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Hebrews 1

Heb. 1:3 KJV (With Strong’s)

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3
Who
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
hos (Greek #3739)
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
KJV usage: one, (an-, the) other, some, that, what, which, who(-m, -se), etc. See also 3757.
Pronounce: hos
Origin: ἥ (hay), and neuter ὅ (ho) probably a primary word (or perhaps a form of the article 3588)
f being
on (Greek #5607)
and the neuter ὄν (on) present participle of 1510; being
KJV usage: be, come, have.
Pronounce: oan
Origin: οὖσα (oo'-sah)
the brightness
apaugasma (Greek #541)
an off-flash, i.e. effulgence
KJV usage: brightness.
Pronounce: ap-ow'-gas-mah
Origin: from a compound of 575 and 826
of
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
doxa (Greek #1391)
glory (as very apparent), in a wide application (literal or figurative, objective or subjective)
KJV usage: dignity, glory(-ious), honour, praise, worship.
Pronounce: dox'-ah
Origin: from the base of 1380
his glory
doxa (Greek #1391)
glory (as very apparent), in a wide application (literal or figurative, objective or subjective)
KJV usage: dignity, glory(-ious), honour, praise, worship.
Pronounce: dox'-ah
Origin: from the base of 1380
, and
kai (Greek #2532)
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
KJV usage: and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet.
Pronounce: kahee
Origin: apparently, a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force
the express image
charakter (Greek #5481)
a graver (the tool or the person), i.e. (by implication) engraving (("character"), the figure stamped, i.e. an exact copy or (figuratively) representation)
KJV usage: express image.
Pronounce: khar-ak-tare'
Origin: from the same as 5482
of
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
hupostasis (Greek #5287)
a setting under (support), i.e. (figuratively) concretely, essence, or abstractly, assurance (objectively or subjectively)
KJV usage: confidence, confident, person, substance.
Pronounce: hoop-os'-tas-is
Origin: from a compound of 5259 and 2476
his
autos (Greek #846)
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative 1438) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
KJV usage: her, it(-self), one, the other, (mine) own, said, (self-), the) same, ((him-, my-, thy- )self, (your-)selves, she, that, their(-s), them(-selves), there(-at, - by, -in, -into, -of, -on, -with), they, (these) things, this (man), those, together, very, which. Compare 848.
Pronounce: ow-tos'
Origin: from the particle αὖ (perhaps akin to the base of 109 through the idea of a baffling wind) (backward)
person
hupostasis (Greek #5287)
a setting under (support), i.e. (figuratively) concretely, essence, or abstractly, assurance (objectively or subjectively)
KJV usage: confidence, confident, person, substance.
Pronounce: hoop-os'-tas-is
Origin: from a compound of 5259 and 2476
, and
te (Greek #5037)
both or also (properly, as correlation of 2532)
KJV usage: also, and, both, even, then, whether. Often used in composition, usually as the latter participle.
Pronounce: teh
Origin: a primary particle (enclitic) of connection or addition
upholding
phero (Greek #5342)
namely, οἴω (oy'-o); and ἐνέγκω (en-eng'-ko) to "bear" or carry (in a very wide application, literally and figuratively, as follows)
KJV usage: be, bear, bring (forth), carry, come, + let her drive, be driven, endure, go on, lay, lead, move, reach, rushing, uphold.
Pronounce: fer'-o
Origin: a primary verb -- for which other, and apparently not cognate ones are used in certain tenses only
all things
pas (Greek #3956)
apparently a primary word; all, any, every, the whole
KJV usage: all (manner of, means), alway(-s), any (one), X daily, + ever, every (one, way), as many as, + no(-thing), X thoroughly, whatsoever, whole, whosoever.
Pronounce: pas
Origin: including all the forms of declension
by the word
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
rhema (Greek #4487)
an utterance (individually, collectively or specially),; by implication, a matter or topic (especially of narration, command or dispute); with a negative naught whatever
KJV usage: + evil, + nothing, saying, word.
Pronounce: hray'-mah
Origin: from 4483
of
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
dunamis (Greek #1411)
force (literally or figuratively); specially, miraculous power (usually by implication, a miracle itself)
KJV usage: ability, abundance, meaning, might(-ily, -y, -y deed), (worker of) miracle(-s), power, strength, violence, mighty (wonderful) work.
Pronounce: doo'-nam-is
Origin: from 1410
his
autos (Greek #846)
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative 1438) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
KJV usage: her, it(-self), one, the other, (mine) own, said, (self-), the) same, ((him-, my-, thy- )self, (your-)selves, she, that, their(-s), them(-selves), there(-at, - by, -in, -into, -of, -on, -with), they, (these) things, this (man), those, together, very, which. Compare 848.
Pronounce: ow-tos'
Origin: from the particle αὖ (perhaps akin to the base of 109 through the idea of a baffling wind) (backward)
power
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
dunamis (Greek #1411)
force (literally or figuratively); specially, miraculous power (usually by implication, a miracle itself)
KJV usage: ability, abundance, meaning, might(-ily, -y, -y deed), (worker of) miracle(-s), power, strength, violence, mighty (wonderful) work.
Pronounce: doo'-nam-is
Origin: from 1410
, when heg had
poieo (Greek #4160)
to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)
KJV usage: abide, + agree, appoint, X avenge, + band together, be, bear, + bewray, bring (forth), cast out, cause, commit, + content, continue, deal, + without any delay, (would) do(-ing), execute, exercise, fulfil, gain, give, have, hold, X journeying, keep, + lay wait, + lighten the ship, make, X mean, + none of these things move me, observe, ordain, perform, provide, + have purged, purpose, put, + raising up, X secure, shew, X shoot out, spend, take, tarry, + transgress the law, work, yield. Compare 4238.
