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John 19

John 19:30 KJV (With Strong’s)

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When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar, he said, Itc is finished: and he bowed his head, and gaved up the ghost.

c

John 17:4• ⁴I have glorified thee on the earth: I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do. (John 17:4)

d

Isa. 53:10,12• ¹⁰Yet it pleased the Lord to bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in his hand.
¹²Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong; because he hath poured out his soul unto death: and he was numbered with the transgressors; and he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors. (Isa. 53:10,12)

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Heb. 2:14‑15• ¹⁴Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and blood, he also himself likewise took part of the same; that through death he might destroy him that had the power of death, that is, the devil;
¹⁵And deliver them who through fear of death were all their lifetime subject to bondage. (Heb. 2:14‑15)

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Ghost,

Head,

The Lord Jesus,

Vinegar

Cross References

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Ministry on This Verse

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It is.

John 19:28• ²⁸After this, Jesus knowing that all things were now accomplished, that the scripture might be fulfilled, saith, I thirst. (John 19:28)

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John 19• (John 19)

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John 4:34• ³⁴Jesus saith unto them, My meat is to do the will of him that sent me, and to finish his work. (John 4:34)

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John 17:4• ⁴I have glorified thee on the earth: I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do. (John 17:4)

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Gen. 3:15• ¹⁵And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel. (Gen. 3:15)

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Psa. 22:15• ¹⁵My strength is dried up like a potsherd; and my tongue cleaveth to my jaws; and thou hast brought me into the dust of death. (Psa. 22:15)

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Isa. 53:10,12• ¹⁰Yet it pleased the Lord to bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in his hand.
¹²Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong; because he hath poured out his soul unto death: and he was numbered with the transgressors; and he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors. (Isa. 53:10,12)

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Dan. 9:24,26• ²⁴Seventy weeks are determined upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up the vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most Holy.
²⁶And after threescore and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off, but not for himself: and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and the end thereof shall be with a flood, and unto the end of the war desolations are determined. (Dan. 9:24,26)

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Zech. 13:7• ⁷Awake, O sword, against my shepherd, and against the man that is my fellow, saith the Lord of hosts: smite the shepherd, and the sheep shall be scattered: and I will turn mine hand upon the little ones. (Zech. 13:7)

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Matt. 3:15• ¹⁵And Jesus answering said unto him, Suffer it to be so now: for thus it becometh us to fulfil all righteousness. Then he suffered him. (Matt. 3:15)

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Rom. 3:25• ²⁵Whom God hath set forth to be a propitiation through faith in his blood, to declare his righteousness for the remission of sins that are past, through the forbearance of God; (Rom. 3:25)

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Rom. 10:4• ⁴For Christ is the end of the law for righteousness to every one that believeth. (Rom. 10:4)

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1 Cor. 5:7• ⁷Purge out therefore the old leaven, that ye may be a new lump, as ye are unleavened. For even Christ our passover is sacrificed for us: (1 Cor. 5:7)

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Col. 2:14‑17• ¹⁴Blotting out the handwriting of ordinances that was against us, which was contrary to us, and took it out of the way, nailing it to his cross;
¹⁵And having spoiled principalities and powers, he made a show of them openly, triumphing over them in it.
¹⁶Let no man therefore judge you in meat, or in drink, or in respect of an holyday, or of the new moon, or of the sabbath days:
¹⁷Which are a shadow of things to come; but the body is of Christ. (Col. 2:14‑17)

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Heb. 9:11‑14,22‑28• ¹¹But Christ being come an high priest of good things to come, by a greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands, that is to say, not of this building;
¹²Neither by the blood of goats and calves, but by his own blood he entered in once into the holy place, having obtained eternal redemption for us.
¹³For if the blood of bulls and of goats, and the ashes of an heifer sprinkling the unclean, sanctifieth to the purifying of the flesh:
¹⁴How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the living God?
²²And almost all things are by the law purged with blood; and without shedding of blood is no remission.
²³It was therefore necessary that the patterns of things in the heavens should be purified with these; but the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these.
²⁴For Christ is not entered into the holy places made with hands, which are the figures of the true; but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God for us:
²⁵Nor yet that he should offer himself often, as the high priest entereth into the holy place every year with blood of others;
²⁶For then must he often have suffered since the foundation of the world: but now once in the end of the world hath he appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself.
²⁷And as it is appointed unto men once to die, but after this the judgment:
²⁸So Christ was once offered to bear the sins of many; and unto them that look for him shall he appear the second time without sin unto salvation. (Heb. 9:11‑14,22‑28)

