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Boyd’s Bible Dictionary
:
Hebrew
offensive weapons were the
sword
(
1 Sam. 17:51; 25:13
51
Therefore David ran, and stood upon the Philistine, and took his sword, and drew it out of the sheath thereof, and slew him, and cut off his head therewith. And when the Philistines saw their champion was dead, they fled. (1 Samuel 17:51)
13
And David said unto his men, Gird ye on every man his sword. And they girded on every man his sword; and David also girded on his sword: and there went up after David about four hundred men; and two hundred abode by the stuff. (1 Samuel 25:13)
;
2 Sam. 20:8
8
When they were at the great stone which is in Gibeon, Amasa went before them. And Joab's garment that he had put on was girded unto him, and upon it a girdle with a sword fastened upon his loins in the sheath thereof; and as he went forth it fell out. (2 Samuel 20:8)
;
Judg. 3:16
16
But Ehud made him a dagger which had two edges, of a cubit length; and he did gird it under his raiment upon his right thigh. (Judges 3:16)
); spear (
1 Sam. 17:7
7
And the staff of his spear was like a weaver's beam; and his spear's head weighed six hundred shekels of iron: and one bearing a shield went before him. (1 Samuel 17:7)
;
2 Sam. 2:23; 23:8
23
Howbeit he refused to turn aside: wherefore Abner with the hinder end of the spear smote him under the fifth rib, that the spear came out behind him; and he fell down there, and died in the same place: and it came to pass, that as many as came to the place where Asahel fell down and died stood still. (2 Samuel 2:23)
8
These be the names of the mighty men whom David had: The Tachmonite that sat in the seat, chief among the captains; the same was Adino the Eznite: he lift up his spear against eight hundred, whom he slew at one time. (2 Samuel 23:8)
);
bow
and arrow [
ARCHERY
];
sling
(
2 Kings 3:25
25
And they beat down the cities, and on every good piece of land cast every man his stone, and filled it; and they stopped all the wells of water, and felled all the good trees: only in Kir-haraseth left they the stones thereof; howbeit the slingers went about it, and smote it. (2 Kings 3:25)
); battle-ax (
Jer. 51:20
20
Thou art my battle axe and weapons of war: for with thee will I break in pieces the nations, and with thee will I destroy kingdoms; (Jeremiah 51:20)
). Among defensive
armor
were breastplates, cuirasses, coats of mail, helmets,
greaves
, habergeons, shields, bucklers (
1 Sam. 17:5-7
5
And he had an helmet of brass upon his head, and he was armed with a coat of mail; and the weight of the coat was five thousand shekels of brass.
6
And he had greaves of brass upon his legs, and a target of brass between his shoulders.
7
And the staff of his spear was like a weaver's beam; and his spear's head weighed six hundred shekels of iron: and one bearing a shield went before him. (1 Samuel 17:5‑7)
;
2 Chron. 26:14
14
And Uzziah prepared for them throughout all the host shields, and spears, and helmets, and habergeons, and bows, and slings to cast stones. (2 Chronicles 26:14)
).
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Concise Bible Dictionary
:
The
offensive
arms
found in the
Old
Testament
are
Download (1.9 MB)
1.
The
SWORD
,
for
which several
Hebrew
words are
used
:
1.
barag
,
often
translated “lightning”; it is “glittering sword” in
Job 20:25
25
It is drawn, and cometh out of the body; yea, the glittering sword cometh out of his gall: terrors are upon him. (Job 20:25)
.
2.
chereb
, a sword, as laying
waste
. It is
the word
commonly used in the Old Testament for sword (everywhere indeed except in the references given here under the
other
words): it was a straight tapering
weapon
,
with
two edges and a sharp point (
Psalm 149:6
6
Let the high praises of God be in their mouth, and a twoedged sword in their hand; (Psalm 149:6)
;
Isa. 14:19
19
But thou art cast out of thy grave like an abominable branch, and as the raiment of those that are slain, thrust through with a sword, that go down to the stones of the pit; as a carcase trodden under feet. (Isaiah 14:19)
). It is used metaphorically for keen and piercing words, as in
Psalm 57:4
4
My soul is among lions: and I lie even among them that are set on fire, even the sons of men, whose teeth are spears and arrows, and their tongue a sharp sword. (Psalm 57:4)
and
Psalm 64:3
3
Who whet their tongue like a sword, and bend their bows to shoot their arrows, even bitter words: (Psalm 64:3)
.
3.
retsach
, an undefined slaying weapon, translated “sword”
only
in
Psalm 42:10
10
As with a sword in my bones, mine enemies reproach me; while they say daily unto me, Where is thy God? (Psalm 42:10)
.
4.
shelach
, a missile of
death
, as a
dart
(
Job 33:18
18
He keepeth back his soul from the pit, and his life from perishing by the sword. (Job 33:18)
;
Job 36:12
12
But if they obey not, they shall perish by the sword, and they shall die without knowledge. (Job 36:12)
;
Joel 2:8
8
Neither shall one thrust another; they shall walk every one in his path: and when they fall upon the sword, they shall not be wounded. (Joel 2:8)
).
5.
pethichoth
, from “to open,” is translated “
drawn sword
” in
Psalm 55:21
21
The words of his mouth were smoother than butter, but war was in his heart: his words were softer than oil, yet were they drawn swords. (Psalm 55:21)
.
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2.
SPEARS
.
