Boyd's Bible Dictionary: J

(heard of God). (1) A Hebrew captain (2 Kings 25:23). (2) A denounced prince (Ezek. 11:1). (3) Son of Jeremiah (Jer. 35:3). (4) Son of Shaphan (Ezek. 8:11).

Jaazer, Jazer

(helped). City and province of Gilead (Num. 21:32; 32:1; Josh. 21:39; 1 Chron. 26:31).

Jaaziah

(comforted). A Levite (1 Chron. 24:26-27).

Jaaziel

(comforted). A temple musician (1 Chron. 15:18).

Jabal

(stream). Son of Lamech (Gen. 4:20).

Jabbok

(flowing). A tributary of Jordan, on east side; and northern boundary of Ammon (Gen. 32:22; Num. 21:24; Deut. 2:37).

Jabesh

(dry). (1) King Shallum’s father (2 Kings 15:10,13). (2) Jabesh-gilead, a city of Gilead (Judg. 21:8-14; 1 Sam. 11:1-11; 31:1-13).

Jabez

(sorrow). Persons or places (1 Chron. 2:55; 4:9-10).

Jabin

(observed). (1) King of Hazor (Josh. 11:1-14). (2) Another king of Hazor, defeated by Barak (Judg. 4:2-24).

Jabneel

(building of God). (1) Stronghold in Judah (Josh. 15:11); Jabneh (2 Chron. 26:6). (2) Place in Naphtali (Josh. 19:33).

Jabneh

[JABNEEL

Jachan

(affliction). A Gadite (1 Chron. 5:13).

Jachin

(established). (1) A temple pillar (1 Kings 7:21; 2 Chron. 3:17). (2) Fourth son of Simeon (Gen. 46:10). (3) Head of 21st priestly course (1 Chron. 9:10; 24:17).

Jachinites

Descendants of Jachin

(Num. 26:12).

Jacinth

(hyacinth). Zircon, a vari-colored gem (Rev. 9:17; 21:20).

Jacob

(supplanter). Son of Isaac and second born twin with Esau (Gen. 25:24-34). Bought Esau’s birthright, fled to Padanaram, married Rachel and Leah, wandered to Hebron, name changed to Israel, drifted to Egypt, where he died, aged 147 years (Gen. 25-50).

Jada

(knowing). A Judahite (1 Chron. 2:28,32).

Jadau

(loving). Son of Nebo (Ezra 10:43).

Jaddua

(known). (1) A co-covenanter (Neh. 10:21). (2) High priest, and last mentioned in O. T. (Neh. 12:11,22).

Jadon

(judge). Assistant wall builder (Neh. 3:7).

Jael

(goat). Heber’s wife; murderess of Sisera (Judg. 4:17-23; 5).

Jagur

(lodging). Southern town of Judah (Josh. 15:21).

Jah

Jehovah, in poetry

(Psa. 68:4).

Jahath

(united). (1) A Judahite (1 Chron. 4:2). (2) Four Levites (1 Chron. 6:20; 23:10-11; 24:22; 2 Chron. 34:12).

Jahaz

(trodden). Place in Moab where Moses conquered the Ammonites (Num. 21:23-24; Deut. 2:32).

Jahaza

(Josh. 13:18). [JAHAZ.]

Jahazah

(Josh. 21:36). [JAHAZ.]

Jahaziah

(seen of God). A priest (Ezra 10:15).

Jahaziel

(seen of God). (1) A Benjamite (1 Chron. 12:4). (2) A trumpeter (1 Chron. 16:6). (3) A Levite (1 Chron. 23:19; 24:23). (4) A Levite (2 Chron. 20:14). (5) His sons returned (Ezra 8:5).

Jahdai

(directed). A Judahite (1 Chron. 2:47).

Jahdiel

(joyful). A Manassite (1 Chron. 5:24).

Jahdo

(united). A Gadite (1 Chron. 5:14).

Jahleel

(hoping). Founder of Jahleelites (Gen. 46:14; Num. 26:26).

Jahmai

(guarded). Son of Tola (1 Chron. 7:2).

Jahzah

(1 Chron. 6:78). [JAHAZ.]

Jahzeel

(allotted). Founder of the Jahzeelites (Gen. 46:24; Num. 26:48).

Jahzerah

(led back). A priest (1 Chron. 9:12).

Jahziel

(1 Chron. 7:13). [JAHZEEL.]

Jair

(enlightened). (1) Conqueror of Argob and part of Gilead (Nun. 32:41; Deut. 3:14). (2) A judge of Israel (Judg. 10:3-5). (3) A Benjamite (Esth. 2:5). (4) Father of Elhanan (1 Chron. 20:5).

Jairite

Ira so called

(2 Sam. 20:26).

Jairus

(enlightened). Ruler of a synagogue (Luke 8:41).

Jakan

(thoughtful). A Horite (1 Chron. 1:42). [JAAKAN, AKAN.]

Jakeh

(pious). Father of Agur (Prov. 30:1).

Jakim

(confirmed). (1) Head of 12th course (1 Chron. 24:12). (2) A Benjamite (1 Chron. 8:19).

Jalon

(tarrying). A Judahite (1 Chron. 4:17).

Jambres

An Egyptian magician

(Ex. 7:9-13; 2 Tim. 3:8-9).

James

(Jacob). (1) “The Greater” or “Elder,” son of Zebedee and brother of John (Matt. 4:21-22). A fisherman of Galilee, called to the Apostolate about A. D. 28, and styled Boanerges (Matt. 10:2-3; Mark 3:14-18; Luke 6:12-16; Acts 1:13). Labored at Jerusalem. Beheaded by Herod, A. D. 44. (2) Christ’s brother (Gal. 1:9). (3) James the Less (Mark 15:40). May be same as 4. (4) another Apostle, son of Alphaeus (Matt. 10:3; Mark 3:18; Luke 6:15). Doubtless the author of the Epistle of James, It was written before A. D. 62 to the scattered Jews, urging good works as evidence of faith.

