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Romans 1

Rom. 1:28 KJV (With Strong’s)

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28
And
kai (Greek #2532)
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
KJV usage: and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet.
Pronounce: kahee
Origin: apparently, a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force
even as
kathos (Greek #2531)
just (or inasmuch) as, that
KJV usage: according to, (according, even) as, how, when.
Pronounce: kath-oce'
Origin: from 2596 and 5613
they did
dokimazo (Greek #1381)
to test (literally or figuratively); by implication, to approve
KJV usage: allow, discern, examine, X like, (ap-)prove, try.
Pronounce: dok-im-ad'-zo
Origin: from 1384
not
ou (Greek #3756)
the absolute negative (compare 3361) adverb; no or not
KJV usage: + long, nay, neither, never, no (X man), none, (can-)not, + nothing, + special, un(-worthy), when, + without, + yet but. See also 3364, 3372.
Pronounce: oo
Origin: οὐκ (ook), and (before an aspirate) οὐχ (ookh) a primary word
like
dokimazo (Greek #1381)
to test (literally or figuratively); by implication, to approve
KJV usage: allow, discern, examine, X like, (ap-)prove, try.
Pronounce: dok-im-ad'-zo
Origin: from 1384
ζto retain
echo (Greek #2192)
(used in certain tenses only) a primary verb; to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or condition)
KJV usage: be (able, X hold, possessed with), accompany, + begin to amend, can(+ -not), X conceive, count, diseased, do + eat, + enjoy, + fear, following, have, hold, keep, + lack, + go to law, lie, + must needs, + of necessity, + need, next, + recover, + reign, + rest, + return, X sick, take for, + tremble, + uncircumcised, use.
Pronounce: ekh'-o
Origin: σχέω (skheh'-o)
God
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
theos (Greek #2316)
a deity, especially (with 3588) the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very
KJV usage: X exceeding, God, god(-ly, -ward).
Pronounce: theh'-os
Origin: of uncertain affinity
in
en (Greek #1722)
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.
KJV usage: about, after, against, + almost, X altogether, among, X as, at, before, between, (here-)by (+ all means), for (... sake of), + give self wholly to, (here-)in(-to, -wardly), X mightily, (because) of, (up-)on, (open-)ly, X outwardly, one, X quickly, X shortly, (speedi-)ly, X that, X there(-in, -on), through(-out), (un-)to(-ward), under, when, where(-with), while, with(-in). Often used in compounds, with substantially the same import; rarely with verbs of motion, and then not to indicate direction, except (elliptically) by a separate (and different) preposition.
Pronounce: en
Origin: a primary preposition denoting (fixed) position (in place, time or state), and (by implication) instrumentality (medially or constructively), i.e. a relation of rest (intermediate between 1519 and 1537)
their knowledge
epignosis (Greek #1922)
recognition, i.e. (by implication) full discernment, acknowledgement
KJV usage: (ac-)knowledge(-ing, - ment).
Pronounce: ep-ig'-no-sis
Origin: from 1921
, God
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
theos (Greek #2316)
a deity, especially (with 3588) the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very
KJV usage: X exceeding, God, god(-ly, -ward).
Pronounce: theh'-os
Origin: of uncertain affinity
gave
paradidomi (Greek #3860)
to surrender, i.e yield up, intrust, transmit
KJV usage: betray, bring forth, cast, commit, deliver (up), give (over, up), hazard, put in prison, recommend.
Pronounce: par-ad-id'-o-mee
Origin: from 3844 and 1325
