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Esther 3

Esther 3:1 KJV (With Strong’s)

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1
After
'achar (Hebrew #310)
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
KJV usage: after (that, -ward), again, at, away from, back (from, -side), behind, beside, by, follow (after, -ing), forasmuch, from, hereafter, hinder end, + out (over) live, + persecute, posterity, pursuing, remnant, seeing, since, thence(-forth), when, with.
Pronounce: akh-ar'
Origin: from 309
these things
dabar (Hebrew #1697)
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
KJV usage: act, advice, affair, answer, X any such (thing), because of, book, business, care, case, cause, certain rate, + chronicles, commandment, X commune(-ication), + concern(-ing), + confer, counsel, + dearth, decree, deed, X disease, due, duty, effect, + eloquent, errand, (evil favoured-)ness, + glory, + harm, hurt, + iniquity, + judgment, language, + lying, manner, matter, message, (no) thing, oracle, X ought, X parts, + pertaining, + please, portion, + power, promise, provision, purpose, question, rate, reason, report, request, X (as hast) said, sake, saying, sentence, + sign, + so, some (uncleanness), somewhat to say, + song, speech, X spoken, talk, task, + that, X there done, thing (concerning), thought, + thus, tidings, what(-soever), + wherewith, which, word, work.
Pronounce: daw-baw'
Origin: from 1696
did king
melek (Hebrew #4428)
a king
KJV usage: king, royal.
Pronounce: meh'-lek
Origin: from 4427
Ahasuerus
'Achashverowsh (Hebrew #325)
of Persian origin; Achashverosh (i.e. Ahasuerus or Artaxerxes, but in this case Xerxes), the title (rather than name) of a Persian king
KJV usage: Ahasuerus.
Pronounce: akh-ash-vay-rosh'
Origin: or (shortened) pAchashrosh {akh- ash-rosh'} (Esth. 10:1)
promote
gadal (Hebrew #1431)
properly, to twist (compare 1434), i.e. to be (causatively make) large (in various senses, as in body, mind, estate or honor, also in pride)
KJV usage: advance, boast, bring up, exceed, excellent, be(-come, do, give, make, wax), great(-er, come to...estate, + things), grow(up),increase, lift up, magnify(-ifical), be much set by, nourish (up), pass, promote, proudly (spoken), tower.
Pronounce: gaw-dal'
Origin: a primitive root
Haman
Haman (Hebrew #2001)
Haman, a Persian vizier
KJV usage: Haman.
Pronounce: haw-mawn'
Origin: of foreign derivation
the son
ben (Hebrew #1121)
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like 1, 251, etc.))
KJV usage: + afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to, (+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, + kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+) people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, + spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
Pronounce: bane
Origin: from {SI 11129}1129{/SI}
of Hammedatha
Mdatha (Hebrew #4099)
Medatha, the father of Haman
KJV usage: Hammedatha (including the article).
Pronounce: med-aw-thaw'
Origin: of Persian origin
the Agagite
'Agagiy (Hebrew #91)
an Agagite or descendent (subject) of Agag
KJV usage: Agagite.
Pronounce: ag-aw-ghee'
Origin: patrial or patronymic from 90
l, and advanced
nasa' (Hebrew #5375)
a primitive root; to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absol. and rel. (as follows)
KJV usage: accept, advance, arise, (able to, (armor), suffer to) bear(-er, up), bring (forth), burn, carry (away), cast, contain, desire, ease, exact, exalt (self), extol, fetch, forgive, furnish, further, give, go on, help, high, hold up, honorable (+ man), lade, lay, lift (self) up, lofty, marry, magnify, X needs, obtain, pardon, raise (up), receive, regard, respect, set (up), spare, stir up, + swear, take (away, up), X utterly, wear, yield.
Pronounce: naw-saw'
Origin: or nacah (Psalm 4 : 6 (7)) {naw-saw'}
him, and set
suwm (Hebrew #7760)
a primitive root; to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
KJV usage: X any wise, appoint, bring, call (a name), care, cast in, change, charge, commit, consider, convey, determine, + disguise, dispose, do, get, give, heap up, hold, impute, lay (down, up), leave, look, make (out), mark, + name, X on, ordain, order, + paint, place, preserve, purpose, put (on), + regard, rehearse, reward, (cause to) set (on, up), shew, + stedfastly, take, X tell, + tread down, ((over-))turn, X wholly, work.
Pronounce: soom
Origin: or siym {seem}
his seat
kicce' (Hebrew #3678)
from 3680; properly, covered, i.e. a throne (as canopied)
KJV usage: seat, stool, throne.
Pronounce: kis-say'
Origin: or kicceh {kis-say'}
above all the princes
sar (Hebrew #8269)
a head person (of any rank or class)
KJV usage: captain (that had rule), chief (captain), general, governor, keeper, lord, ((-task- ))master, prince(-ipal), ruler, steward.
Pronounce: sar
Origin: from 8323
that were with him.
l
Num. 24:7• 7Water shall flow out of his buckets, and his seed shall be in great waters, And his king shall be higher than Agag, and his kingdom shall be exalted. (Num. 24:7)
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1 Sam. 15:8,33• 8And he took Agag the king of Amalek alive, and utterly destroyed all the people with the edge of the sword.
 33And Samuel said, As thy sword has made women childless, so shall thy mother be childless above women. And Samuel hewed Agag in pieces before Jehovah in Gilgal. (1 Sam. 15:8,33)