Jamin

(right hand). (1) Founder of Jaminites (Gen. 46:10; Ex. 6:16; Num. 26:12). A Judahite (1 Chron. 2:27). (3) Ezra’s assistant (Neh. 8:7).

Jamlech

(reigning). A Simeonite chief (1 Chron. 4:34).

Janna

(God-given). Ancestor of Christ (Luke 3:24).

Jannes

An Egyptian magician

(2 Tim. 3:8-9; Ex. 7:9-13).

Janoah

(rest). Town of Naphtali (2 Kings 15:29).

Janohah

(rest). Border town of Ephraim (Josh. 16:6-7).

Janum

(sleeping). Town of Judah (Josh. 15:53).

Japheth

(enlarged). Son of Noah (Gen. 5:32; 6:10; 9:27; 10:21). His generations peopled the “isles of the Gentiles,” and type the Indo-European and Caucasian races (Gen. 10:1-5).

Japhia

(splendor). (1) A border of Zebulun (Josh. 19:12). (2) King of Lachish (Josh. 10:3). (3) A son of David (2 Sam. 5:15; 1 Chron. 3:7).

Japhlet

(delivered). An Asherite (1 Chron. 7:32-33).

Japhleti

Landmark of Ephraim

(Josh. 16:3).

Japho

(Josh. 19:46). [JOPPA.]

Jarah

(honey). Son of Micah (1 Chron. 9:42).

Jareb

(enemy). Unknown person or place (Hos. 5:13; 10:6).

Jared

(descent). Father of Enoch (Gen. 5:15-20; Luke 3:37).

Jaresiah

(nourished). A Benjamite (1 Chron. 8:27).

Jarha

An Egyptian servant

(1 Chron. 2:34-35).

Jarib

(enemy). (1) A Simeonite (1 Chron. 4:24). (2) One who returned (Ezra 8:16). (3) A priest (Ezra 10:18).

Jarmuth

(high). (1) Town of lower Judah (Josh. 10:3; 15:35). (2) A Levitical city of Issachar (Josh. 21:29).

Jaroah

(moon). A Gadite (1 Chron. 5:14).

Jashen

(sleeping). His sons were in David’s guard (2 Sam. 23:32).

Jasher

(upright). Book of, wholly lost (Josh. 10:13; 2 Sam. 1:18).

Jashobeam

(turned to). A chief of David’s captains (1 Chron. 11:11; 12:6; 27:2). Adino (2 Sam. 23:8).

Jashub

(he turns). (1) Founder of Jashubites (Num. 26:24; 1 Chron. 7:1; used as Job in Gen. 46:13). (2) Son of Bani (Ezra 10:29).

Jashubi-lehem

(turning back for food). Person or place of Judah (1 Chron. 4:22).

Jasiel

(created). One of David’s heroes (1 Chron. 11:47).

Jason

(healer). A friend of Paul (Acts 17:5-9).

Jasper

A colored quartz

Last stone in high priest’s breastplate, and first in New Jerusalem foundation (Ex. 28:20; Rev. 21:19).

Jathniel

(God-given). A Levite (1 Chron. 26:2).

Jattir

(prominent). Town of south Judah (Josh. 15:48; 21:14; 1 Sam. 30:27).

Javan

(clay). (1) Fourth son of Japheth, and type of Ionians and Grecians (Gen. 10:2-5; 1 Chron. 1:5-7). (2) An Arabian trading post (Ezek. 27:13,19).

Javelin

A short, light spear

[ARMS.]

Jazer

(Num. 32:1-3; Josh. 21:39). [JAAZER.]

Jaziz

(moved). Herdsman of David (1 Chron. 27:31).

Jearim

(woods). Border mountain of Judah (Josh. 15:10).

Jeaterai

(led). A Levite (1 Chron. 6:21).

Jeberechiah

(blessed). Father of Zechariah (Isa. 8:2).

Jebus

(threshing floor). Original name of Jerusalem; the “threshing floor” of the Jebushi or Jebusites (Josh. 15:8; 18:16,28; Judg. 19:10-11; 1 Chron. 11:4-5).

Jebusite, Jebusi

Original people of Jebus

(Deut. 7:1; Josh. 11:3; 2 Sam. 5:6-10; 24:16-25).

Jecamiah

(gathered). One of David’s line (1 Chron. 3:18).

Jecholiah

(enabled). Mother of King Azariah (2 Kings 15:2). Jecoliah (2 Chron. 26:3).

Jechonias

(Matt. 1:11-12; Esther 11:4). Greek form of Jeconiah and Jehoiachin.

Jecoliah

(2 Chron. 26:3). [JECHOLIAH.]

Jechoniah

(1 Chron. 3:16; Jer. 24:1). [JEHOIACHIN.]

Jedaiah

(praise God). (1) Head of 2d temple course (1 Chron. 24:7). (2) A priest (Zech. 6:10-14). (3) A Simeonite (1 Chron. 4:37). (4) A wall-repairer (Neh. 3:10).

Jediael

(known of God). (1) A Benjamite (1 Chron. 7:6-11). (2) One of David’s guard (1 Chron. 11:45). (3) A Manassite chief (1 Chron. 12:20). (4) A Levite (1 Chron. 26:1-2).

Jedidah

(beloved). Mother of King Josiah (2 Kings 22:1).

Jedidiah

(beloved of God). Name given to Solomon by Nathan (2 Sam. 12:25).

Jeduthun

(praising). A leader of the temple choir (1 Chron. 25:6; Psa. 39; 62; 77, title).

Jeezer

(father of help). A Manassite (Num. 26:30). Abiezer, elsewhere.

