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2 Samuel 23

2 Sam. 23:13 KJV (With Strong’s)

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13
And δthree
shlowshiym (Hebrew #7970)
multiple of 7969; thirty; or (ordinal) thirtieth
KJV usage: thirty, thirtieth. Compare 7991.
Pronounce: shel-o-sheem'
Origin: or shloshiym {shel-o-sheem'}
shalowsh (Hebrew #7969)
masculine shlowshah {shel-o-shaw'}; or shloshah {shel-o-shaw'}; a primitive number; three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multipl.) thrice
KJV usage: + fork, + often(-times), third, thir(-teen, -teenth), three, + thrice. Compare 7991.
Pronounce: shaw-loshe'
Origin: or shalosh {shaw-loshe'}
of the thirty
shlowshiym (Hebrew #7970)
multiple of 7969; thirty; or (ordinal) thirtieth
KJV usage: thirty, thirtieth. Compare 7991.
Pronounce: shel-o-sheem'
Origin: or shloshiym {shel-o-sheem'}
chief
ro'sh (Hebrew #7218)
the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)
KJV usage: band, beginning, captain, chapiter, chief(-est place, man, things), company, end, X every (man), excellent, first, forefront, ((be-))head, height, (on) high(-est part, (priest)), X lead, X poor, principal, ruler, sum, top.
Pronounce: roshe
Origin: from an unused root apparently meaning to shake
went down
yarad (Hebrew #3381)
a primitive root; to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); causatively, to bring down (in all the above applications): --X abundantly, bring down, carry down, cast down, (cause to) come(-ing) down, fall (down), get down, go(-ing) down(-ward), hang down, X indeed, let down, light (down), put down (off), (cause to, let) run down, sink, subdue, take down.
Pronounce: yaw-rad'
, and came
bow' (Hebrew #935)
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
KJV usage: abide, apply, attain, X be, befall, + besiege, bring (forth, in, into, to pass), call, carry, X certainly, (cause, let, thing for) to come (against, in, out, upon, to pass), depart, X doubtless again, + eat, + employ, (cause to) enter (in, into, -tering, -trance, -try), be fallen, fetch, + follow, get, give, go (down, in, to war), grant, + have, X indeed, (in-)vade, lead, lift (up), mention, pull in, put, resort, run (down), send, set, X (well) stricken (in age), X surely, take (in), way.
Pronounce: bo
Origin: a primitive root
to David
David (Hebrew #1732)
Daviyd {daw-veed'}; from the same as 1730; loving; David, the youngest son of Jesse
KJV usage: David.
Pronounce: daw-veed'
Origin: rarely (fully)
in the harvest time
qatsiyr (Hebrew #7105)
severed, i.e. harvest (as reaped), the crop, the time, the reaper, or figuratively; also a limb (of a tree, or simply foliage)
KJV usage: bough, branch, harvest (man).
Pronounce: kaw-tseer'
Origin: from 7114
untoh the cave
m`arah (Hebrew #4631)
a cavern (as dark)
KJV usage: cave, den, hole.
Pronounce: meh-aw-raw'
Origin: from 5783
of Adullam
`Adullam (Hebrew #5725)
Adullam, a place in Palestine
KJV usage: Adullam.
Pronounce: ad-ool-lawm'
Origin: probably from the passive participle of the same as 5724
: and the troop
chay (Hebrew #2416)
alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or living thing), whether literally or figuratively
KJV usage: + age, alive, appetite, (wild) beast, company, congregation, life(-time), live(-ly), living (creature, thing), maintenance, + merry, multitude, + (be) old, quick, raw, running, springing, troop.
Pronounce: khah'-ee
Origin: from 2421
of the Philistines
Plishtiy (Hebrew #6430)
a Pelishtite or inhabitant of Pelesheth
KJV usage: Philistine.
Pronounce: pel-ish-tee'
Origin: patrial from 6429
pitched
chanah (Hebrew #2583)
properly, to incline; by implication, to decline (of the slanting rays of evening); specifically, to pitch a tent; gen. to encamp (for abode or siege)
KJV usage: abide (in tents), camp, dwell, encamp, grow to an end, lie, pitch (tent), rest in tent.
Pronounce: khaw-naw'
Origin: a primitive root (compare 2603)
in the valley
`emeq (Hebrew #6010)
a vale (i.e. broad depression)
KJV usage: dale, vale, valley (often used as a part of proper names). See also 1025.
Pronounce: ay'-mek
Origin: from 6009
of Rephaim
rapha' (Hebrew #7497)
from 7495 in the sense of invigorating; a giant
KJV usage: giant, Rapha, Rephaim(-s). See also 1051.
Pronounce: raw-faw'
Origin: or raphah {raw-faw'}
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δ
or, the three captains over the thirty.
h
1 Sam. 22:1• 1David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave Adullam: and when his brethren and all his father's house heard it, they went down thither to him. (1 Sam. 22:1)

