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Romans 5

Rom. 5:18 KJV (With Strong’s)

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18
Therefore
ara (Greek #686)
a particle denoting an inference more or less decisive (as follows)
KJV usage: haply, (what) manner (of man), no doubt, perhaps, so be, then, therefore, truly, wherefore. Often used in connection with other particles, especially 1065 or 3767 (after) or 1487 (before). Compare also 687.
Pronounce: ar'-ah
Origin: probably from 142 (through the idea of drawing a conclusion)
as
oun (Greek #3767)
(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
KJV usage: and (so, truly), but, now (then), so (likewise then), then, therefore, verily, wherefore.
Pronounce: oon
Origin: apparently a primary word
hos (Greek #5613)
which how, i.e. in that manner (very variously used, as follows)
KJV usage: about, after (that), (according) as (it had been, it were), as soon (as), even as (like), for, how (greatly), like (as, unto), since, so (that), that, to wit, unto, when(-soever), while, X with all speed.
Pronounce: hoce
Origin: probably adverb of comparative from 3739
βby
dia (Greek #1223)
through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
KJV usage: after, always, among, at, to avoid, because of (that), briefly, by, for (cause) ... fore, from, in, by occasion of, of, by reason of, for sake, that, thereby, therefore, X though, through(-out), to, wherefore, with (-in). In composition it retains the same general importance.
Pronounce: dee-ah'
Origin: a primary preposition denoting the channel of an act
the offence
paraptoma (Greek #3900)
a side-slip (lapse or deviation), i.e. (unintentional) error or (wilful) transgression
KJV usage: fall, fault, offence, sin, trespass.
Pronounce: par-ap'-to-mah
Origin: from 3895
of one
heis (Greek #1520)
a primary numeral; one
KJV usage: a(-n, -ny, certain), + abundantly, man, one (another), only, other, some. See also 1527, 3367, 3391, 3762.
Pronounce: hice
Origin: (including the neuter (etc.) ἕν)
judgment came upon
eis (Greek #1519)
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
KJV usage: (abundant-)ly, against, among, as, at, (back-)ward, before, by, concerning, + continual, + far more exceeding, for (intent, purpose), fore, + forth, in (among, at, unto, -so much that, -to), to the intent that, + of one mind, + never, of, (up-)on, + perish, + set at one again, (so) that, therefore(-unto), throughout, til, to (be, the end, -ward), (here-)until(-to), ...ward, (where-)fore, with. Often used in composition with the same general import, but only with verbs (etc.) expressing motion (literally or figuratively).
Pronounce: ice
Origin: a primary preposition
all
pas (Greek #3956)
apparently a primary word; all, any, every, the whole
KJV usage: all (manner of, means), alway(-s), any (one), X daily, + ever, every (one, way), as many as, + no(-thing), X thoroughly, whatsoever, whole, whosoever.
Pronounce: pas
Origin: including all the forms of declension
men
anthropos (Greek #444)
man-faced, i.e. a human being
KJV usage: certain, man.
Pronounce: anth'-ro-pos
Origin: from 435 and ὤψ (the countenance; from 3700)
to
eis (Greek #1519)
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
KJV usage: (abundant-)ly, against, among, as, at, (back-)ward, before, by, concerning, + continual, + far more exceeding, for (intent, purpose), fore, + forth, in (among, at, unto, -so much that, -to), to the intent that, + of one mind, + never, of, (up-)on, + perish, + set at one again, (so) that, therefore(-unto), throughout, til, to (be, the end, -ward), (here-)until(-to), ...ward, (where-)fore, with. Often used in composition with the same general import, but only with verbs (etc.) expressing motion (literally or figuratively).
Pronounce: ice
Origin: a primary preposition
