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Psalm 51

Psa. 51:4 KJV (With Strong’s)

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4
Againsts thee, thee only, have I sinned
chata' (Hebrew #2398)
properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn
KJV usage: bear the blame, cleanse, commit (sin), by fault, harm he hath done, loss, miss, (make) offend(-er), offer for sin, purge, purify (self), make reconciliation, (cause, make) sin(-ful, -ness), trespass.
Pronounce: khaw-taw'
Origin: a primitive root
, and done
`asah (Hebrew #6213)
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application (as follows)
KJV usage: accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, X certainly, have the charge of, commit, deal (with), deck, + displease, do, (ready) dress(-ed), (put in) execute(-ion), exercise, fashion, + feast, (fight-)ing man, + finish, fit, fly, follow, fulfill, furnish, gather, get, go about, govern, grant, great, + hinder, hold ((a feast)), X indeed, + be industrious, + journey, keep, labour, maintain, make, be meet, observe, be occupied, offer, + officer, pare, bring (come) to pass, perform, pracise, prepare, procure, provide, put, requite, X sacrifice, serve, set, shew, X sin, spend, X surely, take, X thoroughly, trim, X very, + vex, be (warr-)ior, work(-man), yield, use.
Pronounce: aw-saw'
Origin: a primitive root
this evil
ra` (Hebrew #7451)
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
KJV usage: adversity, affliction, bad, calamity, + displease(-ure), distress, evil((- favouredness), man, thing), + exceedingly, X great, grief(-vous), harm, heavy, hurt(-ful), ill (favoured), + mark, mischief(-vous), misery, naught(-ty), noisome, + not please, sad(-ly), sore, sorrow, trouble, vex, wicked(-ly, -ness, one), worse(-st), wretchedness, wrong. (Incl. feminine raaah; as adjective or noun.).
Pronounce: rah
Origin: from 7489
in thy sight
`ayin (Hebrew #5869)
an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
KJV usage: affliction, outward appearance, + before, + think best, colour, conceit, + be content, countenance, + displease, eye((-brow), (-d), -sight), face, + favour, fountain, furrow (from the margin), X him, + humble, knowledge, look, (+ well), X me, open(-ly), + (not) please, presence, + regard, resemblance, sight, X thee, X them, + think, X us, well, X you(-rselves).
Pronounce: ah'-yin
Origin: probably a primitive word
u: that thou mightest be justified
tsadaq (Hebrew #6663)
to be (causatively, make) right (in a moral or forensic sense)
KJV usage: cleanse, clear self, (be, do) just(-ice, -ify, -ify self), (be turn to) righteous(-ness).
Pronounce: tsaw-dak'
Origin: a primitive root
when thou speakest
dabar (Hebrew #1696)
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
KJV usage: answer, appoint, bid, command, commune, declare, destroy, give, name, promise, pronounce, rehearse, say, speak, be spokesman, subdue, talk, teach, tell, think, use (entreaties), utter, X well, X work.
Pronounce: daw-bar'
Origin: a primitive root
, and be clear
zakah (Hebrew #2135)
to be translucent; figuratively, to be innocent
KJV usage: be (make) clean, cleanse, be clear, count pure.
Pronounce: zaw-kaw'
Origin: a primitive root (compare 2141)
when thou judgest
shaphat (Hebrew #8199)
to judge, i.e. pronounce sentence (for or against); by implication, to vindicate or punish; by extenssion, to govern; passively, to litigate (literally or figuratively)
KJV usage: + avenge, X that condemn, contend, defend, execute (judgment), (be a) judge(-ment), X needs, plead, reason, rule.
Pronounce: shaw-fat'
Origin: a primitive root
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s
2 Sam. 12:13• 13And David said unto Nathan, I have sinned against Jehovah. And Nathan said unto David, Jehovah also hath put away thy sin; thou shalt not die. (2 Sam. 12:13)
u
Luke 15:21• 21And the son said unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven and before thee: I am no more worthy to be called thy son. (Luke 15:21)