Jeezerites

Descendants of above

Jegar-sahadutha

(testimonial heap). Heap of compact between Jacob and Laban (Gen. 31:47).

Jehaleleel

(who praises). A Judahite (1 Chron. 4:16).

Jehalelel

(who praises). A Levite (2 Chron. 29:12).

Jehdeiah

(made joyful). (1) A Levite (1 Chron. 24:20). (2) David’s herdsman (1 Chron. 27:30).

Jehezekel

(made strong). Head of the 20th priestly course (1 Chron. 24:16).

Jehiah

(God lives). A doorkeeper of the ark (1 Chron. 15:24).

Jehiel

(God lives). (1) A Levite (1 Chron. 15:18,20). (2) A treasurer (1 Chron. 23:8). (3) Son of Jehoshaphat (2 Chron. 21:2). (4) An officer of David (1 Chron. 27:32). (5) A Levite (2 Chron. 29:14). (6) Ruler of God’s house (2 Chron. 35:8). (7) An overseer (2 Chron. 31:13). (8) Returned captives (Ezra 8:9; 10:2,21,26).

Jehiel

(treasured). (1) Father of Gibeon (1 Chron. 9:35). (2) One of David’s guard (1 Chron. 11:44).

Jehieli

A Levite family

(1 Chron. 26:21-22).

Jehizkiah

(strengthened). An Ephraimite (2 Chron. 28:12).

Jehoadah

(adorned). A descendant of Saul (1 Chron. 8:36).

Jehoaddan

(adorned). Mother of King Amaziah (2 Kings 14:2; 2 Chron. 25:1).

Jehoahaz

(possession). (1) Son and successor of Jehu on throne of Israel, B. C. 856-840 (2 Kings 13:1-9). Reign disastrous. (2) Son and successor of Josiah on throne of Judah. Reigned 3 months, B. C. 610. Called Shallum. Deposed and died in Egypt (Jer. 22:11-12). (3) Ahaziah, Azariah (2 Chron. 21:17; 22:1,6).

Jehoash

[JOASH

Jehohanan

(God-given). (1) A temple porter (1 Chron. 26:3). (2) A general of Judah (2 Chron. 17:15; 23:1). (3) Returned Levites (Ezra 10:28; Neh. 12:13,42).

Jehoiachin

(God-appointed). Jeconiah (1 Chron. 3:17); Coniah (Jer. 22:24); Jechonias (Matt. 1:12). Son and successor of Jehoiakim on throne of Judah. Reigned 100 days, B. C. 697; carried prisoner to Babylon; released after 36 years’ captivity (2 Kings 24:6-16; Jer. 29:2; Ezek. 17:12).

Jehoiada

(known of God). (1) Father of Benaiah (2 Sam. 8:18; 1 Kings 1; 2) (2) An Aaronite leader (1 Chron. 12:27). (3) No doubt same as (1) (1 Chron. 27:34). (4) High priest and religious reformer under Athaliah and Joash (2 Kings 11:4-21; 12:1-16). (5) Second priest, or sagan (Jer. 29:25-29). (6) A wall-repairer (Neh. 3:6).

Jehoiakim

(God-established). Eliakim, son of Josiah; name changed to Jehoiakim; successor to Jehoahaz, and 19th king of Judah, B. C. 609-598. Nearly entire reign one of vassalage to Egypt or Babylon (2 Kings 23:34-37; 24:1-6; Jer. 22:18-19; 36:30-32).

Jehoiarib

(God-defended). Head of 1st temple course (1 Chron. 24:7).

Jehonadab, Jonadab

(God-impelled). Son of Rechab, and adherent of Jehu (2 Kgs. 10:15-23; Jer. 35:6).

Jehonathan

(God-given). (1) David’s storehouse keeper (1 Chron. 27:25). (2) A Levite teacher (2 Chron. 17:8). (3) A priest (Neh. 12:18).

Jehoram, Joram

(God-exalted). (1) Son of Ahab and successor to Ahaziah on throne of Israel, B. C. 896-884. Victoriously allied with Judah, but defeated and slain in Jehu’s revolt. Last of Ahab’s line (1 Kings 21:21-29; 22:50; 2 Kings 1:17-18; 2-9). (2) Son and successor of Jehoshaphat on throne of Judah, B. C. 893-885. Murderer and Baal worshipper. Reign calamitous. Died a terrible death (2 Chron. 21).

Jehoshabeath

(2 Chron. 22:11). [JEHOSHEBA.]

Jehoshaphat

(judged of God). (1) Recorder under David and Solomon (2 Sam. 8:16; 1 Kings 4:3). (2) A trumpeter (1 Chron. 15:24). (3) Solomon’s purveyor (1 Kings 4:17). (4) Father of Jehu (2 Kings 9:2-14). (5) Valley of Cedron, or else a visionary spot (Joel 3:2-12). (6) Son and successor of Asa on throne of Judah, B. C. 914-890. A God-fearing king, in close alliance with Israel (1 Kings 15:24; 2 Kings 8:16; 2 Chron. 17-21:1).

Jehosheba

(oath of God). Daughter of king Joram and wife of Jehoiada, the high priest (2 Kings 11:2; 2 Chron. 22:11).

Jehoshua

Full form of Joshua

(Num. 13:16); Jehoshuah (1 Chron. 7:27).

Jehovah

“He that is

“I am” (Ex. 3:14). The self-existent and eternal one. Hebrew word for God, generally rendered “Lord.” Not pronounced; but Adonai, “Lord,” or Elohim, “God,” substituted (Ex. 6:3). [GOD.]

Jehovah-jireh

(God will provide). Abraham’s name for spot where Isaac offered (Gen. 22:14).

Jehovah-nissi

(God my banner). The altar built in honor of Joshua’s victory (Ex. 17:15).

Jehovah-shalom

(God is peace). Gideon’s altar in Ophrah (Judg. 6:24).

