1 Samuel 22 (JND) - Bible Truth Library

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1 Samuel 22

1 Sam. 22:2 KJV (With Strong’s)

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2

Andq every one that was in distress, and every one that κwas in debt, and every one that was λdiscontented, gathered themselves unto him; and he became a captains over them: and there were with him about four hundred men.

q

Judg. 11:3• ³Then Jephthah fled from his brethren, and dwelt in the land of Tob. And vain men were gathered to Jephthah, and they made expeditions with him. (Judg. 11:3)

κ

had a creditor.

λ

bitter of soul.

s

Psa. 72:12‑14• ¹²For he will deliver the needy who crieth, and the afflicted, who hath no helper;
¹³He will have compassion on the poor and needy, and will save the souls of the needy:
¹⁴He will redeem their souls from oppression and violence, and precious shall their blood be in his sight. (Psa. 72:12‑14)

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Matt. 9:12‑13• ¹²But Jesus hearing it, said, They that are strong have not need of a physician, but those that are ill.
¹³But go and learn what that is--I will have mercy and not sacrifice; for I have not come to call righteous men but sinners. (Matt. 9:12‑13)

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distress.

Judg. 11:3• ³Then Jephthah fled from his brethren, and dwelt in the land of Tob. And vain men were gathered to Jephthah, and they made expeditions with him. (Judg. 11:3)

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Matt. 11:12,28• ¹²But from the days of John the baptist until now, the kingdom of the heavens is taken by violence, and the violent seize on it.
²⁸Come to me, all ye who labour and are burdened, and *I* will give you rest. (Matt. 11:12,28)

was in debt.

Heb. had a creditor.

Matt. 18:25‑34• ²⁵But he not having anything to pay, his lord commanded him to be sold, and his wife, and his children, and everything that he had, and that payment should be made.
²⁶The bondman therefore falling down did him homage, saying, Lord, have patience with me and I will pay thee all.
²⁷And the lord of that bondman, being moved with compassion, loosed him and forgave him the loan.
²⁸But that bondman having gone out, found one of his fellow-bondmen who owed him a hundred denarii. And having seized him, he throttled him, saying, Pay me if thou owest anything.
²⁹His fellow-bondman therefore, having fallen down at his feet, besought him, saying, Have patience with me, and I will pay thee.
³⁰But he would not, but went away and cast him into prison, until he should pay what was owing.
³¹But his fellow-bondmen, having seen what had taken place, were greatly grieved, and went and recounted to their lord all that had taken place.
³²Then his lord, having called him to him, says to him, Wicked bondman! I forgave thee all that debt because thou besoughtest me;
³³shouldest not thou also have had compassion on thy fellow-bondman, as *I* also had compassion on thee?
³⁴And his lord being angry delivered him to the tormentors till he paid all that was owing to him. (Matt. 18:25‑34)

discontented.

Heb. bitter of soul.

1 Sam. 1:10• ¹⁰and she was in bitterness of soul, and prayed to Jehovah, and wept much. (1 Sam. 1:10)

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1 Sam. 30:6• ⁶And David was greatly distressed; for the people spoke of stoning him; for the soul of all the people was embittered, every man because of his sons and because of his daughters; but David strengthened himself in Jehovah his God. (1 Sam. 30:6)

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Judg. 18:25• ²⁵And the children of Dan said to him, Let not thy voice be heard among us, lest men of exasperated spirit run upon you, and thou lose thy life and the lives of thy household. (Judg. 18:25)

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2 Sam. 17:8• ⁸And Hushai said, Thou knowest thy father and his men, that they are mighty men, and they are of exasperated spirit, as a bear robbed of her whelps in the field; and thy father is a man of war, and will not lodge with the people. (2 Sam. 17:8)

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Prov. 31:6• ⁶Give strong drink unto him that is ready to perish, and wine unto the bitter of soul: (Prov. 31:6)

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Prov. 31• (Prov. 31)

:*margins

a captain.

