Articles on

2 Corinthians 4

2 Cor. 4:4 KJV (With Strong’s)

+
4
In
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
en (Greek #1722)
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.
KJV usage: about, after, against, + almost, X altogether, among, X as, at, before, between, (here-)by (+ all means), for (... sake of), + give self wholly to, (here-)in(-to, -wardly), X mightily, (because) of, (up-)on, (open-)ly, X outwardly, one, X quickly, X shortly, (speedi-)ly, X that, X there(-in, -on), through(-out), (un-)to(-ward), under, when, where(-with), while, with(-in). Often used in compounds, with substantially the same import; rarely with verbs of motion, and then not to indicate direction, except (elliptically) by a separate (and different) preposition.
Pronounce: en
Origin: a primary preposition denoting (fixed) position (in place, time or state), and (by implication) instrumentality (medially or constructively), i.e. a relation of rest (intermediate between 1519 and 1537)
whom
hos (Greek #3739)
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
KJV usage: one, (an-, the) other, some, that, what, which, who(-m, -se), etc. See also 3757.
Pronounce: hos
Origin: ἥ (hay), and neuter ὅ (ho) probably a primary word (or perhaps a form of the article 3588)
the god
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
theos (Greek #2316)
a deity, especially (with 3588) the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very
KJV usage: X exceeding, God, god(-ly, -ward).
Pronounce: theh'-os
Origin: of uncertain affinity
n of this
toutou (Greek #5127)
of (from or concerning) this (person or thing)
KJV usage: here(-by), him, it, + such manner of, that, thence(-forth), thereabout, this, thus.
Pronounce: too'-too
Origin: genitive case singular masculine or neuter of 3778
world
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
aion (Greek #165)
properly, an age; by extension, perpetuity (also past); by implication, the world; specially (Jewish) a Messianic period (present or future)
KJV usage: age, course, eternal, (for) ever(-more), (n-)ever, (beginning of the , while the) world (began, without end). Compare 5550.
Pronounce: ahee-ohn'
Origin: from the same as 104
hath blinded
tuphloo (Greek #5186)
to make blind, i.e. (figuratively) to obscure
KJV usage: blind.
Pronounce: toof-lo'-o
Origin: from 5185
the minds
eis (Greek #1519)
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
KJV usage: (abundant-)ly, against, among, as, at, (back-)ward, before, by, concerning, + continual, + far more exceeding, for (intent, purpose), fore, + forth, in (among, at, unto, -so much that, -to), to the intent that, + of one mind, + never, of, (up-)on, + perish, + set at one again, (so) that, therefore(-unto), throughout, til, to (be, the end, -ward), (here-)until(-to), ...ward, (where-)fore, with. Often used in composition with the same general import, but only with verbs (etc.) expressing motion (literally or figuratively).
Pronounce: ice
Origin: a primary preposition
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
noema (Greek #3540)
a perception, i.e. purpose, or (by implication) the intellect, disposition, itself
KJV usage: device, mind, thought.
Pronounce: no'-ay-mah
Origin: from 3539
of them which believe not
apistos (Greek #571)
(actively) disbelieving, i.e. without Christian faith (specially, a heathen); (passively) untrustworthy (person), or incredible (thing)
KJV usage: that believeth not, faithless, incredible thing, infidel, unbeliever(-ing).
Pronounce: ap'-is-tos
Origin: from 1 (as a negative particle) and 4103
, lest
me (Greek #3361)
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas 3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
KJV usage: any but (that), X forbear, + God forbid, + lack, lest, neither, never, no (X wise in), none, nor, (can-)not, nothing, that not, un(-taken), without. Often used in compounds in substantially the same relations. See also 3362, 3363, 3364, 3372, 3373, 3375, 3378.
Pronounce: may
Origin: a primary particle of qualified negation (whereas 3756 expresses an absolute denial)
the light
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
photismos (Greek #5462)
illumination (figuratively)
KJV usage: light.
Pronounce: fo-tis-mos'
Origin: from 5461
of the glorious
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
doxa (Greek #1391)
glory (as very apparent), in a wide application (literal or figurative, objective or subjective)
KJV usage: dignity, glory(-ious), honour, praise, worship.
Pronounce: dox'-ah
Origin: from the base of 1380
gospel
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
euaggelion (Greek #2098)
a good message, i.e. the gospel
KJV usage: gospel.
Pronounce: yoo-ang-ghel'-ee-on
Origin: from the same as 2097
of Christ
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
Christos (Greek #5547)
anointed, i.e. the Messiah, an epithet of Jesus
KJV usage: Christ.
Pronounce: khris-tos'
Origin: from 5548
, who
hos (Greek #3739)
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
KJV usage: one, (an-, the) other, some, that, what, which, who(-m, -se), etc. See also 3757.
Pronounce: hos
Origin: ἥ (hay), and neuter ὅ (ho) probably a primary word (or perhaps a form of the article 3588)
is
esti (Greek #2076)
he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are
KJV usage: are, be(-long), call, X can(-not), come, consisteth, X dure for a while, + follow, X have, (that) is (to say), make, meaneth, X must needs, + profit, + remaineth, + wrestle.
Pronounce: es-tee'
Origin: third person singular present indicative of 1510
the image
eikon (Greek #1504)
a likeness, i.e. (literally) statue, profile, or (figuratively) representation, resemblance
KJV usage: image.
Pronounce: i-kone'
Origin: from 1503
o of God
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
theos (Greek #2316)
a deity, especially (with 3588) the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very
KJV usage: X exceeding, God, god(-ly, -ward).
Pronounce: theh'-os
Origin: of uncertain affinity
, should shine
augazo (Greek #826)
to beam forth (figuratively)
KJV usage: shine.
Pronounce: ow-gad'-zo
Origin: from 827
unto them
autos (Greek #846)
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative 1438) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
KJV usage: her, it(-self), one, the other, (mine) own, said, (self-), the) same, ((him-, my-, thy- )self, (your-)selves, she, that, their(-s), them(-selves), there(-at, - by, -in, -into, -of, -on, -with), they, (these) things, this (man), those, together, very, which. Compare 848.
Pronounce: ow-tos'
Origin: from the particle αὖ (perhaps akin to the base of 109 through the idea of a baffling wind) (backward)
.

