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Romans 1

Rom. 1:4 KJV (With Strong’s)

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4
And βdeclared
hemon (Greek #2257)
of (or from) us
KJV usage: our (company), us, we.
Pronounce: hay-mone'
Origin: genitive case plural of 1473
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
kurios (Greek #2962)
supreme in authority, i.e. (as noun) controller; by implication, Master (as a respectful title)
KJV usage: God, Lord, master, Sir.
Pronounce: koo'-ree-os
Origin: from κῦρος (supremacy)
Christos (Greek #5547)
anointed, i.e. the Messiah, an epithet of Jesus
KJV usage: Christ.
Pronounce: khris-tos'
Origin: from 5548
Iesous (Greek #2424)
Jesus (i.e. Jehoshua), the name of our Lord and two (three) other Israelites
KJV usage: Jesus.
Pronounce: ee-ay-sooce'
Origin: of Hebrew origin (03091)
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
horizo (Greek #3724)
to mark out or bound ("horizon"), i.e. (figuratively) to appoint, decree, specify
KJV usage: declare, determine, limit, ordain.
Pronounce: hor-id'-zo
Origin: from 3725
h to be the Son
huios (Greek #5207)
a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship
KJV usage: child, foal, son.
Pronounce: hwee-os'
Origin: apparently a primary word
of God
theos (Greek #2316)
a deity, especially (with 3588) the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very
KJV usage: X exceeding, God, god(-ly, -ward).
Pronounce: theh'-os
Origin: of uncertain affinity
with
en (Greek #1722)
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.
KJV usage: about, after, against, + almost, X altogether, among, X as, at, before, between, (here-)by (+ all means), for (... sake of), + give self wholly to, (here-)in(-to, -wardly), X mightily, (because) of, (up-)on, (open-)ly, X outwardly, one, X quickly, X shortly, (speedi-)ly, X that, X there(-in, -on), through(-out), (un-)to(-ward), under, when, where(-with), while, with(-in). Often used in compounds, with substantially the same import; rarely with verbs of motion, and then not to indicate direction, except (elliptically) by a separate (and different) preposition.
Pronounce: en
Origin: a primary preposition denoting (fixed) position (in place, time or state), and (by implication) instrumentality (medially or constructively), i.e. a relation of rest (intermediate between 1519 and 1537)
power
dunamis (Greek #1411)
force (literally or figuratively); specially, miraculous power (usually by implication, a miracle itself)
KJV usage: ability, abundance, meaning, might(-ily, -y, -y deed), (worker of) miracle(-s), power, strength, violence, mighty (wonderful) work.
Pronounce: doo'-nam-is
Origin: from 1410
, according to
kata (Greek #2596)
(prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined)
KJV usage: about, according as (to), after, against, (when they were) X alone, among, and, X apart, (even, like) as (concerning, pertaining to touching), X aside, at, before, beyond, by, to the charge of, (charita-)bly, concerning, + covered, (dai-)ly, down, every, (+ far more) exceeding, X more excellent, for, from ... to, godly, in(-asmuch, divers, every, -to, respect of), ... by, after the manner of, + by any means, beyond (out of) measure, X mightily, more, X natural, of (up-)on (X part), out (of every), over against, (+ your) X own, + particularly, so, through(-oughout, -oughout every), thus, (un-)to(-gether, -ward), X uttermost, where(-by), with. In composition it retains many of these applications, and frequently denotes opposition, distribution, or intensity.
Pronounce: kat-ah'
Origin: a primary particle
the spirit
pneuma (Greek #4151)
a current of air, i.e. breath (blast) or a breeze; by analogy or figuratively, a spirit, i.e. (human) the rational soul, (by implication) vital principle, mental disposition, etc., or (superhuman) an angel, demon, or (divine) God, Christ's spirit, the Holy Spirit
KJV usage: ghost, life, spirit(-ual, -ually), mind. Compare 5590.
Pronounce: pnyoo'-mah
Origin: from 4154
i of holiness
hagiosune (Greek #42)
sacredness (i.e. properly, the quality)
KJV usage: holiness.
Pronounce: hag-ee-o-soo'-nay
Origin: from 40
, by
ek (Greek #1537)
or ἐξ (ex) a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause; literal or figurative; direct or remote)
KJV usage: after, among, X are, at, betwixt(-yond), by (the means of), exceedingly, (+ abundantly above), for(- th), from (among, forth, up), + grudgingly, + heartily, X heavenly, X hereby, + very highly, in, ...ly, (because, by reason) of, off (from), on, out among (from, of), over, since, X thenceforth, through, X unto, X vehemently, with(-out). Often used in composition, with the same general import; often of completion.
Pronounce: ek
the resurrection
anastasis (Greek #386)
a standing up again, i.e. (literally) a resurrection from death (individual, genitive case or by implication, (its author)), or (figuratively) a (moral) recovery (of spiritual truth)
KJV usage: raised to life again, resurrection, rise from the dead, that should rise, rising again.
Pronounce: an-as'-tas-is
Origin: from 450
from the dead
nekros (Greek #3498)
dead (literally or figuratively; also as noun)
KJV usage: dead.
Pronounce: nek-ros'
Origin: from an apparently primary νέκυς (a corpse)
:
h
Acts 13:33‑34• 33that God hath fulfilled this to us their children having raised up Jesus; as also in the second psalm it is written, Thou art my Son: this day have I begotten thee.
 34But that he raised him from [the] dead, no more to return unto corruption, he hath spoken thus, I will give you the faithful mercies of David; (Acts 13:33‑34)
;
Rev. 1:18• 18and the living one: and I was dead, and, behold, I am alive unto the ages of the ages; and I have the keys of death and of hades. (Rev. 1:18)
β
determined.
i
Heb. 9:14• 14by how much rather shall the blood of the Christ, who by [the] eternal Spirit offered himself spotless to God, purify your conscience from dead works to serve a living God? (Heb. 9:14)