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Heb. 10:1‑14• ¹For the law having a shadow of good things to come, and not the very image of the things, can never with those sacrifices which they offered year by year continually make the comers thereunto perfect.
²For then would they not have ceased to be offered? because that the worshippers once purged should have had no more conscience of sins.
³But in those sacrifices there is a remembrance again made of sins every year.
⁴For it is not possible that the blood of bulls and of goats should take away sins.
⁵Wherefore when he cometh into the world, he saith, Sacrifice and offering thou wouldest not, but a body hast thou prepared me:
⁶In burnt offerings and sacrifices for sin thou hast had no pleasure.
⁷Then said I, Lo, I come (in the volume of the book it is written of me,) to do thy will, O God.
⁸Above when he said, Sacrifice and offering and burnt offerings and offering for sin thou wouldest not, neither hadst pleasure therein; which are offered by the law;
⁹Then said he, Lo, I come to do thy will, O God. He taketh away the first, that he may establish the second.
¹⁰By the which will we are sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.
¹¹And every priest standeth daily ministering and offering oftentimes the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins:
¹²But this man, after he had offered one sacrifice for sins for ever, sat down on the right hand of God;
¹³From henceforth expecting till his enemies be made his footstool.
¹⁴For by one offering he hath perfected for ever them that are sanctified. (Heb. 10:1‑14)

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Heb. 12:2• ²Looking unto Jesus the author and finisher of our faith; who for the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising the shame, and is set down at the right hand of the throne of God. (Heb. 12:2)

and he.

John 10:11,18• ¹¹I am the good shepherd: the good shepherd giveth his life for the sheep.
¹⁸No man taketh it from me, but I lay it down of myself. I have power to lay it down, and I have power to take it again. This commandment have I received of my Father. (John 10:11,18)

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Matt. 20:28• ²⁸Even as the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, and to give his life a ransom for many. (Matt. 20:28)

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Matt. 27:50• ⁵⁰Jesus, when he had cried again with a loud voice, yielded up the ghost. (Matt. 27:50)

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Mark 15:37• ³⁷And Jesus cried with a loud voice, and gave up the ghost. (Mark 15:37)

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Luke 23:46• ⁴⁶And when Jesus had cried with a loud voice, he said, Father, into thy hands I commend my spirit: and having said thus, he gave up the ghost. (Luke 23:46)

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Phil. 2:8• ⁸And being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself, and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross. (Phil. 2:8)

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Heb. 2:14‑15• ¹⁴Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and blood, he also himself likewise took part of the same; that through death he might destroy him that had the power of death, that is, the devil;
¹⁵And deliver them who through fear of death were all their lifetime subject to bondage. (Heb. 2:14‑15)

• Of none but Jesus, is it or could it be said that he gave up, παρέδωκεν, the ghost; which is wholly distinct from the expired, ἐξέπνευσεν, of Mark and Luke (“Notes on John 19:1-30” by W. Kelly)

• It was reserved for John to set forth His death who was God not less surely than man, and as such. The Creator but man lifted up from the earth could say, in dying for sin to God's glory, It is finished. The work, the infinite work, was done for the putting away of sin by His sacrifice. (“Notes on John 19:31-42” by W. Kelly)

• In John, the Holy Spirit is setting forth even His death as the result of a voluntary act, giving up His spirit, and not saying to whom He committed (as man with absolute and perfect faith) His human spirit, His soul, in dying. It is His divine competency that is here shown, and not His trust in His Father. (“John 19” by J.N. Darby)

• In John He says, “It is finished,” because He is the Son, by whom all worlds were made. Who but He could say it? Who but John could mention that He delivered up (παρέδωκε) His spirit? (“John 19” by W. Kelly)

• Of none but Jesus is it or could it be said that He gave up (παρέδωκεν) the spirit, which is wholly distinct from the “expired” (ὲξέπνευσεν) of Mark and Luke, confounded with the former by our translators. To expire could apply to anyone’s death, the blessed Lord being man as truly as any other; to give the spirit up, as said in John, expresses His Divine glory though a dying man, as the One who had title to lay down His life no less than to take it again. So Matthew implies who the dying Messiah was in “He dismissed the spirit” (ἃφῆκε τὸ πν). Nor can words be more characteristic of Luke than “Father, into Thy hands I commit My spirit,” nor of John than “It is finished.” He was man, though God; He was God though man; and both in one Person. (“John 19” by W. Kelly)

• “It is finished.” The work, the infinite work, was done for the putting away of sin by His sacrifice. Thereon hangs not only the blessing of every soul that is to be justified by faith, but of new heavens and new earth wherein dwelleth righteousness. “It is finished,” τετέλεσται: one word! yet what word ever contained so much? (“John 19” by W. Kelly)

J. N. Darby Translation

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When therefore Jesus had received the vinegar, he said, It is finished; and having bowed his head, he delivered up his spirit.

W. Kelly Translation

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When therefore Jesus received the vinegar, he said, It is finished, and bowing his head delivered up his spirita.

WK Translation Notes

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a

He gave up (paredōken) the "spirit" is wholly distinct from the "expired" (exepneusen) of Mark and Luke. To expire could apply to anyone’s death, to give the spirit up expresses His divine glory though a dying man, as the One Who had title to lay down His life no less than to take it again.