Pronounce: poy-eh'-o
Origin: apparently a prolonged form of an obsolete primary
by
dia (Greek #1223)
through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
KJV usage: after, always, among, at, to avoid, because of (that), briefly, by, for (cause) ... fore, from, in, by occasion of, of, by reason of, for sake, that, thereby, therefore, X though, through(-out), to, wherefore, with (-in). In composition it retains the same general importance.
Pronounce: dee-ah'
Origin: a primary preposition denoting the channel of an act
himself
heautou (Greek #1438)
him- (her-, it-, them-, also (in conjunction with the personal pronoun of the other persons) my-, thy-, our-, your-) self (selves), etc.
KJV usage: alone, her (own, -self), (he) himself, his (own), itself, one (to) another, our (thine) own(-selves), + that she had, their (own, own selves), (of) them(-selves), they, thyself, you, your (own, own conceits, own selves, -selves).
Pronounce: heh-ow-too'
Origin: from a reflexive pronoun otherwise obsolete and the genitive case (dative case or accusative case) of 846
purged
katharismos (Greek #2512)
a washing off, i.e. (ceremonially) ablution, (morally) expiation
KJV usage: cleansing, + purge, purification(-fying).
Pronounce: kath-ar-is-mos'
Origin: from 2511
our
hemon (Greek #2257)
of (or from) us
KJV usage: our (company), us, we.
Pronounce: hay-mone'
Origin: genitive case plural of 1473
sins
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
hamartia (Greek #266)
a sin (properly abstract)
KJV usage: offence, sin(-ful).
Pronounce: ham-ar-tee'-ah
Origin: from 264
, sat down
kathizo (Greek #2523)
to seat down, i.e. set (figuratively, appoint); intransitively, to sit (down); figuratively, to settle (hover, dwell)
KJV usage: continue, set, sit (down), tarry.
Pronounce: kath-id'-zo
Origin: another (active) form for 2516
h on
en (Greek #1722)
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.
KJV usage: about, after, against, + almost, X altogether, among, X as, at, before, between, (here-)by (+ all means), for (... sake of), + give self wholly to, (here-)in(-to, -wardly), X mightily, (because) of, (up-)on, (open-)ly, X outwardly, one, X quickly, X shortly, (speedi-)ly, X that, X there(-in, -on), through(-out), (un-)to(-ward), under, when, where(-with), while, with(-in). Often used in compounds, with substantially the same import; rarely with verbs of motion, and then not to indicate direction, except (elliptically) by a separate (and different) preposition.
Pronounce: en
Origin: a primary preposition denoting (fixed) position (in place, time or state), and (by implication) instrumentality (medially or constructively), i.e. a relation of rest (intermediate between 1519 and 1537)
the right hand
dexios (Greek #1188)
the right side or (feminine) hand (as that which usually takes)
KJV usage: right (hand, side).
Pronounce: dex-ee-os'
Origin: from 1209
of the Majesty
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
megalosune (Greek #3172)
greatness, i.e. (figuratively) divinity (often God himself)
KJV usage: majesty.
Pronounce: meg-al-o-soo'-nay
Origin: from 3173
on
en (Greek #1722)
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.
KJV usage: about, after, against, + almost, X altogether, among, X as, at, before, between, (here-)by (+ all means), for (... sake of), + give self wholly to, (here-)in(-to, -wardly), X mightily, (because) of, (up-)on, (open-)ly, X outwardly, one, X quickly, X shortly, (speedi-)ly, X that, X there(-in, -on), through(-out), (un-)to(-ward), under, when, where(-with), while, with(-in). Often used in compounds, with substantially the same import; rarely with verbs of motion, and then not to indicate direction, except (elliptically) by a separate (and different) preposition.
Pronounce: en
Origin: a primary preposition denoting (fixed) position (in place, time or state), and (by implication) instrumentality (medially or constructively), i.e. a relation of rest (intermediate between 1519 and 1537)
high
hupselos (Greek #5308)
lofty (in place or character)
KJV usage: high(-er, -ly) (esteemed).
Pronounce: hoop-say-los'
Origin: from 5311
;
f
John 1:14• 14And the Word became flesh and tabernacled among us (and we beheld his glory, glory as of an only-begotten from beside a father), full of grace and truth. (John 1:14)
;
Col. 1:15‑17• 15who is [the] image of the invisible God, firstborn of all creation;
 16for by him was created the universe, the things in the heavens and those on the earth, the seen and the unseen, whether thrones, or lordships, or principalities, or authorities. The universe has been created through him and for him.
 17He is before all things, and the universe in him subsisteth. (Col. 1:15‑17)
g
Heb. 7:27• 27who hath no need day by day as the high priests, first to offer up sacrifices for his own sins, then [for] those of the people; for this he did once for all when he offered up himself. (Heb. 7:27)
;
Heb. 9:12‑14• 12neither by blood of goats and calves but by his own blood, entered once for all into the holies, having found an everlasting redemption.
 13For if the blood of goats and bulls and a heifer's ashes sprinkling the defiled sanctifieth for the purity of the flesh,
 14by how much rather shall the blood of the Christ, who by [the] eternal Spirit offered himself spotless to God, purify your conscience from dead works to serve a living God? (Heb. 9:12‑14)
h
Psa. 110:1•  (Psa. 110:1)
;
Eph. 1:20‑21• 20which he wrought in the Christ in having raised him out of the dead, and seated [him] at his right hand in the heavenly [places],
 21far above every principality and authority and power and lordship and every name named not only in this age but also in that to come; (Eph. 1:20‑21)