More on:

+

Cross References

+

Ministry on This Verse

+
the god.
Matt. 4:8‑9• 8{i}Again the devil takes him to a very high mountain, and shows him all the kingdoms of the world, and their glory,{/i}
9{i}and says to him, All these things will I give thee if, falling down, thou wilt do me homage.{/i}
(Matt. 4:8‑9)
;
John 12:31,40• 31Now is judgment of this world; now shall the prince of this world be cast out:
40He hath blinded their eyes, and he hardened their heart that they may not see with their eyes and understand with their heart, and be converted, and I heal them.
(John 12:31,40)
;
John 14:30• 30No longer shall I talk much with you, for the prince of the world cometh, and hath nothing in me. (John 14:30)
;
John 16:11• 11of judgment, because the prince of this world is judged. (John 16:11)
;
1 Cor. 10:20• 20but that what they sacrifice, they sacrificed to demons, and not to God; and I wish you not to be in fellowship with demons. (1 Cor. 10:20)
;
Eph. 2:2• 2in which ye once walked according to the age of this world, according to the ruler of the authority of the air, the spirit that now worketh in the sons of disobedience; (Eph. 2:2)
;
Eph. 6:12• 12for our wrestling is not against blood and flesh, but against the principalities, against the authorities, against the world-rulers of this darkness, against the spiritual [hosts] of wickedness in the heavenly [places]. (Eph. 6:12)
;
1 John 5:19• 19We know that we are of God, and the whole world lieth in the wicked one. (1 John 5:19)
;
1 John 5•  (1 John 5)
:*Gr:;
Rev. 20:2‑3• 2And he laid hold on the dragon, the ancient serpent, which is {i}the{/i} Devil and Satan, and bound him a thousand years,
3and cast him into the abyss, and shut and sealed {i}it{/i} over him, that he might deceive the nations no more till the thousand years were finished: after these must he be loosed a little space.
(Rev. 20:2‑3)
blinded.
test.
2 Cor. 4:6• 6because it is the God that bade light shine out of darkness, who shone in our hearts for the illumination of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ. (2 Cor. 4:6)
;
2 Cor. 3:8‑9,11,18• 8how shall not the ministry of the Spirit rather be in glory?
9For if the ministry of condemnation [have] glory, much more doth the ministry of righteousness abound in glory.
11For if that to be done away [was] with glory, much more what abideth [is] in glory.
18but we all, beholding the glory of the Lord with unveiled face, are being transformed into the same image from glory to glory, even as from [the] Lord [the] Spirit.
(2 Cor. 3:8‑9,11,18)
;
John 8:12• 12Again therefore Jesus spoke to them, saying, I am the light of the world: he that followeth me shall in no wise walk in darkness, but shall have the light of life. (John 8:12)
;
John 12:35• 35Jesus then said to them, Yet a little time the light is among you. Walk while ye have the light, that the darkness may not overtake you; and he that walketh in darkness knoweth not where he goeth. (John 12:35)
;
Acts 26:18• 18to open their eyes, that they may turn from darkness unto light and the power of Satan unto God, that they may receive remission of sins and inheritance among those that are sanctified by faith that is in me. (Acts 26:18)
;
Col. 1:27• 27to whom God wished to make known what is the riches of the glory of this mystery among the Gentiles, which is Christ in you, the hope of glory: (Col. 1:27)
;
1 Tim. 1:11• 11according to the gospel of the glory of the blessed God with which I was entrusted. (1 Tim. 1:11)
;
Titus 2:13• 13looking for the blessed hope and appearing of the glory of our great God and Saviour Jesus Christ; (Titus 2:13)
the image.
shine.