Jehozabad

(God-given). (1) A storekeeper and porter (1 Chron. 26:4). (2) Co-murderer of King Joash (2 Kings 12:21). (3) A Benjamite captain (2 Chron. 17:18).

Jehozadak

(God justifies). Captive father of Jeshua, the high priest (1 Chron. 6:14-15; Ezra 3:2).

Jehu

(who exists). (1) Prophet of Judah (1 Kings 16:1-7). (2) Tenth king of Israel B. C. 884-856. He extirpated Ahab’s line according to the prophecies (1 Kings 19:16-17; 2 Kings 9; 10). (3) A Judahite (1 Chron. 2:38). (4) A Simeonite (1 Chron. 4:35). (5) A Benjamite (1 Chron. 12:3).

Jehubbah

(hidden). All Asherite (1 Chron. 7:34).

Jehucal

(mighty). Messenger to Jeremiah (Jer. 37:3).

Jehud

(famed). Town of Dan (Josh. 19:45).

Jehudi

(Jew). A messenger (Jer. 36:14-23).

Jehudijah

(Jewess). Mother of Jered (1 Chron. 4:18).

Jehush

(collector). Son of Eshek (1 Chron. 8:39).

Jeiel

(God’s treasure). (1) Reubenite chief (1 Chron. 5:7). (2) Levites (1 Chron. 15:18; 2 Chron. 20:14; 26:11; 29:13; 35:9; Ezra 8:13; 10:43).

Jekabzeel

(gathered). Kabzeel, in south Judah (Neh. 11:25; Josh. 15:21; 2 Sam. 23:20).

Jekameam

(who gathers). A Levite (1 Chron. 23:19; 24:23).

Jekamiah

(gathered). A Judahite (1 Chron. 2:41).

Jekuthiel

(piety). A Judahite (1 Chron. 4:18).

Jemima

(dove). Job’s daughter (Job 42:14).

Jemuel

(God’s day). A Simeonite (Gen. 46:10; Ex. 6:15).

Jephthae

(Heb. 11:32). Greek form of Jephthah.

Jephthah

(set free). A judge of Israel, B. C. 1143-1137 (Judg. 11, 12).

Jephunneh

(favorably regarded). (1) Father of Caleb the spy (Num. 13:6). (2) An Asherite (1 Chron. 7:38).

Jerah

(moon). Son of Joktan (Gen. 10:26; 1 Chron. 1:20).

Jerahmeel

(God’s mercy). (1) Son of Hezron (1 Chron. 2:9,42). (2) A Levite (1 Chron. 24:29). (3) An official of Jehoiakim (Jer. 36:26).

Jerahmeelites

Descendants of above

(1) (1 Sam. 27:10).

Jered

(descent). (1) Father of Enoch (1 Chron. 1:2). (2) A Judahite (1 Chron. 4:18).

Jeremai

(mountaineer). A layman (Ezra 10:33).

Jeremiah

(exalted). (1) Second of greater prophets. His prophecies cover reigns of Josiah, Jehoiakim, and Zedekiah, B. C. 628-586, and constitute the 24th O. T. book. Life one of vicissitude. Prophecies noted for boldness and beauty, and chiefly denunciative of Judah and her policy. Withdrew to Egypt, where he probably died. (2) Seven others in O. T. (2 Kings 23:31; 1 Chron. 12:4-13; 5:24; Neh. 10:2; 12:1,12,34; Jer. 35:3).

Jeremias, Jeremy

Greek form of Jeremiah

(Matt. 2:17; 16:14; 27:9).

Jeremoth

(heights). Persons in 1 Chron. 8:14; 23:23; 25:22; Ezra 10:26-27.

Jeriah

(founded). A chief of the house of Hebron (1 Chron. 23:19; 24:23).

Jeribai

(defended). One of David’s guard (1 Chron. 11:46).

Jericho

(fragrance). Ancient city of Canaan; 5 miles W. of Jordan and 18 from Jerusalem. Strongly fortified, and conquered by Joshua. Fell to Benjamin (Deut. 34:3; Num. 22:1; Josh. 6; 16:7; 18:21; 1 Kings 16:34; Matt. 20:29; Mark 10:46).

Jeriel

(founded). An Issacharite (1 Chron. 7:2).

Jerijah

(1 Chron. 26:31). [JERIAH.]

Jerimoth

(heights). Persons (1 Chron. 7:8; 12:5; 24:30; 25:4,22; 27:19; 2 Chron. 11:18; 31:13).

Jerioth

(curtains). Caleb’s wife (1 Chron. 2:18).

Jeroboam

(many peopled). (1) First king of Israel after the division, B. C. 975-954. Plotter for Solomon’s throne (1 Kings 11:26-40); fled to Egypt; returned on death of Solomon; set up kingdom of ten tribes; established idolatry; warred with Judah; defeated by Abijah; soon after died (1 Kings 12-14; 2 Chron. 10-13). (2) Jeroboam II, 13th king of Israel. Successor to Joash. Reigned B. C. 825-784. Idolatrous, but mighty and illustrious. Raised Israel to greatest splendor (2 Kings 14:23-29; 15:8-9; Amos 1:1; 2:6-16).

Jeroham

(cherished). (1) Father of Elkanah (1 Sam. 1:1; 1 Chron. 6:27). (2) A Benjamite (1 Chron. 8:27; 9:8). (3) Father of Adaiah (1 Chron. 9:12). (4) Others (1 Chron. 12:7; 27:22; 2 Chron. 23:1).

Jerubbaal

(contender with Bual). Surname of Gideon (Judg. 6:32).

Jerubbesheth

(strife with the idol). Another surname of Gideon (2 Sam. 11:21).

Jeruel

(founded). Unknown battlefield (2 Chron. 20:16).

