James

Boyd’s Bible Dictionary:

(Jacob). (1) “The Greater” or “Elder,” son of Zebedee and brother of John (Matt. 4:21-2221And going on from thence, he saw other two brethren, James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, in a ship with Zebedee their father, mending their nets; and he called them. 22And they immediately left the ship and their father, and followed him. (Matthew 4:21‑22)). A fisherman of Galilee, called to the Apostolate about A. D. 28, and styled Boanerges (Matt. 10:2-32Now the names of the twelve apostles are these; The first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother; James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother; 3Philip, and Bartholomew; Thomas, and Matthew the publican; James the son of Alpheus, and Lebbeus, whose surname was Thaddeus; (Matthew 10:2‑3); Mark 3:14-1814And he ordained twelve, that they should be with him, and that he might send them forth to preach, 15And to have power to heal sicknesses, and to cast out devils: 16And Simon he surnamed Peter; 17And James the son of Zebedee, and John the brother of James; and he surnamed them Boanerges, which is, The sons of thunder: 18And Andrew, and Philip, and Bartholomew, and Matthew, and Thomas, and James the son of Alpheus, and Thaddeus, and Simon the Canaanite, (Mark 3:14‑18); Luke 6:12-1612And it came to pass in those days, that he went out into a mountain to pray, and continued all night in prayer to God. 13And when it was day, he called unto him his disciples: and of them he chose twelve, whom also he named apostles; 14Simon, (whom he also named Peter,) and Andrew his brother, James and John, Philip and Bartholomew, 15Matthew and Thomas, James the son of Alpheus, and Simon called Zelotes, 16And Judas the brother of James, and Judas Iscariot, which also was the traitor. (Luke 6:12‑16); Acts 1:1313And when they were come in, they went up into an upper room, where abode both Peter, and James, and John, and Andrew, Philip, and Thomas, Bartholomew, and Matthew, James the son of Alpheus, and Simon Zelotes, and Judas the brother of James. (Acts 1:13)). Labored at Jerusalem. Beheaded by Herod, A. D. 44. (2) Christ’s brother (Gal. 1:99As we said before, so say I now again, If any man preach any other gospel unto you than that ye have received, let him be accursed. (Galatians 1:9)). (3) James the Less (Mark 15:4040There were also women looking on afar off: among whom was Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James the less and of Joses, and Salome; (Mark 15:40)). May be same as 4. (4) another Apostle, son of Alphaeus (Matt. 10:33Philip, and Bartholomew; Thomas, and Matthew the publican; James the son of Alpheus, and Lebbeus, whose surname was Thaddeus; (Matthew 10:3); Mark 3:1818And Andrew, and Philip, and Bartholomew, and Matthew, and Thomas, and James the son of Alpheus, and Thaddeus, and Simon the Canaanite, (Mark 3:18); Luke 6:1515Matthew and Thomas, James the son of Alpheus, and Simon called Zelotes, (Luke 6:15)). Doubtless the author of the Epistle of James, It was written before A. D. 62 to the scattered Jews, urging good works as evidence of faith.

“James, Son of Zebedee” From Concise Bible Dictionary:

One of the twelve apostles, and brother of John the apostle. He was a fisherman, and was called to the apostleship while mending his nets. He at once forsook all and followed the Lord (Matt. 4:2121And going on from thence, he saw other two brethren, James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, in a ship with Zebedee their father, mending their nets; and he called them. (Matthew 4:21); Matt. 10:22Now the names of the twelve apostles are these; The first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother; James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother; (Matthew 10:2); Mark 1:19, 2919And when he had gone a little further thence, he saw James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, who also were in the ship mending their nets. (Mark 1:19)
29And forthwith, when they were come out of the synagogue, they entered into the house of Simon and Andrew, with James and John. (Mark 1:29); Luke 5:1010And so was also James, and John, the sons of Zebedee, which were partners with Simon. And Jesus said unto Simon, Fear not; from henceforth thou shalt catch men. (Luke 5:10); Luke 6:1414Simon, (whom he also named Peter,) and Andrew his brother, James and John, Philip and Bartholomew, (Luke 6:14); Acts 1:1313And when they were come in, they went up into an upper room, where abode both Peter, and James, and John, and Andrew, Philip, and Thomas, Bartholomew, and Matthew, James the son of Alpheus, and Simon Zelotes, and Judas the brother of James. (Acts 1:13)). James and his brother were named by the Lord BOANERGES, “sons of thunder.” He with John asked if they should call down fire from heaven on the Samaritans (Luke 9:5454And when his disciples James and John saw this, they said, Lord, wilt thou that we command fire to come down from heaven, and consume them, even as Elias did? (Luke 9:54)).
Peter, James, and John were privileged by the Lord to attend Him on several occasions, as on the mount of transfiguration (Matt. 17:11And after six days Jesus taketh Peter, James, and John his brother, and bringeth them up into an high mountain apart, (Matthew 17:1); Mark 5:3737And he suffered no man to follow him, save Peter, and James, and John the brother of James. (Mark 5:37); Mark 9:22And after six days Jesus taketh with him Peter, and James, and John, and leadeth them up into an high mountain apart by themselves: and he was transfigured before them. (Mark 9:2); Mark 13:33And as he sat upon the mount of Olives over against the temple, Peter and James and John and Andrew asked him privately, (Mark 13:3); Mark 14:3333And he taketh with him Peter and James and John, and began to be sore amazed, and to be very heavy; (Mark 14:33); Luke 8:5151And when he came into the house, he suffered no man to go in, save Peter, and James, and John, and the father and the mother of the maiden. (Luke 8:51); Luke 9:2828And it came to pass about an eight days after these sayings, he took Peter and John and James, and went up into a mountain to pray. (Luke 9:28)). The mother of James and John requested that her two sons might sit, the one on the right hand and the other on the left of the Lord in His kingdom. This raised the indignation of the other disciples; but the Lord taught them all a lesson of humility: He Himself had come to minister and to give His life a ransom for many (Matt. 20:2020Then came to him the mother of Zebedee's children with her sons, worshipping him, and desiring a certain thing of him. (Matthew 20:20)). James was killed by Herod Agrippa I. about A.D. 43 (Acts 12:22And he killed James the brother of John with the sword. (Acts 12:2)). The “James” referred to in 1 Corinthians 15:77After that, he was seen of James; then of all the apostles. (1 Corinthians 15:7) may be this apostle.