More on:

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Glory,
Image,
Power,
Sin

Cross References

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Ministry on This Verse

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the brightness.
John 1:14• 14And the Word became flesh and tabernacled among us (and we beheld his glory, glory as of an only-begotten from beside a father), full of grace and truth. (John 1:14)
;
John 14:9‑10• 9Jesus saith to him, Am I so long a time with you, and hast thou not known me, Philip? He that hath seen me hath seen the Father; [and] how sayest thou, Show us the Father?
 10Believest thou not that I [am] in the Father, and the Father is in me? The words which I say to you, I do not speak from myself; but the Father that abideth in me, he doeth the works. (John 14:9‑10)
;
2 Cor. 4:6• 6because it is the God that bade light shine out of darkness, who shone in our hearts for the illumination of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ. (2 Cor. 4:6)
image.
2 Cor. 4:4• 4in whom the god of this age blinded the minds of the faithless, that the illumination of the gospel of the glory of Christ, who is [the] image of God, should not shine forth. (2 Cor. 4:4)
;
Col. 1:15‑16• 15who is [the] image of the invisible God, firstborn of all creation;
 16for by him was created the universe, the things in the heavens and those on the earth, the seen and the unseen, whether thrones, or lordships, or principalities, or authorities. The universe has been created through him and for him. (Col. 1:15‑16)
upholding.
Psa. 75:3•  (Psa. 75:3)
;
John 1:4• 4In him was life: and the life was the light of men. (John 1:4)
;
Col. 1:17• 17He is before all things, and the universe in him subsisteth. (Col. 1:17)
;
Rev. 4:11• 11Thou art worthy, O Lord [and our God], to receive the glory and the honour and the power: for thou createdest all things, and because of thy will they were and were created. (Rev. 4:11)
the word.
Eccl. 8:4•  (Eccl. 8:4)
;
Rom. 1:16• 16for I am not ashamed of the gospel: for it is God's power unto salvation to everyone that believeth, both to Jew first and to Greek. (Rom. 1:16)
;
2 Cor. 4:7• 7But we have this treasure in earthenware vessels, that the surpassingness of the power may be God's, and not of us, (2 Cor. 4:7)
by himself.
Heb. 7:27• 27who hath no need day by day as the high priests, first to offer up sacrifices for his own sins, then [for] those of the people; for this he did once for all when he offered up himself. (Heb. 7:27)
;
Heb. 9:12‑14,16,26• 12neither by blood of goats and calves but by his own blood, entered once for all into the holies, having found an everlasting redemption.
 13For if the blood of goats and bulls and a heifer's ashes sprinkling the defiled sanctifieth for the purity of the flesh,
 14by how much rather shall the blood of the Christ, who by [the] eternal Spirit offered himself spotless to God, purify your conscience from dead works to serve a living God?
 16For where a testament [is], the death of the testator must be brought in;
 26since he were bound often to suffer from [the] world's foundation. But now once on consummation of the ages he hath been manifested for putting away of sin by his sacrifice. (Heb. 9:12‑14,16,26)
;
John 1:29• 29On the morrow he seeth Jesus coming unto him, and saith, Behold, the Lamb of God that taketh away the sin of the world! (John 1:29)
;
1 John 1:7• 7But if we walk in the light as he is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus [Christ] his Son cleanseth us from all sin. (1 John 1:7)
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1 John 3:5• 5And ye know that he was manifested that he might take away our sins; and in him is no sin. (1 John 3:5)
sat.
Heb. 4:14• 14Having therefore a great high priest, passed as he hath through the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold fast the confession. (Heb. 4:14)
;
Heb. 8:1• 1Now a chief point [in connection] with the things said [is]: We have such a high priest who sat down on the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens; (Heb. 8:1)
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Heb. 10:12• 12but he having offered one sacrifice for sins, continuously sat down on God's right hand, (Heb. 10:12)