1 Sam. 9:16• ¹⁶To-morrow about this time I will send thee a man out of the land of Benjamin, and thou shalt anoint him prince over my people Israel; and he will save my people out of the hand of the Philistines; for I have looked upon my people, because their cry is come unto me. (1 Sam. 9:16)

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1 Sam. 25:15‑16• ¹⁵And the men were very good to us, and we were not hurt, neither missed we anything, as long as we companied with them, when we were in the fields.
¹⁶They were a wall to us both by night and day, all the while we were with them feeding the sheep. (1 Sam. 25:15‑16)

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1 Sam. 30:22‑24• ²²And all the wicked men, and men of Belial, of those that had gone with David, answered and said, Because they went not with us, we will not give them aught of the spoil that we have recovered, save to every man his wife and his children, that they may lead them away and depart.
²³Then said David, Ye shall not do so, my brethren, with that which Jehovah has given us, who has preserved us, and given the troop that came against us into our hand.
²⁴And who will hearken to you in this matter? For as his share is that goes down to the battle, so shall his share be that abides by the baggage: they shall share alike. (1 Sam. 30:22‑24)

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2 Sam. 5:2• ²Even aforetime, when Saul was king over us, thou wast he that leddest out and broughtest in Israel; and Jehovah said to thee, Thou shalt feed my people Israel, and thou shalt be prince over Israel. (2 Sam. 5:2)

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2 Kings 20:5• ⁵Return, and tell Hezekiah the captain of my people, Thus saith Jehovah, the God of David thy father: I have heard thy prayer, I have seen thy tears; behold, I will heal thee: on the third day thou shalt go up to the house of Jehovah; (2 Kings 20:5)

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1 Chron. 11:15‑19• ¹⁵And three of the thirty chiefs went down to the rock to David, to the cave of Adullam, when the army of the Philistines was encamped in the valley of Rephaim.
¹⁶And David was then in the stronghold; and the Philistines' garrison was then at Bethlehem.
¹⁷And David longed, and said, Oh that one would give me to drink of the water of the well of Bethlehem, which is in the gate!
¹⁸And the three broke through the camp of the Philistines, and drew water out of the well of Bethlehem, which is in the gate, and took it, and brought it to David; David however would not drink of it, but poured it out to Jehovah.
¹⁹And he said, My God forbid it me, that I should do this thing! should I drink the blood of these men who went at the risk of their lives? for at the risk of their lives they brought it. Therefore he would not drink it. These things did the three mighty men. (1 Chron. 11:15‑19)

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Psa. 72:12‑14• ¹²For he will deliver the needy who crieth, and the afflicted, who hath no helper;
¹³He will have compassion on the poor and needy, and will save the souls of the needy:
¹⁴He will redeem their souls from oppression and violence, and precious shall their blood be in his sight. (Psa. 72:12‑14)

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Matt. 9:12‑13• ¹²But Jesus hearing it, said, They that are strong have not need of a physician, but those that are ill.
¹³But go and learn what that is--I will have mercy and not sacrifice; for I have not come to call righteous men but sinners. (Matt. 9:12‑13)

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Heb. 2:10• ¹⁰For it became him, for whom are all things, and by whom are all things, in bringing many sons to glory, to make perfect the leader of their salvation through sufferings. (Heb. 2:10)

• Could David ever regret being found at such an extremity, abandoned by all, since there it was it that his soul knew and appreciated the sovereign refuge that is found in God? Thus the psalm {142} ends with the assurance that filled his soul, for his time of solitude and of being forsaken would come to an end. “The righteous,” he says, “shall surround me” (Psa. 142:7). (“1 Samuel 22” by H.L. Rossier)

• Their common characteristic was that they had lost everything. (“1 Samuel 22” by H.L. Rossier)

• David is able to create, to form, the most wretched beings in his own image. The reflection of his moral beauty falls on those who have nothing to bring him but their misery. In the dark cave of Adullam the light shining forth from David shines on these four hundred men who surround him, and that which grace made of them in the day of tribulation will be recognized by all eyes, acclaimed by every mouth in the day of glory which is already approaching. All these outlaws will surround the king’s throne and will be called “David’s mighty men” (2 Sam. 23:8). (“1 Samuel 22” by H.L. Rossier)

J. N. Darby Translation

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And every one in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one of embittered spiritb collected round him; and he became a captain over them; and there were with him about four hundred men.

JND Translation Notes

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b

Or "discontented," or "sorrowful." so ch. 30.6.