“James, Son of Alphaeus” From Concise Bible Dictionary:

One of the twelve apostles (Matt. 10:33Philip, and Bartholomew; Thomas, and Matthew the publican; James the son of Alpheus, and Lebbeus, whose surname was Thaddeus; (Matthew 10:3); Mark 3:1818And Andrew, and Philip, and Bartholomew, and Matthew, and Thomas, and James the son of Alpheus, and Thaddeus, and Simon the Canaanite, (Mark 3:18); Luke 6:1515Matthew and Thomas, James the son of Alpheus, and Simon called Zelotes, (Luke 6:15); Acts 1:1313And when they were come in, they went up into an upper room, where abode both Peter, and James, and John, and Andrew, Philip, and Thomas, Bartholomew, and Matthew, James the son of Alpheus, and Simon Zelotes, and Judas the brother of James. (Acts 1:13)). These are the only passages where with certainty this apostle is spoken of; but we find in the Acts of the Apostles a James at Jerusalem after the son of Zebedee had been killed, and holding a sort of first place there. He spoke with a measure of authority at the conference respecting the law not being enforced on the Gentiles, saying, “My sentence is ... ” This suggests that he was an apostle, and the son of Alphaeus (Acts 12:1717But he, beckoning unto them with the hand to hold their peace, declared unto them how the Lord had brought him out of the prison. And he said, Go show these things unto James, and to the brethren. And he departed, and went into another place. (Acts 12:17); Acts 15:1313And after they had held their peace, James answered, saying, Men and brethren, hearken unto me: (Acts 15:13); Acts 21:1818And the day following Paul went in with us unto James; and all the elders were present. (Acts 21:18); Gal. 2:9,129And when James, Cephas, and John, who seemed to be pillars, perceived the grace that was given unto me, they gave to me and Barnabas the right hands of fellowship; that we should go unto the heathen, and they unto the circumcision. (Galatians 2:9)
12For before that certain came from James, he did eat with the Gentiles: but when they were come, he withdrew and separated himself, fearing them which were of the circumcision. (Galatians 2:12)). He was most probably the writer of the Epistle of James, and the brother of Jude, or Judas, who was also an apostle (Luke 6:1616And Judas the brother of James, and Judas Iscariot, which also was the traitor. (Luke 6:16); James 1:11James, a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ, to the twelve tribes which are scattered abroad, greeting. (James 1:1); Jude 11Jude, the servant of Jesus Christ, and brother of James, to them that are sanctified by God the Father, and preserved in Jesus Christ, and called: (Jude 1)).

“James, the Lord's Brother” From Concise Bible Dictionary:

Though the word ἀδελφός is used in the LXX in a wider sense than “brother,” it has been judged that its use in the New Testament is restricted to those born of the same mother; and therefore the Lord’s brother could not have been the same person as the son of Alphaeus. Nor is it probable that he was one of the twelve apostles, for we read that “neither did his brethren believe in him” (John 7:55For neither did his brethren believe in him. (John 7:5)). The first mention of the Lord’s brethren being with the apostles is in Acts 1:1414These all continued with one accord in prayer and supplication, with the women, and Mary the mother of Jesus, and with his brethren. (Acts 1:14), and there they are referred to as distinct from them. James the Lord’s brother was seen at Jerusalem by Paul (Gal. 1:1919But other of the apostles saw I none, save James the Lord's brother. (Galatians 1:19)). The being thus designated distinguishes him from the apostle who is simply called James in Galatians 2:9, 129And when James, Cephas, and John, who seemed to be pillars, perceived the grace that was given unto me, they gave to me and Barnabas the right hands of fellowship; that we should go unto the heathen, and they unto the circumcision. (Galatians 2:9)
12For before that certain came from James, he did eat with the Gentiles: but when they were come, he withdrew and separated himself, fearing them which were of the circumcision. (Galatians 2:12). Learned authorities state that in Galatians 1:1919But other of the apostles saw I none, save James the Lord's brother. (Galatians 1:19) the construction of the passage in the Greek does not necessarily imply that James the Lord’s brother was an apostle. He is mentioned also in Matthew 13:5555Is not this the carpenter's son? is not his mother called Mary? and his brethren, James, and Joses, and Simon, and Judas? (Matthew 13:55) and Mark 6:33Is not this the carpenter, the son of Mary, the brother of James, and Joses, and of Juda, and Simon? and are not his sisters here with us? And they were offended at him. (Mark 6:3).

“James the Less” From Concise Bible Dictionary:

Strong’s Dictionary of Greek Words:

Number:
2385 (find all occurrences in KJV Bible)
Greek:
Ἰάκωβος
Transliteration:
Iakobos
Phonic:
ee-ak’-o-bos
Meaning:
the same as 2384 Graecized; Jacobus, the name of three Israelites
KJV Usage:
James

Jackson’s Dictionary of Scripture Proper Names:

Greek form of Jacob

Potts’ Bible Proper Names:

He held the heel; supplanter:―name of three Israelites [JACOB], Matt. 10:2. {Calcaneum tenebat; Jacobus}