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Heb. 12:2• 2looking off unto Jesus the leader and completer of faith; who for the joy set before him endured cross, despising shame, and is set down on the right hand of the throne of God. (Heb. 12:2)
;
Psa. 110:1•  (Psa. 110:1)
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Matt. 22:24• 24{i}saying, Teacher, Moses said, If anyone die, not having children, his brother shall marry his wife and shall raise up seed to his brother.{/i} (Matt. 22:24)
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Mark 16:19• 19The Lord, therefore, after he had spoken to them, was taken up into heaven, and sat at the right hand of God. (Mark 16:19)
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Luke 20:42‑43• 42and David himself saith in the book of Psalms, Jehovah said to my Lord, Sit at my right hand,
 43until I put thine enemies [as] footstool of thy feet? (Luke 20:42‑43)
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Acts 2:33• 33Having therefore been exalted by the right hand of God and received of the Father the promise of the Holy Spirit, he poured forth this which ye see and hear. (Acts 2:33)
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Acts 7:56• 56and said, Lo, I behold the heavens opened, and the Son of man standing at the right hand of God. (Acts 7:56)
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Rom. 8:34• 34who is he that condemneth? [It is] Christ that died, yea rather risen too, who is also at [the] right hand of God, who also pleadeth for us: (Rom. 8:34)
;
Eph. 1:20‑22• 20which he wrought in the Christ in having raised him out of the dead, and seated [him] at his right hand in the heavenly [places],
 21far above every principality and authority and power and lordship and every name named not only in this age but also in that to come;
 22and put all things under his feet, and gave him as head over all things to the assembly, (Eph. 1:20‑22)
;
Col. 3:1• 1If therefore ye were raised with Christ, seek the things above, where the Christ is seated on [the] right hand of God. (Col. 3:1)
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1 Peter 1:21• 21that through him believe on God that raised him out of [the] dead and gave him glory, so that your faith and hope are in God, (1 Peter 1:21)
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1 Peter 3:22• 22who is at God's right hand, having proceeded into heaven, angels, and authorities, and powers being subjected to him. (1 Peter 3:22)
;
Rev. 3:21• 21He that overcometh, I will give him to sit down with me in my throne, as I also overcame and sat down with my Father in his throne. (Rev. 3:21)
Majesty.
1 Chron. 29:11•  (1 Chron. 29:11)
;
Job 37:22•  (Job 37:22)
;
Mic. 5:4•  (Mic. 5:4)
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2 Peter 1:16• 16For we made known to you the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, not following cleverly devised fables, but made eyewitnesses of his majesty. (2 Peter 1:16)
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Jude 25• 25to an only God our Saviour through Jesus Christ our Lord [be] glory, majesty, might, and authority, before all times, and now, and unto all the ages. Amen. (Jude 25)
• the very Man Whom they crucified by the hand of lawless men, Who was crucified through weakness At the moment He bowed His head and expired, He was sustaining all creation. It were absurd to think or say so, had He been only man; but He was God; and the dissolution of the tie between the outer and the inner man in no way touched His almighty power. (“Hebrews 1:2-4” by W. Kelly)
• Jesus then is not merely the Messianic Heir of the-nations as in Psa. 2 He is the Heir of all things as He created all. (“Hebrews 1:2-4” by W. Kelly)
• the incarnation means not Godhead swamped by humanity, but this taken into everlasting union with itself, each nature abiding in its own perfectness, not metamorphosed but constituting together the one person of Christ. As He therefore brought all into being, so does He sustain all the universe, and ever did so. (“Hebrews 1:2-4” by W. Kelly)
• To create needed but His word; to sustain, His will; but not so redemption. To command in this case would have been wholly insufficient. The purging of sins could not be without the shedding of blood, without sacrificial death (“Hebrews 1:2-4” by W. Kelly)