More on:

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Agagite,
Ahasuerus,
Haman,
Hammedatha,
King,
Prince; Princess

Cross References

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Ministry on This Verse

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1-6:  Haman, advanced by the king, and despised by Mordecai, seeks revenge upon all the Jews.
7:  He casts lots.
8-15:  He obtains by calumniation a decree of the king to put the Jews to death.
A.M. 3551.
B.C. 453.
promote Haman.
Esther 7:6• 6And Esther said, The adversary and enemy is this wicked Haman. Then Haman was terrified before the king and the queen. (Esther 7:6)
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Psa. 12:8• 8The wicked walk about on every side, when vileness is exalted among the children of men. (Psa. 12:8)
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Prov. 29:2• 2When the righteous increase, the people rejoice; but when the wicked beareth rule, the people mourn. (Prov. 29:2)
Agagite.
Num. 24:7• 7Water shall flow out of his buckets, and his seed shall be in great waters, And his king shall be higher than Agag, and his kingdom shall be exalted. (Num. 24:7)
;
1 Sam. 15:8,33• 8And he took Agag the king of Amalek alive, and utterly destroyed all the people with the edge of the sword.
 33And Samuel said, As thy sword has made women childless, so shall thy mother be childless above women. And Samuel hewed Agag in pieces before Jehovah in Gilgal. (1 Sam. 15:8,33)
above all the princes.
Esther 1:14• 14and the next to him were Carshena, Shethar, Admatha, Tarshish, Meres, Marsena, and Memucan, the seven princes of Persia and Media, who saw the king's face, and who sat first in the kingdom), (Esther 1:14)
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Gen. 41:40,55• 40Thou shalt be over my house, and according to thy commandment shall all my people regulate themselves; only concerning the throne will I be greater than thou.
 55And all the land of Egypt suffered from the dearth. And the people cried to Pharaoh for bread; and Pharaoh said to all the Egyptians, Go to Joseph: what he says to you, that do. (Gen. 41:40,55)
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Ezra 7:14• 14Because thou art sent by the king, and by his seven counsellors, to inquire concerning Judah and Jerusalem, according to the law of thy God which is in thy hand; (Ezra 7:14)
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Dan. 6:2• 2and over these, three presidents--of whom Daniel was one--to whom these satraps should render account, and that the king should suffer no loss. (Dan. 6:2)
• {v.1-2} (Agag, likely the title of the kings of Amalek; see Num. 24:7; 1 Sam. 15:8.) The king had ordered that all should bow to and reverence him. Had it amounted to a simple act of respect, no doubt Mordecai would have obliged with the rest, but this went beyond respect. It would have been an act of adoration, so he refused to comply with the king's order (Esther 3:1-2). (“Chapter 3: Mordecai and Esther” by H.L. Rossier)
• Haman, the Agagite, from the word Agag, title of the kings of Amalek, belonged to the nation which attacked Israel in the wilderness, shortly after their departure out of Egypt. Subdued by Joshua, type of the Lord, Jehovah declared war with Amalek forever (Ex. 17:8-16). Balaam, who prophesied in spite of who he was, announced the end of this people; he said: "Amalek was the first of the nations; (that is the oldest) but his latter end shall be that he perish for ever." Num. 24:20. (“Chapter 4: The Great Adversary” by H.L. Rossier)
• Nothing about him is told us which explains such a rise to honor. He appeared suddenly displaying a proud and wicked character; all are required to render homage to him; woe to him who refused to bow before him. This resurrection of the Amalekite, pursuing the Jew with his hatred, brings before us the beast suddenly rising out of the bottomless pit, receiving his power from Satan and using him "to make war with the saints." (Rev. 13:1,2,7; 17:8.) (“Chapter 4: The Great Adversary” by H.L. Rossier)

J. N. Darby Translation

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1
After these things king Ahasuerus promoted Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagiteb, and advanced him, and set his seat above all the princes that were with him.

JND Translation Notes

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b
"Agag" is probably a title of the kings of Amalek.