them
autos (Greek #846)
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative 1438) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
KJV usage: her, it(-self), one, the other, (mine) own, said, (self-), the) same, ((him-, my-, thy- )self, (your-)selves, she, that, their(-s), them(-selves), there(-at, - by, -in, -into, -of, -on, -with), they, (these) things, this (man), those, together, very, which. Compare 848.
Pronounce: ow-tos'
Origin: from the particle αὖ (perhaps akin to the base of 109 through the idea of a baffling wind) (backward)
over
paradidomi (Greek #3860)
to surrender, i.e yield up, intrust, transmit
KJV usage: betray, bring forth, cast, commit, deliver (up), give (over, up), hazard, put in prison, recommend.
Pronounce: par-ad-id'-o-mee
Origin: from 3844 and 1325
to
eis (Greek #1519)
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
KJV usage: (abundant-)ly, against, among, as, at, (back-)ward, before, by, concerning, + continual, + far more exceeding, for (intent, purpose), fore, + forth, in (among, at, unto, -so much that, -to), to the intent that, + of one mind, + never, of, (up-)on, + perish, + set at one again, (so) that, therefore(-unto), throughout, til, to (be, the end, -ward), (here-)until(-to), ...ward, (where-)fore, with. Often used in composition with the same general import, but only with verbs (etc.) expressing motion (literally or figuratively).
Pronounce: ice
Origin: a primary preposition
θa reprobate
adokimos (Greek #96)
unapproved, i.e. rejected; by implication, worthless (literally or morally)
KJV usage: castaway, rejected, reprobate.
Pronounce: ad-ok'-ee-mos
Origin: from 1 (as a negative particle) and 1384
mind
nous (Greek #3563)
the intellect, i.e. mind (divine or human; in thought, feeling, or will); by implication, meaning
KJV usage: mind, understanding. Compare 5590.
Pronounce: nooce
Origin: probably from the base of 1097
, to do
poieo (Greek #4160)
to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)
KJV usage: abide, + agree, appoint, X avenge, + band together, be, bear, + bewray, bring (forth), cast out, cause, commit, + content, continue, deal, + without any delay, (would) do(-ing), execute, exercise, fulfil, gain, give, have, hold, X journeying, keep, + lay wait, + lighten the ship, make, X mean, + none of these things move me, observe, ordain, perform, provide, + have purged, purpose, put, + raising up, X secure, shew, X shoot out, spend, take, tarry, + transgress the law, work, yield. Compare 4238.
Pronounce: poy-eh'-o
Origin: apparently a prolonged form of an obsolete primary
those things
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
which are
katheko (Greek #2520)
to reach to, i.e. (neuter of present active participle, figuratively as adjective) becoming
KJV usage: convenient, fit.
Pronounce: kath-ay'-ko
Origin: from 2596 and 2240
not
me (Greek #3361)
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas 3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
KJV usage: any but (that), X forbear, + God forbid, + lack, lest, neither, never, no (X wise in), none, nor, (can-)not, nothing, that not, un(-taken), without. Often used in compounds in substantially the same relations. See also 3362, 3363, 3364, 3372, 3373, 3375, 3378.
Pronounce: may
Origin: a primary particle of qualified negation (whereas 3756 expresses an absolute denial)
convenient
katheko (Greek #2520)
to reach to, i.e. (neuter of present active participle, figuratively as adjective) becoming
KJV usage: convenient, fit.
Pronounce: kath-ay'-ko
Origin: from 2596 and 2240
;
ζ
or, to acknowledge.
θ
or, a mind void of judgment.