More on:

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God,
Power,
Resurrection,
Spirit,
The Son; Son of God

Cross References

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Ministry on This Verse

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declared.
Gr. determined.
the Son.
Rom. 1:3• 3concerning his Son, that was born of David's seed according to flesh, (Rom. 1:3)
;
John 2:18‑21• 18The Jews therefore answered and said to him, What sign showest thou to us that thou doest these things?
 19Jesus answered and said to them, Destroy this temple and in three days I will raise it up.
 20The Jews therefore said, In forty and six years was this temple built, and wilt thou raise it up in three days?
 21But he spoke of the temple of his body. (John 2:18‑21)
;
Acts 2:24,32• 24whom God raised up, having loosed the pangs of death, inasmuch as it was not possible that he should be held fast by it.
 32This Jesus did God raise up whereof all we are witnesses. (Acts 2:24,32)
;
Acts 3:15• 15but the Author of life ye killed, whom God raised from [the] dead of which we are witnesses; (Acts 3:15)
;
Acts 4:10‑12• 10be it known to you all and to all the people of Israel, that in the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth, whom ye crucified, whom God raised from [the] dead, in him he standeth before you whole.
 11He is the Stone that was set at nought by you the builders, that was made head of [the] corner.
 12And in none other is there salvation; for neither is there a different name under heaven that is given among men by which we must be saved. (Acts 4:10‑12)
;
Acts 5:30‑32• 30The God of our fathers raised up Jesus whom ye slew by hanging on a tree:
 31him God exalted with his right hand as Leader and Saviour to give repentance to Israel and remission of sins.
 32And we are [his] witnesses of these things and the Holy Spirit whom God gave to those that obey him. (Acts 5:30‑32)
;
Acts 13:33‑35• 33that God hath fulfilled this to us their children having raised up Jesus; as also in the second psalm it is written, Thou art my Son: this day have I begotten thee.
 34But that he raised him from [the] dead, no more to return unto corruption, he hath spoken thus, I will give you the faithful mercies of David;
 35wherefore also in another [psalm] he saith, Thou wilt not suffer thy holy one to see corruption. (Acts 13:33‑35)
;
Acts 17:31• 31inasmuch as he has appointed a day, in which he is about to judge the world in righteousness by a Man whom he marked out, having given assurance to all in that he raised him from [the] dead. (Acts 17:31)
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2 Cor. 13:4• 4for although he was crucified in weakness, yet he liveth by God's power; for indeed we are weak in him, but shall live with him by God's power toward you), (2 Cor. 13:4)
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Eph. 1:19‑23• 19and what the surpassing greatness of his power toward us that believe, according to the working of the might of his strength,
 20which he wrought in the Christ in having raised him out of the dead, and seated [him] at his right hand in the heavenly [places],
 21far above every principality and authority and power and lordship and every name named not only in this age but also in that to come;
 22and put all things under his feet, and gave him as head over all things to the assembly,
 23which is his body, the fullness of him that filleth all in all. (Eph. 1:19‑23)
;
Heb. 5:5‑6• 5So the Christ also glorified not himself to be made high priest; but he that spoke unto him, My Son art thou: I Today have begotten thee;
 6even as also in another [place] he saith, Thou [art] priest forever according to the order of Melchizedek; (Heb. 5:5‑6)
;
Rev. 1:18• 18and the living one: and I was dead, and, behold, I am alive unto the ages of the ages; and I have the keys of death and of hades. (Rev. 1:18)
according.
Luke 18:31‑33• 31{i}And{/i} he taking the twelve to [him] said to them, Behold, we go up to Jerusalem, and all the things written by the prophets of the Son of man shall be accomplished;
 32for he shall be delivered up to the nations and shall be mocked, and insulted, and spit upon;
 33and when they have scourged him they will kill him, and on the third day he will rise again. (Luke 18:31‑33)
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Luke 24:26‑27• 26Ought not the Christ to have suffered these things and to enter into his glory?
 27And beginning from Moses and from all the prophets, he interpreted to them in all the scriptures the things concerning himself. (Luke 24:26‑27)
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Heb. 9:14• 14by how much rather shall the blood of the Christ, who by [the] eternal Spirit offered himself spotless to God, purify your conscience from dead works to serve a living God? (Heb. 9:14)
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1 Peter 1:11• 11searching what or what sort of time the Spirit of Christ that [was] in them did indicate when testifying beforehand the sufferings that [were] for Christ, and the glories after them. (1 Peter 1:11)
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2 Peter 1:21• 21for no prophecy was ever brought by will of man, but [holy] men spoke from God, moved by [the] Holy Spirit. (2 Peter 1:21)
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Rev. 19:10• 10And I fell before his feet to worship him. And he saith to me, See {i}thou do it{/i} not: I am fellow-servant of thee and of thy brethren that have the testimony of Jesus: worship God. For the testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy. (Rev. 19:10)
• The Son of God in power, who, in the midst of sin, walked by the Spirit in divine and absolute holiness (resurrection being the illustrious and victorious proof of who He was, walking in this character). (“Romans 1:1-17” by J.N. Darby)
• This victory over death, this deliverance of man from its dominion, by the power of the Son of God become man, when He had undergone it, and that as a sacrifice for sin, is the only ground of hope for mortal and sinful man. It sets aside all that sin and death have to say. It destroys, for him who has a portion in Christ, the seal of judgment upon sin, which is in death; and a new man, a new life, begins for him who had been held under it . (“Romans 1:1-17” by J.N. Darby)
• He was also "declared [marked out) the Son of God." This emphasizes His divinity. Note: there was a point in time when He came "of David's seed" (at His incarnation), but there never was a time when He became "the Son of God." (“Opening Salutations: Romans 1:1-17” by B. Anstey)
• The Lord's family lineage proved that He was "the seed of David" (Matt. 1), but His acts of power in raising the dead proved that He is "the Son of God." (“Opening Salutations: Romans 1:1-17” by B. Anstey)