• Christ " by Himself " made purification of sins. For He alone suffered for sins; He alone was sacrificed for us. The Father had His will in giving Him for the purpose; and the Holy Spirit bears testimony to the complete efficacy, as He previously held out types and predictions and promises. But it was for Christ alone to suffer for sin; and this He did to the uttermost. (“Hebrews 1:2-4” by W. Kelly)
• the work was done, finished, in such perfectness, that the only adequate seat for Him Who had borne all was at the right hand of the Majesty on high. (“Hebrews 1:2-4” by W. Kelly)
• " effulgence." It is really a "shining off from" The force is of beams of light radiating from a luminous surface. Thus the word is most picturesque, full of active energy (“Hebrews 1:3” by R. Beacon)
• in the Greek there is only one word for the twofold English term " express image." And it is a most forcible one. It has been bodily transferred to English in the well-known word " character," which is pure and unaltered Greek, and means (see Liddell and Scott), strictly, an instrument for graving, and then that which is cut in or stamped. To use a homely illustration, one may perhaps think of that which has taken the form of a mold in which it has been cast in liquid shape, and then solidifying. (“Hebrews 1:3” by R. Beacon)
• We carefully note that Christ is not said to be the " likeness " of God. Things are like that are not identical. (“Hebrews 1:3” by R. Beacon)
• He is the Creator-God, but He is a Messiah who has taken His place in the heavens at the right hand of majesty. (“Hebrews 1” by J.N. Darby)
• “the effulgence of His glory”—the shining forth of the glory of God. The Son become flesh fully presents the glory of God. This glory of God is the combination of all the attributes of God brought into display. (“The Glory of the Son: Hebrews 1” by H. Smith)
• Upholder of "all things by the word of His power."…. The truth is that, not only was the universe brought into being by the Son, it is also maintained by the Son. (“The Glory of the Son: Hebrews 1” by H. Smith)
• “Himself purged our sins.” Although this included our sins, it is not the point here. “Our” has been added by the translators. The chapter is magnifying the majesty of the person and various work of the Son. (“Help on Hard Verses” by A.C. Brown)
• First, we have what He is, as the outshining of the glory of God and the exact expression of all that God is. Secondly, we are told what He has done. (“Hebrews 1” by F.B. Hole)
• The efficacy of the work that He did was dependent upon the fact of who and what He was; whilst the proof and demonstration of the efficacy of His work is found in where He is, in the fact that He is seated in the place of supreme power. (“Hebrews 1” by F.B. Hole)

J. N. Darby Translation

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3
who being the effulgenceb of his glory and the expression of his substancec, and upholding all things by the word of hisd power, having madee by himself the purification of sins, set himself down on the right hand of the greatness on high,

JND Translation Notes

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b
That which fully presents the glory which is in something else. Thus light makes us know what the sun is; the tabernacle, what the pattern in the mount was.
c
Clearly "substance," "essential being," not "person." It is of God, not of the Father.
d
That is, his own, the Son's.
e
The form (middle) of the verb here, has a peculiar reflexive force, "having done it for himself." Though we, as alone the sinners, have the profit, yet the work was done within his own person and work, without us, as when a man journeys, and so when he makes a person his friend, his wife.

W. Kelly Translation

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3
who being effulgence of his glory and expression of his substancea, and upholding all things by the word of his power, having made [by himselfb] purification of our sins sat down on the right hand of the Majesty on high,

WK Translation Notes

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a
And it is scarcely needful to say that "person," given in the KJV is a mistake. It is "substance" or essential being, the very image, or impress, "of His substance."
b
The omission of "by himself" in some MSS. is by no means so sure as to justify no notice in the margin. It is the reading of the three oldest copies against the mass which omit "by Himself."