More on:

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Adullam,
David,
Harvest,
Philistines,
Rephaim,
Three,
Valley of Rephaim

Cross References

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Ministry on This Verse

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three, etc.
or, the three captains over the thirty.
1 Chron. 11:15‑19• 15Now three of the thirty captains went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam; and the host of the Philistines encamped in the valley of Rephaim.
 16And David was then in the hold, and the Philistines' garrison was then at Bethlehem.
 17And David longed, and said, Oh that one would give me drink of the water of the well of Bethlehem, that is at the gate!
 18And the three brake through the host of the Philistines, and drew water out of the well of Bethlehem, that was by the gate, and took it, and brought it to David: but David would not drink of it, but poured it out to the Lord,
 19And said, My God forbid it me, that I should do this thing: shall I drink the blood of these men that have put their lives in jeopardy? for with the jeopardy of their lives they brought it. Therefore he would not drink it. These things did these three mightiest. (1 Chron. 11:15‑19)
{Shalishim,} "captains," should most probably be read, instead of {shaloshim:}
thirty {shalishim,} as it is in ver.
8, and Ex 14:7:
where LXX. render [tristatas,] which Jerome (on Eze 33) says "among the Greeks is the name of the second rank after the royal dignity."the cave.
Josh. 12:15• 15The king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one; (Josh. 12:15)
;
Josh. 15:35• 35Jarmuth, and Adullam, Socoh, and Azekah, (Josh. 15:35)
;
1 Sam. 22:1• 1David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave Adullam: and when his brethren and all his father's house heard it, they went down thither to him. (1 Sam. 22:1)
;
Mic. 1:15• 15Yet will I bring an heir unto thee, O inhabitant of Mareshah: he shall come unto Adullam the glory of Israel. (Mic. 1:15)
the valley.
2 Sam. 5:18,22• 18The Philistines also came and spread themselves in the valley of Rephaim.
 22And the Philistines came up yet again, and spread themselves in the valley of Rephaim. (2 Sam. 5:18,22)
;
1 Chron. 11:15• 15Now three of the thirty captains went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam; and the host of the Philistines encamped in the valley of Rephaim. (1 Chron. 11:15)
;
1 Chron. 14:9• 9And the Philistines came and spread themselves in the valley of Rephaim. (1 Chron. 14:9)
;
Isa. 17:5• 5And it shall be as when the harvestman gathereth the corn, and reapeth the ears with his arm; and it shall be as he that gathereth ears in the valley of Rephaim. (Isa. 17:5)
• {v.13-17} There is reason for their not being named in the deed these verses recount, but they are named subsequently in connection with their acts of valor....Why this remarkable omission of their names in the account of their exploit? It is because here it is no longer a matter of energy and perseverance, but one of the devotion of faith. And this devotion flows naturally from the hearts of servants who know and appreciate their Master. By its very nature devotion is something obscure. What man has the right to boast of devotion? (“David's Mighty Men: 2 Samuel 23:8-39” by H.L. Rossier)

J. N. Darby Translation

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13
And three of the thirty chiefs went down, and came to David in the harvest time to the cave of Adullam, when the troop of the Philistines was encamped in the valley of Rephaim.