 In their ease, the god of this age blinded the thoughts, or understandings, of the unbelieving. It was no defect in the truth, no obscurity in the message from God, nor insincerity in the messenger, who gave it out as purely as he received it. (Notes on 2 Corinthians 4:1-4 by W. Kelly)
 {god of this age} And as the Lord, in view of His own rejection unto death, spoke of the devil as the prince of this world (John 12; 14), so the Apostle here designates him, with striking propriety, as "god of this age." During the new age, when the Lord takes the sovereignty of the world (Rev. 11), it will not be so; he will be bound, and thereby kept from his old deceits. (Notes on 2 Corinthians 4:1-4 by W. Kelly)
 {glad tidings of the glory, JND Trans.} The gospel, as Paul preached it, was not of His descent and life here only, nor of His death and resurrection, but of His glory in heaven also. (Notes on 2 Corinthians 4:1-4 by W. Kelly)
 If such glad tidings were veiled, they were veiled in the lost, not by those that preached the truth. In their ease, the god of this age blinded the thoughts, or understandings, of the unbelieving. It was no defect in the truth, no obscurity in the message from God, nor insincerity in the messenger, who gave it out as purely as he received it.... the gospel, as Paul preached it, was not of His descent and life here only, nor of His death and resurrection, but of His glory in heaven also. (Notes on 2 Corinthians 4:1-4 by W. Kelly)
 This is translated “glorious gospel.” But we have seen that the fact of Christ’s being in glory, the glory of God being seen in His face, was the special subject of the preceding chapter. To that the Apostle here alludes as characterizing the gospel which he preached. (2 Corinthians 4 by J.N. Darby)
 The gospel that Paul preached was not only that Christ had died and was risen, but that He is glorified — "the glad tidings of the glory of the Christ". It is not only that Christ is in glory, but that the One Who fully set forth God is glorified, the everlasting witness to God's infinite satisfaction in Christ and His work, as well as to the believer's place of acceptance and favor, and the righteous ground of the proclamation of forgiveness and salvation to sinners. (2 Corinthians 4 by H. Smith)
 As “the god of this world” he is in control of this world’s religious activities (2 Cor. 4:4). As “the prince of this world” he is in control of this world’s secular activities (John 12:31; 14:30). (A True Christian Minister Has Personal Exercises Regarding the Ministry He Carries: 2 Corinithains 4 by B. Anstey)

J. N. Darby Translation

+
4
in whom the god of this world has blinded the thoughts of the unbelieving, so that the radiancy of the glad tidings of the glory of the Christ, who is the image of God, should not shine forthi for them.

JND Translation Notes

+
i
I add "for them" to complete the sense. I have doubted as to this passage. The word translated "shine forth" is only found here in the New Testament and generally means "to see," or "discern." If this be the meaning here, we should read "so that they should not discern the shining forth of the glad tidings of the glory of Christ, who is the image of God."

W. Kelly Translation

+
4
in whom the god of this age blinded the mindsa of the faithless, that the illumination of the gospel of the gloryb of Christ, who is [the] image of God, should not shine forthc.

WK Translation Notes

+
a
Or, "thoughts."
b
"The glorious gospel," as in the KJV, is not only inadequate, but incorrect. For "the glory" is definitely of Christ exalted to God’s right hand, not in "the glorious gospel."
c
"Unto them" as reads the T. R. is an addition of the more recent copies against the oldest MSS.