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23. Life. Living (#181594)
23. Life. Living
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From:
Concise Bible Dictionary: Appendix
By:
George A. Morrish
The words
βίος, ζωή, ψυχή
and πνεῦμα are all translated ‘life,' but there is a great deal of difference between them.
βίος is the manner or means of life, or subsistence in this world. The poor widow cast in all her living.
Mark 12:44
44
For all they did cast in of their abundance; but she of her want did cast in all that she had, even all her living. (Mark 12:44)
. We pray for the powers that be "that we may lead a quiet and peaceable life."
1 Tim. 2:2
2
For kings, and for all that are in authority; that we may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all godliness and honesty. (1 Timothy 2:2)
. "No man that warreth entangleth himself with the affairs of this life."
2 Tim. 2:4
4
No man that warreth entangleth himself with the affairs of this life; that he may please him who hath chosen him to be a soldier. (2 Timothy 2:4)
.
"The pride of life is not of the Father."
1 John 2:16
16
For all that is in the world, the lust of the flesh, and the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life, is not of the Father, but is of the world. (1 John 2:16)
.
ζωή
denotes more life in its activity and vigor: not merely existence, but existence in relation to a proper sphere. "In him [Christ] was life."
John 1:4
4
In him was life; and the life was the light of men. (John 1:4)
. The Holy Spirit is "the Spirit of life," and the Lord Jesus is "the Prince of life."
Rom. 8:2
2
For the law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus hath made me free from the law of sin and death. (Romans 8:2)
;
Acts 3:15
15
And killed the Prince of life, whom God hath raised from the dead; whereof we are witnesses. (Acts 3:15)
. The word is often used in conjunction with everlasting or eternal,
Matt. 19:29; 25:46
29
And every one that hath forsaken houses, or brethren, or sisters, or father, or mother, or wife, or children, or lands, for my name's sake, shall receive an hundredfold, and shall inherit everlasting life. (Matthew 19:29)
46
And these shall go away into everlasting punishment: but the righteous into life eternal. (Matthew 25:46)
, &c. Of some the Lord said, "Ye have no life in you,"
John 6:53
53
Then Jesus said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Except ye eat the flesh of the Son of man, and drink his blood, ye have no life in you. (John 6:53)
; they were spiritually dead, "alienated from the life of God."
Eph. 4:18
18
Having the understanding darkened, being alienated from the life of God through the ignorance that is in them, because of the blindness of their heart: (Ephesians 4:18)
.
ψυχή
is life in the sense of the living soul. See
Matt. 10:28, 39; 16:25, 26
28
And fear not them which kill the body, but are not able to kill the soul: but rather fear him which is able to destroy both soul and body in hell. (Matthew 10:28)
39
He that findeth his life shall lose it: and he that loseth his life for my sake shall find it. (Matthew 10:39)
25
For whosoever will save his life shall lose it: and whosoever will lose his life for my sake shall find it.
26
For what is a man profited, if he shall gain the whole world, and lose his own soul? or what shall a man give in exchange for his soul? (Matthew 16:25‑26)
;
John 10:11, 15, 17
11
I am the good shepherd: the good shepherd giveth his life for the sheep. (John 10:11)
15
As the Father knoweth me, even so know I the Father: and I lay down my life for the sheep. (John 10:15)
17
Therefore doth my Father love me, because I lay down my life, that I might take it again. (John 10:17)
;
Acts 15:24, 26; 20:10
24
Forasmuch as we have heard, that certain which went out from us have troubled you with words, subverting your souls, saying, Ye must be circumcised, and keep the law: to whom we gave no such commandment: (Acts 15:24)
26
Men that have hazarded their lives for the name of our Lord Jesus Christ. (Acts 15:26)
10
And Paul went down, and fell on him, and embracing him said, Trouble not yourselves; for his life is in him. (Acts 20:10)
, and other passages, where the word is translated both ‘life' and ‘soul.'
πνεῦμα
(from
πνέω, ‘
to breathe') is ‘breath,’ ‘spirit,' and is only once translated ‘life' in the A. V.,
Rev. 13:15
15
And he had power to give life unto the image of the beast, that the image of the beast should both speak, and cause that as many as would not worship the image of the beast should be killed. (Revelation 13:15)
, where it should be ‘breath.'
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