Jerusalem

(place of peace). Capital of Hebrew monarchy and of kingdom of Judah, 24 miles west of Jordan and 37 east of the Mediterranean. “Salem” (Psa. 76:2), and perhaps (Gen. 14:18). “Jebus” (Judg. 19:10-11). “Jebus-salem,” Jerusalem (Josh. 10:1). “City of David,” Zion (1 Kings 8:1; 2 Kings 14:20). “City of Judah” (2 Chron. 25:28). “City of God” (Psa. 46:4). “City of the great King” (Psa. 48:2). “The holy city” (Neh. 11:1). Captured and rebuilt by David, and made his capital (2 Sam. 5:6-13; 1 Chron. 11:4-9). Destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar, B. C. 588. Rebuilt by returned captives. Captured by Alexander the Great, B. C. 332; by Antiochus, B. C. 203; by Rome, B. C. 63.

Jerusalem, New

The church seen in her millennial glory as the bride, the Lamb’s wife

(Rev. 3:12; 21; compare Gal. 4:26; Heb. 12:22).

Jerusha

(possessed). Daughter of Zadok (2 Kings 15:33). Jerushah (2 Chron. 27:1).

Jesaiah

(saved). (1) Grandson of Zerubbabel (1 Chron. 3:21). (2) A Benjamite (Neh. 11:7).

Jeshaiah

(God’s help). (1) Head of 8th singing course (1 Chron. 25:3,15). (2) A Levite (1 Chron. 26:25). Isshiah (1 Chron. 24:21). (3) Two who returned (Ezra 8:7,19).

Jeshanah

(old). Unidentified town (2 Chron. 13:19).

Jesharelah

(right). Head of 7th singing course (1 Chron. 25:14). Assrelah (1 Chron. 25:2).

Jeshebeab

(father’s seat). Head of 14th priestly course (1 Chron. 24:13).

Jesher

(right). Son of Caleb (1 Chron. 2:18).

Jeshimon

(waste). Perhaps desert or plain (Num. 21:20; 23:28).

Jeshishai

(ancient). A Gadite (1 Chron. 5:14).

Jeshohaiah

(bowed). A Simeonite (1 Chron. 4:36).

Jeshua

(saviour). (1) Joshua (Neh. 8:17). (2) Priest of 9th course (Ezra 2:36; Neh. 7:39). Jeshuah (1 Chron. 24:11). (3) A Levite (2 Chron. 31:15). (4) High priest and returned captive, called also Joshua and Jesus (Zech. 3; 6:9-15). (5) Other Levites and returned captives (Ezra 2:6,40; 8:33; Neh. 3:19; 8:7). (6) A town peopled by returned captives (Neh. 11:26).

Jeshurun

(blessed). Symbolically, Israel (Deut. 32:15; 33:5,26). Jesurun (Isa. 44:2).

Jesiah

(loaned). (1) One of David’s warriors (1 Chron. 12:6). (2) Jeshaiah (1 Chron. 23:20).

Jesimiel

(set up). A Simeonite (1 Chron. 4:36).

Jesse

(strong). Father of David (1 Sam. 16:1-48).

Jesui

(level). Founder of Jesuites (Num. 26:44). Isui (Gen. 46:17). Ishuai (1 Chron. 7:30).

Jesus

(saviour). (1) Greek form of Joshua, Jeshua, contraction of Jehoshua (Num. 13:16; Acts 7:45). (2) Justus, Paul’s friend (Col. 4:11).

Jesus Christ

(Jehovah the Saviour, anointed). “For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon His shoulder: and His name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace” (Isa. 9:6). “And she shall bring forth a son, and thou shalt call His name JESUS: for He shall save His people from their sins” (Matt. 1:21). “Behold, a virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a son, and they shall call His name Emmanuel, which being interpreted is, God with us” (Matt. 1:23). “The power of the Highest shall overshadow thee: therefore also that holy thing which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of God” (Luke 1:35). “Whom do men say that I the Son of Man am?.... Simon Peter answered and said, Thou art the Christ, the Son of the living God” (Matt. 16:13,16).

Jether

(who excels). (1) Son of Gideon (Judg. 8:20). (2) Father of Amasa (1 Chron. 2:17). (3) Others (1 Chron. 2:32; 4:17; 7:38).

Jetheth

(nail). A duke of Edom (Gen. 36:40).

Jethlah

(high). City of Dan (Josh. 19:42).

Jethro

(his excellence). Honorary title (Ex. 3:1), of Reuel (Ex. 2:18), or Raguel (Num. 10:29), the father-in-law of Moses (Ex. 18).

Jetur

(Gen. 25:15; 1 Chron. 1:31). [ITURAEA.)

Jeuel

(treasured). A Judahite (1 Chron. 9:6).

Jeush

(assembler). (1) Son of Esau (Gen. 36:5,14,18). (2) A Benjamite (1 Chron. 7:10). (3) A Levite (1 Chron. 23:10-11). (4) Son of Rehoboam (2 Chron. 11:18-19).

Jeuz

(assembler). A. Benjamite (1 Chron. 8:10).

Jew

Contraction of Judah

Man of Judea (2 Kings 16:6; 25:25). After captivity, Hebrews in general (Ezra 4:12; Dan. 3:8-12). Antithesis of Christian in N. T. (John; Rom. 1:16).

Jewel

(joy). Ornament (Gen. 24:22; Num. 31:50).

Jewess

Hebrew woman

(Acts 16:1).

Jewry

Judah, Judea, Jewish dynasty

(Dan. 5:13).

Jezaniah

(heard). A Jewish captive (Jer. 40:7-12). Jaazaniah (2 Kings 25:23).

Jezebel

(chaste). Idolatrous wife of Ahab (1 Kings 16:29-33; 1 Kings 17-21; 2 Kings 9:30-37).

Jezer

(help). A Naphtalite (Gen. 46:24); founder of Jezerites (Num. 26:49).