Cross References

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Ministry on This Verse

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Against.
Gen. 9:6• 6[Whoso] sheddeth the man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed; for in God's image made he the man. (Gen. 9:6)
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Gen. 20:6• 6And God said to him in a dream, I also knew that thou didst this in the integrity of thy heart, and I, too, have withheld thee from sinning against me: therefore have I not suffered thee to touch her. (Gen. 20:6)
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Gen. 39:9• 9None [is] greater in this house than I; nor hath he withheld from me anything but thee, because thou [art] his wife. And how should I do this great wickedness, and sin against God? (Gen. 39:9)
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Lev. 5:19• 19It is a trespass offering: he is certainly guilty before Jehovah. (Lev. 5:19)
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Lev. 6:2‑7• 2If anyone sin, and commit a perfidy against Jehovah, and lie to his neighbour as to a matter of trust, or a loan, or a robbery, or a cheat to his neighbour;
 3or have found what was lost and lieth therein, and sweareth falsely; in any of all these that a man doeth, sinning therein,
 4then it shall be, if he hath sinned and hath trespassed that he shall restore what he robbed, or what he defrauded, or the trust entrusted to him, or the lost thing which he found,
 5or all about which he swore falsely; and he shall restore it in the principal and shall add the fifth part more thereto; to whom it belongeth shall he give it on the day of his trespass-offering.
 6And his trespass offering he shall bring to Jehovah, a ram without blemish out of the flock according to thy valuation as a trespass offering unto the priest.
 7And the priest shall make atonement for him before Jehovah, and it shall be forgiven him concerning anything of all he did to trespass therein. (Lev. 6:2‑7)
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2 Sam. 12:9‑10,13‑14• 9Wherefore hast thou despised the commandment of Jehovah, to do evil in his sight? thou hast killed Uriah the Hittite with the sword, and hast taken his wife to be thy wife, and hast slain him with the sword of the children of Ammon.
 10Now therefore the sword shall never depart from thine house; because thou hast despised me, and hast taken the wife of Uriah the Hittite to be thy wife.
 13And David said unto Nathan, I have sinned against Jehovah. And Nathan said unto David, Jehovah also hath put away thy sin; thou shalt not die.
 14Howbeit, because by this deed thou hast given great occasion to the enemies of Jehovah to blaspheme, the child also that is born unto thee shall surely die. (2 Sam. 12:9‑10,13‑14)
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James 2:9,11• 9but if ye have respect to persons, ye work sin, being convicted by the law as transgressors.
 11For he that said, Thou shalt not commit adultery, said also, Thou shalt not kill. And if thou commit not adultery but killest, thou art become a transgressor of law. (James 2:9,11)
evil.
Gen. 38:7• 7And Er, Judah's firstborn, was wicked in the sight of Jehovah, and Jehovah slew him. (Gen. 38:7)
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2 Kings 17:17• 17and they caused their sons and their daughters to pass through the fire, and used divination and enchantments, and sold themselves to do evil in the sight of Jehovah, to provoke him to anger. (2 Kings 17:17)
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2 Kings 21:6• 6And he made his son pass through the fire, and observed times, and used enchantments, and dealt with familiar spirits and wizards: he wrought much wickedness in the sight of Jehovah to provoke him to anger. (2 Kings 21:6)
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Luke 15:21• 21And the son said unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven and before thee: I am no more worthy to be called thy son. (Luke 15:21)
that thou.
Psa. 50:4,6• 4He calleth to the heavens from above{HR}And to the earth to judge his people.
 6And the heavens declare his righteousness for God [is] judge himself. Selah. (Psa. 50:4,6)
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Luke 7:29• 29(And all the people who heard [it], and the tax-gatherers, justified God, being baptized with the baptism of John; (Luke 7:29)
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Rom. 3:4• 4Let it not be, but let God be true and every man false, even as it is written, “That thou mightest be justified in thy words, and overcome when thou art judged.” (Rom. 3:4)
when.
Acts 17:31• 31inasmuch as he has appointed a day, in which he is about to judge the world in righteousness by a Man whom he marked out, having given assurance to all in that he raised him from [the] dead. (Acts 17:31)
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Rom. 2:5• 5But according to thy hardness and unrepentant heart thou treasurest to thyself wrath in [the] day of wrath and revelation of God's righteous judgment, (Rom. 2:5)
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Rev. 15:3‑4• 3And they sing the song of Moses the servant of God, and the song of the Lamb, saying, Great and wonderful are thy works, O Lord God the Almighty; just and true are thy ways, thou King of the nations.
 4Who shall not fear, O Lord, and glorify thy name? for thou only art holy: for all the nations shall come and worship before thee; for thy righteousnesses were manifested. (Rev. 15:3‑4)
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Rev. 16:5• 5And I heard the angel of the waters say, Righteous art thou that art and that wast holy, because thou hast judged these things. (Rev. 16:5)
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Rev. 19:11• 11And I saw the heaven opened, and behold, a white horse; and he that sat upon him was called faithful and true, and in righteousness he doth judge and make war. (Rev. 19:11)
• The repentant man has a deep conviction of the true character of sin as against God, and in the sight of God. Sin is a defiance of God, and being so, God will be justified in judging the sinner. (“Psalm 51” by H. Smith)

J. N. Darby Translation

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Against thee, thee only, have I sinned, and done what is evil in thy sight; that thou mayest be justified when thou speakest, be clear when thou judgest.

W. Kelly Translation

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Againsta thee, thee only, have I sinned,{HR}And have done the evil in thy sight (eyes);{HR}That thou mayest be justified when thou speakest,{HR}[And be] clear when thou judgest.

WK Translation Notes

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a
Or, to.