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Romans 5

Rom. 5:13 KJV (With Strong’s)

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13
(For
gar (Greek #1063)
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
KJV usage: and, as, because (that), but, even, for, indeed, no doubt, seeing, then, therefore, verily, what, why, yet.
Pronounce: gar
Origin: a primary particle
until
achri (Greek #891)
akin to 206 (through the idea of a terminus); (of time) until or (of place) up to
KJV usage: as far as, for, in(-to), till, (even, un-)to, until, while. Compare 3360.
Pronounce: akh'-ree
Origin: or ἄχρις (akh'-rece)
the law
nomos (Greek #3551)
law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of Moses (including the volume); also of the Gospel), or figuratively (a principle)
KJV usage: law.
Pronounce: nom'-os
Origin: from a primary νέμω (to parcel out, especially food or grazing to animals)
sin
hamartia (Greek #266)
a sin (properly abstract)
KJV usage: offence, sin(-ful).
Pronounce: ham-ar-tee'-ah
Origin: from 264
was
en (Greek #2258)
I (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)
KJV usage: + agree, be, X have (+ charge of), hold, use, was(-t), were.
Pronounce: ane
Origin: imperfect of 1510
in
en (Greek #1722)
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.
KJV usage: about, after, against, + almost, X altogether, among, X as, at, before, between, (here-)by (+ all means), for (... sake of), + give self wholly to, (here-)in(-to, -wardly), X mightily, (because) of, (up-)on, (open-)ly, X outwardly, one, X quickly, X shortly, (speedi-)ly, X that, X there(-in, -on), through(-out), (un-)to(-ward), under, when, where(-with), while, with(-in). Often used in compounds, with substantially the same import; rarely with verbs of motion, and then not to indicate direction, except (elliptically) by a separate (and different) preposition.
Pronounce: en
Origin: a primary preposition denoting (fixed) position (in place, time or state), and (by implication) instrumentality (medially or constructively), i.e. a relation of rest (intermediate between 1519 and 1537)
the world
kosmos (Greek #2889)
orderly arrangement, i.e. decoration; by implication, the world (in a wide or narrow sense, including its inhabitants, literally or figuratively (morally))
KJV usage: adorning, world.
Pronounce: kos'-mos
Origin: probably from the base of 2865
: but
de (Greek #1161)
but, and, etc.
KJV usage: also, and, but, moreover, now (often unexpressed in English).
Pronounce: deh
Origin: a primary particle (adversative or continuative)
sin
hamartia (Greek #266)
a sin (properly abstract)
KJV usage: offence, sin(-ful).
Pronounce: ham-ar-tee'-ah
Origin: from 264
is
ellogeo (Greek #1677)
to reckon in, i.e. attribute
KJV usage: impute, put on account.
Pronounce: el-log-eh'-o
Origin: from 1722 and 3056 (in the sense of account)
not
ou (Greek #3756)
the absolute negative (compare 3361) adverb; no or not
KJV usage: + long, nay, neither, never, no (X man), none, (can-)not, + nothing, + special, un(-worthy), when, + without, + yet but. See also 3364, 3372.
Pronounce: oo
Origin: οὐκ (ook), and (before an aspirate) οὐχ (ookh) a primary word
k imputed
ellogeo (Greek #1677)
to reckon in, i.e. attribute
KJV usage: impute, put on account.
Pronounce: el-log-eh'-o
Origin: from 1722 and 3056 (in the sense of account)
when there is
on (Greek #5607)
and the neuter ὄν (on) present participle of 1510; being
KJV usage: be, come, have.
Pronounce: oan
Origin: οὖσα (oo'-sah)
no
me (Greek #3361)
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas 3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
KJV usage: any but (that), X forbear, + God forbid, + lack, lest, neither, never, no (X wise in), none, nor, (can-)not, nothing, that not, un(-taken), without. Often used in compounds in substantially the same relations. See also 3362, 3363, 3364, 3372, 3373, 3375, 3378.
Pronounce: may
Origin: a primary particle of qualified negation (whereas 3756 expresses an absolute denial)
law
nomos (Greek #3551)
law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of Moses (including the volume); also of the Gospel), or figuratively (a principle)
KJV usage: law.
Pronounce: nom'-os
Origin: from a primary νέμω (to parcel out, especially food or grazing to animals)
.
k
Rom. 4:15• 15For the law worketh out wrath; but where no law is, [there is] no transgression. (Rom. 4:15)
;
1 John 3:4• 4Every one that doeth sin doeth also lawlessness; and sin is lawlessness. (1 John 3:4)

More on:

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Law,
Sin,
The World,
To Impute

Cross References

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Ministry on This Verse

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until.
Gen. 4:7‑11•  (Gen. 4:7‑11)
;
Gen. 6:5‑6,11•  (Gen. 6:5‑6,11)
;
Gen. 8:21•  (Gen. 8:21)
;
Gen. 13:13•  (Gen. 13:13)
;
Gen. 18:20•  (Gen. 18:20)
;
Gen. 19:4,32,36•  (Gen. 19:4,32,36)
;
Gen. 38:7,10•  (Gen. 38:7,10)
but sin.
Rom. 4:15• 15For the law worketh out wrath; but where no law is, [there is] no transgression. (Rom. 4:15)
;
1 Cor. 15:56• 56Now the sting of death [is] sin, and the power of sin the law; (1 Cor. 15:56)
;
1 John 3:4,14• 4Every one that doeth sin doeth also lawlessness; and sin is lawlessness.
 14We know that we have passed out of death into life, because we love the brethren. He that loveth not the brother abideth in death. (1 John 3:4,14)
• Sin was in the world before the law. Nor did the law add much to the advantage of man’s condition; it definitively imputed his sin to him by giving him knowledge of it and forbidding it. (“Romans 5:12-21” by J.N. Darby)
• The word “imputed” in this passage (ch. 5:13) is not the same as righteousness imputed, or faith imputed for righteousness. It means an act (or sum) put to the account of another, not esteeming the person to be such or such. (“Romans 5:12-21” by J.N. Darby)
• In a parenthesis (vss. 13-17), Paul shows that federal headship applies to both Adam and Christ. Each is the head of a race of men, and their actions as such have had a great effect upon their races. (“The Doctrine of DeliveranceFrom Sin: Romans 5:12-7:6” by B. Anstey)
• Just as surely as Adam's "offence" as federal head affected the whole race under him, Christ's "act of favour" as the federal Head of His race has affected all under Him. (“The Doctrine of DeliveranceFrom Sin: Romans 5:12-7:6” by B. Anstey)

J. N. Darby Translation

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13
(for until law sin was in the world; but sin is not put to accountc when there is no law;

JND Translation Notes

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c
This is a different word from that translated "reckoned" in ch. 4.22,23 (both "imputed" in A.V.). There, a man is judicially estimated such or such. here, a particular fault is put to a person's account. The former is found in Gal. 3.6 and 2 Cor. 5.19; this only in Philem. 18.

W. Kelly Translation

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13
(fora until law sin was in [the] world, but no sin is put to account when there is no law;

WK Translation Notes

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a
I am of opinion that the parenthesis of verses 13—17 is rightly marked so as to help the sense, inclusively being one of those full and instructive digressions so characteristic of Paul. Then, we have the general thread resumed with light and force derived from the parenthesis, and this in the most abstract way possible. Verse 18 then is only in allusion to the intervening verses, but in direct reference to verse 12.