Jeziah

(sprinkled). One with a foreign wife (Ezra 10:25).

Jeziel

(sprinkled). A Benjamite (1 Chron. 12:3).

Jezliah

(preserved). A Benjamite (1 Chron. 8:18).

Jezoar

(white). A Judahite (1 Chron. 4:7).

Jezrahiah

(brought forth). A Levite singer (Neh. 12:42).

Jezreel

(seed of God). (1) A Judahite (1 Chron. 4:3). (2) A city in plain of Jezreel. Arab’s royal residence (Josh. 19:18; 1 Kings 21:1; 2 Kings 9:30). (3) Valley of, stretches from Jezreel to Jordan. Greek form, Esdraelon. (4) Town of Judah (Josh. 15:56; 1 Sam. 27:3). (5) Son of Hosea (Hos. 1:4).

Jibsam

(pleasant). An Issacharite (1 Chron. 7:2).

Jidlaph

(weeping). Son of Nahor (Gen. 22:22).

Jimna

(prosperity). Son of Asher and founder of Jimnites (Num. 26:44). Jimnah (Gen. 46:17). Imnah (1 Chron. 7:30).

Jiphtah

Lowland city of Judah

(Josh. 15:43).

Jiphthah-el

(God opens). Valley between Zebulun and Asher (Josh. 19:14,27).

Joab

(God his father). (1) General-in-chief of David’s army (2 Sam. 2:18-32; 3; 18; 20; 24; 1 Kings 2). (2) Son of Seraiah (1 Chron. 4:14). (3) One who returned (Ezra 2:6).

Joah

(God’s brother). (1) Hezekiah’s recorder (2 Kings 18:18). (2) Josiah’s recorder (2 Chron. 34:8). (3) Levites (1 Chron. 6:21; 26:4; 2 Chron. 29:12).

Joahaz

(held of God). Father of Joah (2 Chron. 34:8).

Joanna

(God-given). (1) An ancestor of Christ (Luke 3:27). (2) Wife of Chusa (Luke 8:3; 24:10).

Joash

(God-given) (2 Kings 13:1). Jehoash (2 Kings 12:1). (1) Son of Ahaziah and his successor on throne of Judah, B. C. 878-839. Cruel and idolatrous. Murdered by his servants (2 Kings 11-12; 2 Chron. 24). (2) Son and successor of Jehoahaz on throne of Israel, B. C. 840-825. Successful warrior (2 Kings 13:9-25; 14:1-16; 2 Chron. 25:17-25). (3) Father of Gideon (Judg. 6:11-31). (4) Son of Ahab (2 Chron. 18:25). (5) A Judahite (1 Chron. 4:22). (6) One of David’s heroes (1 Chron. 12:3). (7) Son of Becher (1 Chron. 7:8). (8) Officer of David (1 Chron. 27:28).

Joatham

(Matt. 1:9). [JOTHAM.]

Job

(persecuted). (1) The “perfect and upright man” whose history is given in the book of Job. (2) Son of Issachar (Gen. 46:13). Jashub (1 Chron. 7:1). The book of Job may be the first book of the O.T. written. Job appears to have lived around the time of Abraham. God had in grace made Job to be a righteous man. He in pride wanted the credit for God’s work in him. By trials and friends God showed him his fault. He repented and was further blessed.

Jobab

(desert). (1) Son of Joktan (Gen. 10:29). (2) King of Edom (Gen. 36:33). (3) King of Madon (Josh. 11:1). (4) Two Benjamites (1 Chron. 8:9,18).

Jochebed

(glorified). Mother of Moses (Ex. 6:20; Num. 26:59).

Joed

(witnessed). A Benjamite (Neh. 11:7).

Joel

(Jehovah his God). (1) Son of Pethuel and second of minor prophets. Probably of Judah and contemporary with Uzziah, B. C. 810-758. His book, 29th of O. T., depicts calamities, rises into exhortation, and foreshadows the Messiah. (2) Son of Samuel (1 Sam. 8:2). (3) Others (1 Chron. 4:35; 5:4,8,12; 6:36; 7:3; 11:38; 15:7; 23:8; 27:20; 2 Chron. 29:12; Ezra 10:43; Neh. 11:9).

Joelah

(helped). A Benjamite chief (1 Chron. 12:7).

Joezer

(aided). A Benjamite (1 Chron. 12:6).

Jogbehah

(high). City of Gad, E. of Jordan (Num. 32:35).

Jogli

(exiled). A prince of Dan (Num. 34:22).

Joha

(given life). (1) A Benjamite (1 Chron. 8:16). (2) One of David’s guard (1 Chron. 11:45).

Johanan

(God’s mercy). (1) A Judahite captain who escaped captivity (2 Kings 25:23), and parried Jeremiah and other Jews into Egypt (Jer. 40-43). (2) Others (1 Chron. 3:15,24; 6:9-10; 12:4,12; 2 Chron. 28:12; Ezra 8:12; 10:6; Neh. 6:18).

John

(God’s gift). Johanan, contraction of Jehohanan. (1) Kinsman of the high priest (Acts 4:6). (2) Hebrew name of Mark (Acts 12:25; 13:5; 15:37). (3) John the Baptist, son of Zacharias. Birth foretold (Luke 1). Born about six months before Christ. Retired to wilderness. Emerged to preach and baptize. Baptized Jesus (Matt. 3). Imprisoned by Herod (Luke 3:1-22). Beheaded (Matt. 14:1-12). (4) John, Apostle and Evangelist; son of Zebedee (Matt. 4:21); a fisherman of Galilee (Luke 5:1-10); an apostle, noted for zeal and firmness (John 13:23; 19:26; 20:2; 21:7). He remained at Jerusalem till about A. D. 65, when he went to Ephesus. Banished to Patmos, and released A. D. 96. His writings, doubtless done at Ephesus, are the fourth Gospel, giving Christ’s ministry in Judea; his three epistles, and Revelation.