condemnation
katakrima (Greek #2631)
an adverse sentence (the verdict)
KJV usage: condemnation.
Pronounce: kat-ak'-ree-mah
Origin: from 2632
; even
kai (Greek #2532)
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
KJV usage: and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet.
Pronounce: kahee
Origin: apparently, a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force
so
houto (Greek #3779)
in this way (referring to what precedes or follows)
KJV usage: after that, after (in) this manner, as, even (so), for all that, like(-wise), no more, on this fashion(-wise), so (in like manner), thus, what.
Pronounce: hoo'-to
Origin: οὕτως (hoo'-toce) adverb from 3778
δby
dia (Greek #1223)
through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
KJV usage: after, always, among, at, to avoid, because of (that), briefly, by, for (cause) ... fore, from, in, by occasion of, of, by reason of, for sake, that, thereby, therefore, X though, through(-out), to, wherefore, with (-in). In composition it retains the same general importance.
Pronounce: dee-ah'
Origin: a primary preposition denoting the channel of an act
the righteousness
dikaioma (Greek #1345)
an equitable deed; by implication, a statute or decision
KJV usage: judgment, justification, ordinance, righteousness.
Pronounce: dik-ah'-yo-mah
Origin: from 1344
of one
heis (Greek #1520)
a primary numeral; one
KJV usage: a(-n, -ny, certain), + abundantly, man, one (another), only, other, some. See also 1527, 3367, 3391, 3762.
Pronounce: hice
Origin: (including the neuter (etc.) ἕν)
the free gift came upon
eis (Greek #1519)
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
KJV usage: (abundant-)ly, against, among, as, at, (back-)ward, before, by, concerning, + continual, + far more exceeding, for (intent, purpose), fore, + forth, in (among, at, unto, -so much that, -to), to the intent that, + of one mind, + never, of, (up-)on, + perish, + set at one again, (so) that, therefore(-unto), throughout, til, to (be, the end, -ward), (here-)until(-to), ...ward, (where-)fore, with. Often used in composition with the same general import, but only with verbs (etc.) expressing motion (literally or figuratively).
Pronounce: ice
Origin: a primary preposition
all
pas (Greek #3956)
apparently a primary word; all, any, every, the whole
KJV usage: all (manner of, means), alway(-s), any (one), X daily, + ever, every (one, way), as many as, + no(-thing), X thoroughly, whatsoever, whole, whosoever.
Pronounce: pas
Origin: including all the forms of declension
e men
anthropos (Greek #444)
man-faced, i.e. a human being
KJV usage: certain, man.
Pronounce: anth'-ro-pos
Origin: from 435 and ὤψ (the countenance; from 3700)
unto
eis (Greek #1519)
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
KJV usage: (abundant-)ly, against, among, as, at, (back-)ward, before, by, concerning, + continual, + far more exceeding, for (intent, purpose), fore, + forth, in (among, at, unto, -so much that, -to), to the intent that, + of one mind, + never, of, (up-)on, + perish, + set at one again, (so) that, therefore(-unto), throughout, til, to (be, the end, -ward), (here-)until(-to), ...ward, (where-)fore, with. Often used in composition with the same general import, but only with verbs (etc.) expressing motion (literally or figuratively).
Pronounce: ice
Origin: a primary preposition
justification
dikaiosis (Greek #1347)
aquittal (for Christ's sake)
KJV usage: justification.
Pronounce: dik-ah'-yo-sis
Origin: from 1344
of life
zoe (Greek #2222)
life (literally or figuratively)
KJV usage: life(-time). Compare 5590.
Pronounce: dzo-ay'
Origin: from 2198
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β
or, by one offense.
δ
or, by one righteousness.
e
John 12:32• 32And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto me. (John 12:32)

