorial before Jehovah continually.
⁴⁰And for Aaron's sons thou shalt make vests; and thou shalt make for them girdles; and high caps shalt thou make for them, for glory and for ornament. (Ex. 28:29,40)

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a mitre.

Ex. 39:28• ²⁸and the turban of byssus; and the ornamental caps, of byssus; and the linen trousers, of twined byssus; (Ex. 39:28)

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Lev. 8:9• ⁹and he put the turban upon his head; and upon the turban, on the front of it, he put the golden plate, the holy diadem; as Jehovah had commanded Moses. (Lev. 8:9)

a girdle.

Isa. 11:5• ⁵And righteousness shall be the girdle of his reins, and faithfulness the girdle of his loins. (Isa. 11:5)

J. N. Darby Translation

And these are the garments which they shall make: a breastplate, and an ephod, and a cloak, and a checkered vesti, a turban, and a girdlek; and they shall make holy garments for Aaron thy brother, and his sons, that he may serve me as priest.

JND Translation Notes

Or "tunic," "shirt."

The original word is used as well for that of Aaron (see also ver. 39 and ch. 39.29) as for that of his sons.