Joiada

(favored). A high priest (Neh. 12:10-11,22; 13:28).

Joiakim

(exalted). A high priest (Neh. 12:10).

Joiarib

(defended). Two who returned (Ezra 8:16; Neh. 12:6,19).

Jokdeam

(peopled). City of Judah (Josh. 15:56).

Jokim

(exalted. A Judahite (1 Chron. 4:22).

Jokmeam

(gathered). Levitical city in Ephraim (1 Chron. 6:68).

Jokneam

(gathered). Levitical city in Zebulun (Josh. 21:34).

Jokshan

(fowler). Son of Abraham (Gen. 25:2-3; 1 Chron. 1:32).

Joktan

(small). Son of Eber and progenitor of Joktanite Arabs (Gen. 10:25; 1 Chron. 1:19).

Joktheel

(subdued). (1) City in Judah (Josh. 15:38). (2) An Edomite stronghold (2 Kings 14:7).

Jona

(dove). Father of Apostle Peter (Matt. 16:17; John 1:42).

Jonadab

(God-impelled). (1) David’s subtle nephew (2 Sam. 13:3,32-35). (2) Jehonadab (Jer. 35:6-19).

Jonah

(dove). Son of Amittai. Commissioned to denounce Nineveh. His book 32d of O. T. and 5th of minor prophets, narrates his refusal, escape from drowning, final acceptance and successful ministry. Its lesson is God’s providence over all nations.

Jonan

(grace). Ancestor of Christ (Luke 3:30).

Jonas

Greek form of Jonah

(Matt. 12:39-41; Luke 11:30-32).

Jonathan

(God-given). (1) A Levite (Judg. 17:7-13; 18). (2) Eldest son of Saul, and friend of David (1 Sam. 13:2-3; 18:1-4; 19:1-7; 20). Fell in battle of Gilboa. David’s lament (2 Sam. 1:17-27). (3) Others (2 Sam. 15:27,36; 21:20-21; 23:32; 1 Chron. 2:32-33; 27:32; Ezra 8:6; 10:15; Neh. 12:11,14,35; Jer. 37:15,20; 40:8).

Jonath-elem-rechokim

(a dumb dove of distant places). Title to, and probably melody of Psalm 56.

Joppa

(beauty). Mediterranean seaport of Jerusalem; now Jaffa (1 Kings 5:9; 2 Chron. 2:16; Ezra 3:7).

Jorah

(rain). His family returned (Ezra 2:18).

Jorai

(taught of God). A Gadite chief (1 Chron. 5:13).

Joram

(exalted). (1) Short form of Jehoram, king of Israel (2 Kings 8:16); and of Jehoram, king of Judah (2 Kings 8:21; Matt. 1:8). (2) Son of Toi (2 Sam. 8:10). (3) A Levite (1 Chron. 26:25).

Jordan

(descender). Chief river of Palestine, rising in the Anti-Libanus range, flowing southward, enlarging into Sea of Galilee, emptying into Dead Sea. A swift, narrow, yet fordable stream, with an entire course of about 200 miles (Gen. 13:10; Josh. 2:7; Judg. 3:28; 2 Sam. 10:17; Matt. 3:13).

Jorim

(exalted). An ancestor of Christ (Luke 3:29).

Jorkoam

A person or place

(1 Chron. 2:44).

Josabad

(dowered). One of David’s warriors (1 Chron. 12:4).

Josaphat

(Matt. 1:8). [JEHOSHAPHAT.]

Jose

An ancestor of Christ

(Luke 3:29).

Josedech

(Hag. 1:1). [JEHOZADAK.]

Joseph

(increase). (1) Son of Jacob and Rachel (Gen. 37:3); sold into Egypt; promoted to high office by the Pharaoh; rescued his family from famine; settled them in Goshen; died at advanced age; bones carried back to Shechem (Gen. 37-50). (2) An Issacharite (Num. 13:7). (3) Two who returned (Ezra 10:42; Neh. 12:14). (4) Three of Christ’s ancestors (Luke 3:24,26,30). (5) Husband of Mary, and a carpenter at Nazareth (Matt. 1:19; 13:55; Luke 3:23; John 1:45). (6) Of Arimathea, a member of the Sanhedrim, who acknowledged Christ (Matt. 27:57-59; Mark 15.43; Luke 23:51). (7) The apostle Barsabas, substituted for Judas (Acts 1:23).

Joses

(helped). (1) One of Christ’s brethren (Matt. 13:55; 27:56; Mark 6:3; 15:40,47). (2) Barnabas (Acts 4:36).

Joshah

(dwelling). A Simeonite chief (1 Chron. 4:34).

Joshaphat

(judged). One of David’s guard (1 Chron. 11:43).

Joshaviah

(dwelling). One of David’s guard (1 Chron. 11:46).

Joshbekashah

(hard seat). Head of 17th musical course (1 Chron. 25:4,24).

Joshua

(saviour). (1) Jehoshuah (1 Chron. 7:27). Oshea (Num. 13:8). Jesus (Acts 7:45; Heb. 4:8). Son of Nun, of tribe of Ephraim. The great warrior of the Israelites during the desert wanderings and conquest and apportionment of Canaan (Ex. 17:9-14; 1 Chron. 7:27; Num. 13:8,16; 27:18-23). His book, 6th of O. T., contains the history of his conquests and governorship, B. C. 1451-1426. (2) A Bethshemite (1 Sam. 6:14). (3) A governor of Jerusalem (2 Kings 23:8). (4) A high priest (Hag. 1:1,14).

Josiah

(God-healed). (1) Son and successor of Amon on throne of Judah, B. C. 641-610. He abolished idolatry, propagated the newly discovered law, aided Assyria against Egypt, and fell in the celebrated battle of Esdraelon (2 Kings 22-23:1-30; 2 Chron. 34-35). (2) Son of Zephaniah (Zech. 6:10).