1.
chanith
, thus
named
as being flexible: it is the word mostly used for the
spear
(
1 Sam. 13:19
19
Now there was no smith found throughout all the land of Israel: for the Philistines said, Lest the Hebrews make them swords or spears: (1 Samuel 13:19)
;
Psalm 57:4
4
My soul is among lions: and I lie even among them that are set on fire, even the sons of men, whose teeth are spears and arrows, and their tongue a sharp sword. (Psalm 57:4)
). It is
this
weapon that will be beaten into pruning hooks (
Isa. 2:4
4
And he shall judge among the nations, and shall rebuke many people: and they shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruninghooks: nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more. (Isaiah 2:4)
;
Mic. 4:3
3
And he shall judge among many people, and rebuke strong nations afar off; and they shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruninghooks: nation shall not lift up a sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more. (Micah 4:3)
).
2.
kidon
, a smaller kind of
lance
, or
javelin
(
Josh. 8:18, 26
18
And the Lord said unto Joshua, Stretch out the spear that is in thy hand toward Ai; for I will give it into thine hand. And Joshua stretched out the spear that he had in his hand toward the city. (Joshua 8:18)
26
For Joshua drew not his hand back, wherewith he stretched out the spear, until he had utterly destroyed all the inhabitants of Ai. (Joshua 8:26)
;
Job 41:29
29
Darts are counted as stubble: he laugheth at the shaking of a spear. (Job 41:29)
;
Jer. 6:23
23
They shall lay hold on bow and spear; they are cruel, and have no mercy; their voice roareth like the sea; and they ride upon horses, set in array as men for war against thee, O daughter of Zion. (Jeremiah 6:23)
).
3.
tselatsal
, harpoon (
Job 41:7
7
Canst thou fill his skin with barbed irons? or his head with fish spears? (Job 41:7)
).
4.
qayin
, lance (
2 Sam. 21:16
16
And Ishbi-benob, which was of the sons of the giant, the weight of whose spear weighed three hundred shekels of brass in weight, he being girded with a new sword, thought to have slain David. (2 Samuel 21:16)
).
5.
romach
, spear used by heavy-
armed
troops, the
iron
head
of a spear (
Judg. 5:8
8
They chose new gods; then was war in the gates: was there a shield or spear seen among forty thousand in Israel? (Judges 5:8)
). The pruning hooks are to be beaten into spears in the
time
of
God
’s judgments (
Joel 3:10
10
Beat your plowshares into swords, and your pruninghooks into spears: let the weak say, I am strong. (Joel 3:10)
).
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Bows
3.
BOW
,
from which
arrows
are discharged,
gesheth
, generally made
of
wood
, but
sometimes
of
steel
or
brass
(
Job 20:24
24
He shall flee from the iron weapon, and the bow of steel shall strike him through. (Job 20:24)
). It is constantly found in the Old Testament from Genesis to
Zechariah
. It is used to express
punishment
from God (
Lam. 2:4
4
He hath bent his bow like an enemy: he stood with his right hand as an adversary, and slew all that were pleasant to the eye in the tabernacle of the daughter of Zion: he poured out his fury like fire. (Lamentations 2:4)
;
Lam. 3:12
12
He hath bent his bow, and set me as a mark for the arrow. (Lamentations 3:12)
); and of men to show their
power
to injure (
Psalm 37:14- 15
14
The wicked have drawn out the sword, and have bent their bow, to cast down the poor and needy, and to slay such as be of upright conversation.
15
Their sword shall enter into their own heart, and their bows shall be broken. (Psalm 37:14‑15)
). “A deceitful bow” expresses a
man
who fails
just
when his aid is most needed, as when a bow breaks suddenly (
Psa. 78:57
57
But turned back, and dealt unfaithfully like their fathers: they were turned aside like a deceitful bow. (Psalm 78:57)
;
Hos. 7:16
16
They return, but not to the most High: they are like a deceitful bow: their princes shall fall by the sword for the rage of their tongue: this shall be their derision in the land of Egypt. (Hosea 7:16)
).
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A
shepherd
boy using a
sling
.
4.
The
SLING,
by which
stones
are discharged,
Bela
. It was by means of this that
David
smote
Goliath
(
1 Sam. 17:40, 49-50
40
And he took his staff in his hand, and chose him five smooth stones out of the brook, and put them in a shepherd's bag which he had, even in a scrip; and his sling was in his hand: and he drew near to the Philistine. (1 Samuel 17:40)
49
And David put his hand in his bag, and took thence a stone, and slang it, and smote the Philistine in his forehead, that the stone sunk into his forehead; and he fell upon his face to the earth.
50
So David prevailed over the Philistine with a sling and with a stone, and smote the Philistine, and slew him; but there was no sword in the hand of David. (1 Samuel 17:49‑50)
). Of the Benjamites
there
were 700 men lefthanded; “every one could sling stones at an
hair
breadth, and not miss” (
Judg. 20:16
16
Among all this people there were seven hundred chosen men lefthanded; every one could sling stones at an hair breadth, and not miss. (Judges 20:16)
). (In
Proverbs 26:8
8
As he that bindeth a stone in a sling, so is he that giveth honor to a fool. (Proverbs 26:8)
occurs another word for sling,
margemah
, but the
passage
is considered better translated “as he that putteth a precious
stone
in a heap of stones,” as in the
margin
.)
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Catapult
5.
“
ENGINES
,”
with which
Uzziah
shot arrows and
great
stones (
2 Chron. 26:15
15
And he made in Jerusalem engines, invented by cunning men, to be on the towers and upon the bulwarks, to shoot arrows and great stones withal. And his name spread far abroad; for he was marvellously helped, till he was strong. (2 Chronicles 26:15)
).
Strong’s Dictionary of Hebrew Words:
Number:
1872
(
find all occurrences in KJV Bible
)
Transliteration:
dra`
Phonic:
der-aw’
Meaning:
(Aramaic) corresponding to
2220
; an arm
KJV Usage:
arm
Call: 1-630-543-1441
“Study to show thyself approved unto God, … rightly dividing the word of truth” (2 Timothy 2:15).
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