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Romans 1

Rom. 1:28 KJV (With Strong’s)

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28
And
kai (Greek #2532)
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
KJV usage: and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet.
Pronounce: kahee
Origin: apparently, a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force
even as
kathos (Greek #2531)
just (or inasmuch) as, that
KJV usage: according to, (according, even) as, how, when.
Pronounce: kath-oce'
Origin: from 2596 and 5613
they did
dokimazo (Greek #1381)
to test (literally or figuratively); by implication, to approve
KJV usage: allow, discern, examine, X like, (ap-)prove, try.
Pronounce: dok-im-ad'-zo
Origin: from 1384
not
ou (Greek #3756)
the absolute negative (compare 3361) adverb; no or not
KJV usage: + long, nay, neither, never, no (X man), none, (can-)not, + nothing, + special, un(-worthy), when, + without, + yet but. See also 3364, 3372.
Pronounce: oo
Origin: οὐκ (ook), and (before an aspirate) οὐχ (ookh) a primary word
like
dokimazo (Greek #1381)
to test (literally or figuratively); by implication, to approve
KJV usage: allow, discern, examine, X like, (ap-)prove, try.
Pronounce: dok-im-ad'-zo
Origin: from 1384
ζto retain
echo (Greek #2192)
(used in certain tenses only) a primary verb; to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or condition)
KJV usage: be (able, X hold, possessed with), accompany, + begin to amend, can(+ -not), X conceive, count, diseased, do + eat, + enjoy, + fear, following, have, hold, keep, + lack, + go to law, lie, + must needs, + of necessity, + need, next, + recover, + reign, + rest, + return, X sick, take for, + tremble, + uncircumcised, use.
Pronounce: ekh'-o
Origin: σχέω (skheh'-o)
God
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
theos (Greek #2316)
a deity, especially (with 3588) the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very
KJV usage: X exceeding, God, god(-ly, -ward).
Pronounce: theh'-os
Origin: of uncertain affinity
in
en (Greek #1722)
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.
KJV usage: about, after, against, + almost, X altogether, among, X as, at, before, between, (here-)by (+ all means), for (... sake of), + give self wholly to, (here-)in(-to, -wardly), X mightily, (because) of, (up-)on, (open-)ly, X outwardly, one, X quickly, X shortly, (speedi-)ly, X that, X there(-in, -on), through(-out), (un-)to(-ward), under, when, where(-with), while, with(-in). Often used in compounds, with substantially the same import; rarely with verbs of motion, and then not to indicate direction, except (elliptically) by a separate (and different) preposition.
Pronounce: en
Origin: a primary preposition denoting (fixed) position (in place, time or state), and (by implication) instrumentality (medially or constructively), i.e. a relation of rest (intermediate between 1519 and 1537)
their knowledge
epignosis (Greek #1922)
recognition, i.e. (by implication) full discernment, acknowledgement
KJV usage: (ac-)knowledge(-ing, - ment).
Pronounce: ep-ig'-no-sis
Origin: from 1921
, God
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
theos (Greek #2316)
a deity, especially (with 3588) the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very
KJV usage: X exceeding, God, god(-ly, -ward).
Pronounce: theh'-os
Origin: of uncertain affinity
gave
paradidomi (Greek #3860)
to surrender, i.e yield up, intrust, transmit
KJV usage: betray, bring forth, cast, commit, deliver (up), give (over, up), hazard, put in prison, recommend.
Pronounce: par-ad-id'-o-mee
Origin: from 3844 and 1325
them
autos (Greek #846)
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative 1438) of the third person , and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
KJV usage: her, it(-self), one, the other, (mine) own, said, (self-), the) same, ((him-, my-, thy- )self, (your-)selves, she, that, their(-s), them(-selves), there(-at, - by, -in, -into, -of, -on, -with), they, (these) things, this (man), those, together, very, which. Compare 848.
Pronounce: ow-tos'
Origin: from the particle αὖ (perhaps akin to the base of 109 through the idea of a baffling wind) (backward)
over
paradidomi (Greek #3860)
to surrender, i.e yield up, intrust, transmit
KJV usage: betray, bring forth, cast, commit, deliver (up), give (over, up), hazard, put in prison, recommend.
Pronounce: par-ad-id'-o-mee
Origin: from 3844 and 1325
to
eis (Greek #1519)
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
KJV usage: (abundant-)ly, against, among, as, at, (back-)ward, before, by, concerning, + continual, + far more exceeding, for (intent, purpose), fore, + forth, in (among, at, unto, -so much that, -to), to the intent that, + of one mind, + never, of, (up-)on, + perish, + set at one again, (so) that, therefore(-unto), throughout, til, to (be, the end, -ward), (here-)until(-to), ...ward, (where-)fore, with. Often used in composition with the same general import, but only with verbs (etc.) expressing motion (literally or figuratively).
Pronounce: ice
Origin: a primary preposition
θa reprobate
adokimos (Greek #96)
unapproved, i.e. rejected; by implication, worthless (literally or morally)
KJV usage: castaway, rejected, reprobate.
Pronounce: ad-ok'-ee-mos
Origin: from 1 (as a negative particle) and 1384
mind
nous (Greek #3563)
the intellect, i.e. mind (divine or human; in thought, feeling, or will); by implication, meaning
KJV usage: mind, understanding. Compare 5590.
Pronounce: nooce
Origin: probably from the base of 1097
, to do
poieo (Greek #4160)
to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)
KJV usage: abide, + agree, appoint, X avenge, + band together, be, bear, + bewray, bring (forth), cast out, cause, commit, + content, continue, deal, + without any delay, (would) do(-ing), execute, exercise, fulfil, gain, give, have, hold, X journeying, keep, + lay wait, + lighten the ship, make, X mean, + none of these things move me, observe, ordain, perform, provide, + have purged, purpose, put, + raising up, X secure, shew, X shoot out, spend, take, tarry, + transgress the law, work, yield. Compare 4238.
Pronounce: poy-eh'-o
Origin: apparently a prolonged form of an obsolete primary
those things
ho (Greek #3588)
the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
KJV usage: the, this, that, one, he, she, it, etc.
Pronounce: ho
Origin: ἡ (hay), and the neuter τό (to) in all their inflections
which are
katheko (Greek #2520)
to reach to, i.e. (neuter of present active participle, figuratively as adjective) becoming
KJV usage: convenient, fit.
Pronounce: kath-ay'-ko
Origin: from 2596 and 2240
not
me (Greek #3361)
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas 3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
KJV usage: any but (that), X forbear, + God forbid, + lack, lest, neither, never, no (X wise in), none, nor, (can-)not, nothing, that not, un(-taken), without. Often used in compounds in substantially the same relations. See also 3362, 3363, 3364, 3372, 3373, 3375, 3378.
Pronounce: may
Origin: a primary particle of qualified negation (whereas 3756 expresses an absolute denial)
convenient
katheko (Greek #2520)
to reach to, i.e. (neuter of present active participle, figuratively as adjective) becoming
KJV usage: convenient, fit.
Pronounce: kath-ay'-ko
Origin: from 2596 and 2240
;
ζ
or, to acknowledge.
θ
or, a mind void of judgment.