More on:

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God,
Reprobate

Cross References

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Ministry on This Verse

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as they did.
Rom. 1:18,21• 18For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who hold the truth in unrighteousness;
 21Because that, when they knew God, they glorified him not as God, neither were thankful; but became vain in their imaginations, and their foolish heart was darkened. (Rom. 1:18,21)
;
Job 21:14‑15• 14Therefore they say unto God, Depart from us; for we desire not the knowledge of thy ways.
 15What is the Almighty, that we should serve him? and what profit should we have, if we pray unto him? (Job 21:14‑15)
;
Prov. 1:7,22,29• 7The fear of the Lord is the beginning of knowledge: but fools despise wisdom and instruction.
 22How long, ye simple ones, will ye love simplicity? and the scorners delight in their scorning, and fools hate knowledge?
 29For that they hated knowledge, and did not choose the fear of the Lord: (Prov. 1:7,22,29)
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Prov. 5:12‑13• 12And say, How have I hated instruction, and my heart despised reproof;
 13And have not obeyed the voice of my teachers, nor inclined mine ear to them that instructed me! (Prov. 5:12‑13)
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Prov. 17:16• 16Wherefore is there a price in the hand of a fool to get wisdom, seeing he hath no heart to it? (Prov. 17:16)
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Jer. 4:22• 22For my people is foolish, they have not known me; they are sottish children, and they have none understanding: they are wise to do evil, but to do good they have no knowledge. (Jer. 4:22)
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Jer. 9:6• 6Thine habitation is in the midst of deceit; through deceit they refuse to know me, saith the Lord. (Jer. 9:6)
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Hos. 4:6• 6My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge: because thou hast rejected knowledge, I will also reject thee, that thou shalt be no priest to me: seeing thou hast forgotten the law of thy God, I will also forget thy children. (Hos. 4:6)
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Acts 17:23,32• 23For as I passed by, and beheld your devotions, I found an altar with this inscription, TO THE UNKNOWN GOD. Whom therefore ye ignorantly worship, him declare I unto you.
 32And when they heard of the resurrection of the dead, some mocked: and others said, We will hear thee again of this matter. (Acts 17:23,32)
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Rom. 8:7‑8• 7Because the carnal mind is enmity against God: for it is not subject to the law of God, neither indeed can be.
 8So then they that are in the flesh cannot please God. (Rom. 8:7‑8)
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1 Cor. 15:34• 34Awake to righteousness, and sin not; for some have not the knowledge of God: I speak this to your shame. (1 Cor. 15:34)
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2 Cor. 4:4‑6• 4In whom the god of this world hath blinded the minds of them which believe not, lest the light of the glorious gospel of Christ, who is the image of God, should shine unto them.
 5For we preach not ourselves, but Christ Jesus the Lord; and ourselves your servants for Jesus' sake.
 6For God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts, to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ. (2 Cor. 4:4‑6)
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2 Cor. 10:5• 5Casting down imaginations, and every high thing that exalteth itself against the knowledge of God, and bringing into captivity every thought to the obedience of Christ; (2 Cor. 10:5)
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2 Thess. 1:8• 8In flaming fire taking vengeance on them that know not God, and that obey not the gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ: (2 Thess. 1:8)
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2 Thess. 2:10‑12• 10And with all deceivableness of unrighteousness in them that perish; because they received not the love of the truth, that they might be saved.
 11And for this cause God shall send them strong delusion, that they should believe a lie:
 12That they all might be damned who believed not the truth, but had pleasure in unrighteousness. (2 Thess. 2:10‑12)
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2 Peter 3:5• 5For this they willingly are ignorant of, that by the word of God the heavens were of old, and the earth standing out of the water and in the water: (2 Peter 3:5)
retain.
or, acknowledge.
a reprobate mind.
or, a mind voidof judgment.
Jer. 6:30• 30Reprobate silver shall men call them, because the Lord hath rejected them. (Jer. 6:30)
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2 Cor. 13:5‑7• 5Examine yourselves, whether ye be in the faith; prove your own selves. Know ye not your own selves, how that Jesus Christ is in you, except ye be reprobates?
 6But I trust that ye shall know that we are not reprobates.
 7Now I pray to God that ye do no evil; not that we should appear approved, but that ye should do that which is honest, though we be as reprobates. (2 Cor. 13:5‑7)
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2 Tim. 3:8• 8Now as Jannes and Jambres withstood Moses, so do these also resist the truth: men of corrupt minds, reprobate concerning the faith. (2 Tim. 3:8)
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Titus 1:16• 16They profess that they know God; but in works they deny him, being abominable, and disobedient, and unto every good work reprobate. (Titus 1:16)
not convenient.
Eph. 5:4• 4Neither filthiness, nor foolish talking, nor jesting, which are not convenient: but rather giving of thanks. (Eph. 5:4)
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Philem. 8• 8Wherefore, though I might be much bold in Christ to enjoin thee that which is convenient, (Philem. 8)
• A third consequence of men turning their backs on the knowledge of God in creation is that they began to commit all manner of anti-social sins against their fellow men-violence and injustice, etc. (“The Unrighteousness of Man: Romans 1:18-3:20” by B. Anstey)
• The Heathen Have Gone Away From God in Three Ways --In their theology (sin against God}-idolatry (vss. 21-23). --In their morality (sin against their own bodies)­ homosexuality (vss. 24-27). -- In their social life (sin against their fellow men)-violence and corruption (vss. 28-32). (“The Unrighteousness of Man: Romans 1:18-3:20” by B. Anstey)

J. N. Darby Translation

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28
And according as they did not think goodd to have God in their knowledge, God gave them up to a reprobatee mind to practise unseemly things;

JND Translation Notes

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d
Not "did not like." The word means "to assay, test, prove," and thence "to approve" as Phil. 1.10.
e
Or, as some, "a mind void of moral discernment."

W. Kelly Translation

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28
And even as they disapproveda to have God in acknowledgmentb, God gave them up unto a reprobate mindc to do improper things;

WK Translation Notes

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a
From the word "proving" in the sense of assaying, the word comes to mean "approve," or think good, or choose.
b
Or, "in [their] knowledge."
c
The word is here translated "reprobate," as this well suits the phrase and contrasts their not approving to retain God in their knowledge with His giving them over to a "disapproved" mind. But it may rightly bear an active sense, and would then mean an "undiscerning" mind, as the sentence on their presumption in rejecting God after pretending to test and try the matter.