More on:

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Gifts,
Justification,
Life,
Righteousness

Cross References

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Ministry on This Verse

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the offence.
or, one offence.
upon.
Rom. 5:12,15,19• 12Wherefore, as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned:
 15But not as the offence, so also is the free gift. For if through the offence of one many be dead, much more the grace of God, and the gift by grace, which is by one man, Jesus Christ, hath abounded unto many.
 19For as by one man's disobedience many were made sinners, so by the obedience of one shall many be made righteous. (Rom. 5:12,15,19)
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Rom. 3:19‑20• 19Now we know that what things soever the law saith, it saith to them who are under the law: that every mouth may be stopped, and all the world may become guilty before God.
 20Therefore by the deeds of the law there shall no flesh be justified in his sight: for by the law is the knowledge of sin. (Rom. 3:19‑20)
the righteousness.
or, one righteousness.
Rom. 3:21‑22• 21But now the righteousness of God without the law is manifested, being witnessed by the law and the prophets;
 22Even the righteousness of God which is by faith of Jesus Christ unto all and upon all them that believe: for there is no difference: (Rom. 3:21‑22)
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2 Peter 1:1• 1Simon Peter, a servant and an apostle of Jesus Christ, to them that have obtained like precious faith with us through the righteousness of God and our Saviour Jesus Christ: (2 Peter 1:1)
all men.
John 1:7• 7The same came for a witness, to bear witness of the Light, that all men through him might believe. (John 1:7)
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John 3:26• 26And they came unto John, and said unto him, Rabbi, he that was with thee beyond Jordan, to whom thou barest witness, behold, the same baptizeth, and all men come to him. (John 3:26)
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John 12:32• 32And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto me. (John 12:32)
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Acts 13:39• 39And by him all that believe are justified from all things, from which ye could not be justified by the law of Moses. (Acts 13:39)
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1 Cor. 15:22• 22For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ shall all be made alive. (1 Cor. 15:22)
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1 Tim. 2:4‑6• 4Who will have all men to be saved, and to come unto the knowledge of the truth.
 5For there is one God, and one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus;
 6Who gave himself a ransom for all, to be testified in due time. (1 Tim. 2:4‑6)
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Heb. 2:9• 9But we see Jesus, who was made a little lower than the angels for the suffering of death, crowned with glory and honor; that he by the grace of God should taste death for every man. (Heb. 2:9)
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1 John 2:20• 20But ye have an unction from the Holy One, and ye know all things. (1 John 2:20)
• One offense bore- in its bearing, so to speak, referred to all, and so it was with the one act of righteousness. This is the scope of the action in itself. (“Romans 5:12-21” by J.N. Darby)
• There are two "alls" here. Unlike the two "manys" in verse 15, which were contrasting the two races of men, these two "alls" refer to the same people-the entire human race. Adam's act has brought something "towards all men" and so has Christ's act. (“The Doctrine of DeliveranceFrom Sin: Romans 5:12-7:6” by B. Anstey)
• However, that phrase {"upon all men"} should be translated "towards all men," which means that it has been made available to all, but not necessarily realized by all. (“The Doctrine of DeliveranceFrom Sin: Romans 5:12-7:6” by B. Anstey)
• The "one" act of "righteousness" that Paul speaks of here refers to Christ's whole life and death, viewed as one unbroken act of obedience. A. H. Rule said, "Every act, word, and thought from first to last was obedience, so that His whole life and death are looked at as one unbroken act of obedience." (“The Doctrine of DeliveranceFrom Sin: Romans 5:12-7:6” by B. Anstey)
• This term (justification of life) refers to believers being set in a new position before God where He no longer sees them as sinners, but also as having a new life that has not sinned, and cannot sin. (“The Doctrine of DeliveranceFrom Sin: Romans 5:12-7:6” by B. Anstey)

J. N. Darby Translation

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18
so then as it was by one offence towards all men to condemnation, so by one righteousnessm towards all men for justification of life.

JND Translation Notes

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m
Here dikaioma; the same word as translated "justification," ver. 16, but it cannot be so translated here. It is the accomplished subsisting righteousness answering to the one offence.

W. Kelly Translation

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18
So then as by one offencea [it was] toward all menb for condemnation, so also by one accomplished righteousnessc toward all men for justification of life.

WK Translation Notes

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a
There is no reasonable doubt that the reading "by one offense" should be adopted, in preference to the text "by one man’s offense," The point of the verse was to present the direction respectively, apart from the actual issues, whether on Adam’s part or on Christ’s. Hence the strikingly elliptic, as well as the broadly characteristic.
b
"Toward all men . . . toward . . ." the true force is clearly not "upon" but unto all men, because there it is a question of the simple universal tendency, and not of the result. The distinction of "eis" (unto) and "epi" (upon) strikingly appears in {vi 28014}{/vi}; where we have, first, the universal tendency of God’s righteousness, by faith of Jesus Christ, and then, the actual application of it to all those who believe. This is accurately given in our Bible, "unto all," the first and general presentation, putting all under responsibility; and then, "upon all them that believe," the special portion of all such as believe.
c
It is the same word as is translated "justification" in verse 16. See also {vi 27963;27989;28121}{/vi}.