Josias

Greek form of Josiah

(Matt. 1:10-11).

Josibiah

(dwelling). A chief of Simeon (1 Chron. 4:35).

Josiphiah

(increase). His family returned (Ezra 8:10).

Jot

The Greek i, iota

A little thing (Matt. 5:18).

Jotbah

(goodness). Residence of Haruz (2 Kings 21:19).

Jotbath

(goodness). Jotbathah (Num. 33:33). An Israelite encampment (Deut. 10:7).

Jotham

(God is upright). (1) Youngest son of Gideon and author of the bramble fable (Judg. 9:5-21). (2) Son and successor of Uzziah, or Azariah, on throne of Judah, B. C. 758-741. Reign prosperous (2 Kings 15:5-6,32-36; 2 Chron. 27). (3) A Judahite (1 Chron. 2:47).

Journey

(daily). A day’s journey, indefinite. Sabbath day’s journey, 2000 paces, or of a mile from the walls of a city (Deut. 1:2; Acts 1:12).

Jozabad

(God-given). (1) Two Manassite chiefs (1 Chron. 12:20). (2) Five Levites (2 Chron. 31:13; 35:9; Ezra 8:33; 10:22; Neh. 8:7; 11:16).

Jozachar

(remembered). Zabad (2 Chron. 24:26). One of Joash’s murderers (2 Kings 12:21).

Jozadak

(Ezra 3:2,8; Neh. 12:26). [JEHOZADAK.]

Jubal

(music). Son of Lamech, and inventor of harp and organ (Gen. 4:19-21).

Jubilee

(blast of trumpets). Year of, celebrated every fiftieth year; ushered in by blowing of trumpets; land rested; alienated lands reverted; slaves freed; outer circle of seventh or sabbatical system, year, month, and day (Lev. 25:8-55).

Jucal

(Jer. 38:1). [JEHUCAL.]

Juda

(praised). (1) Ancestors of Christ (Luke 3:26,30). (2) One of Christ’s brethren (Mark 6:3). (3) The patriarch Judah (Luke 3:33). (4) The tribe of Judah (Heb. 7:14; Rev. 5:5).

Judaea, Judea

(from Judah). Vaguely, Joshua’s conquest (Matt. 19:1; Mark 10:1), or Canaanite land. Limitedly, the part occupied by returned captives; the “Jewry” (Dan. 5:13); the “province” (Ezra 5:8; Neh. 11:3). A Roman province jointly with Syria, with a procurator, after A. D. 6.

Judah

(praise). (1) Fourth son of Jacob (Gen. 29:35; 37:26-28; 43:3-10; 44:14-34). His tribe the largest (Num. 1:26-27). Allotted the southern section of Canaan (Josh. 15:1-63). (2) Kingdom of, formed on disruption of Solomon’s empire, out of Judah, Benjamin, Simeon, and part of Dan, with Jerusalem as capital, B. C. 975. Had 19 kings, and lasted for 389 years, till reduced by Nebuchadnezzar, B. C. 586. Outlived its rival, Israel, some 135 years. (3) City of Jerusalem (2 Chron. 25:28). (4) A town in Naphtali (Josh. 19:34). (5) Persons (Ezra 3:9; 10:23; Neh. 11:9).

Judas

Greek form of Judah

(1) Judah (Matt. 1:2-3). (2) Iscariot, or of Kerioth. Betrayer of Christ (Matt. 10:4; Mark 3:19; Luke 6:16; John 6:71; 12:6; 13:29). (3) Man of Damascus (Acts 9:11). (4) Barsabas, chief among the brethren, and prophet (Acts 15:22,32). (5) A Galilean apostate (Acts 5:37).

Jude

(Jude 1:1). Judas, brother of James the Less (Luke 6:16; John 14:22; Acts 1:13; Matt. 13:55). Thaddeus, Lebbaeus (Matt. 10:3; Mark 3:18). An Apostle and author of the epistle which bears his name, 26th N. T. book. Written about A. D. 65. Place not known.

Judges

Governors of Israel between Joshua and the kings

They were called of God, elective or usurpative. Qualification, martial or moral prowess. Rule arbitrary. Fifteen are recorded. Period, B. C. 1400-1091, about 310 years. Book of Judges, 7th of O. T., probably compiled by Samuel. Its history is that of a tumultuous period, completing Joshua’s conquests and leading to legitimate kingly rule.

Judgment Hall

Pilate’s residence in Jerusalem

(John 18:28,33; 19:9). Praetorium or court (Acts 23:35).

Judith

(praised, Jewess). Wife of Esau (Gen. 26:34).

Julia

(feminine of Julius). A Christian woman at Rome (Rom. 16:15).

Julius

(soft-haired). A Roman centurion (Acts 27:1-3,43).

Junia

(youth). Roman friend of Paul (Rom. 16:7).

Juniper

(young producer). Not the evergreen, but the desert broom-shrub (1 Kings 19:4-5; Job 30:4; Psa. 120:4).

Jupiter

(father Jove). Supreme god of Greeks and Romans (Acts 14:12; 19:35).

Jushab-hesed

(requited love). Son of Zerubbabel (1 Chron. 3:20).

Justification

(judicial righteousness). Through faith in the work of Christ, God places the believer in the state of being permanently righteous before Him (Rom. 5: 16). By the death of Christ, God now offers the free “gift of righteousness” (Rom. 5:17).

Justus

(just). (1) Surname of Joseph, or Barsabas (Acts 1:23). (2) A Corinthian convert (Acts 18:7). (3) Surname of Jesus, a friend of Paul (Col. 4:11).

Juttah

(extended). A Levitical city in mountains of Judah; now Yutta (Josh. 15:55; 21:16).

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