J. N. Darby Translation

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marked out Son of God in power, according to the Spirith of holinessi, by resurrection of the deadk) Jesus Christ our Lord;

JND Translation Notes

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h
In many cases it is impossible to put a small or a large S rightly to the word Spirit, as the presence and power of the Holy Spirit characterizes the state, and that and the state are both included; so it is here. It is divine, not merely human, perfectness, and by the Holy Spirit, yet it is Christ's state. But it is not merely a state, but that state which consists in the presence and power of the Holy Spirit, and is the absolute expression of it. On the whole, I put a large S here, but it is the Son manifested on earth who is spoken of, and characteristic of him. Resurrection was the proof, but he who had eyes to see, saw what came in flesh justified in the Spirit even when here, the same Spirit which was quickening power in resurrection, as 1 Pet. 3.18.
i
Hagiosune, the nature and quality itself, as 2 Cor. 7.1 and 1 Thess. 3.13. Distinct from hagiasmos, the practical effect produced, the character in activity, translated "holiness" in Rom. 6.19,22; 1 Cor. 1.30; 1 Tim. 2.15; Heb. 12.14; and "sanctification" in 1 Thess. 4.3; 4.7; 2 Thess. 2.13 and 1 Pet. 1.2. Another word, hagiotes, is used in Heb. 12.10 (the only time in Scripture), for the quality itself.
k
Plural, "of dead persons."

W. Kelly Translation

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that was marked out Son of God in power according to [the] Spirit of holiness by resurrection of [the] deada, Jesus Christ our Lord,

WK Translation Notes

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a
The exact meaning is, that Christ was to be the first strictly and properly risen from the dead, "that he should be the first that should rise from the dead." It is a characteristic description, and therefore without the article. If the English idiom admitted of the phrase "by dead resurrection," it would convey the sense of the Greek; but this would be to revolutionize the language, and to Hellenize, not to translate.