More on:

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God,
Reprobate

Cross References

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Ministry on This Verse

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as they did.
Rom. 1:18,21• 18For there is revealed God's wrath from heaven upon all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men that hold the truth in unrighteousness.
 21Because, having known God, they glorified him not as God nor were thankful, but became vain in their thoughts, and their heart void of understanding was darkened. (Rom. 1:18,21)
;
Job 21:14‑15•  (Job 21:14‑15)
;
Prov. 1:7,22,29•  (Prov. 1:7,22,29)
;
Prov. 5:12‑13•  (Prov. 5:12‑13)
;
Prov. 17:16•  (Prov. 17:16)
;
Jer. 4:22•  (Jer. 4:22)
;
Jer. 9:6•  (Jer. 9:6)
;
Hos. 4:6•  (Hos. 4:6)
;
Acts 17:23,32• 23for passing through and closely observing the objects of your worship, I found also an altar on which was the inscription: To an unknown God. What therefore, ye, without knowing, worship, this I announce to you.
 32Now when they heard of resurrection of dead [men] some mocked, but others said, We will hear thee concerning this yet again. (Acts 17:23,32)
;
Rom. 8:7‑8• 7because the mind of the flesh [is] enmity against God; for it is not subject to the law of God, for indeed it cannot;
 8but those that are in flesh cannot please God. (Rom. 8:7‑8)
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1 Cor. 15:34• 34Wake up righteously, and sin not; for some are ignorant of God: I speak unto your shame. (1 Cor. 15:34)
;
2 Cor. 4:4‑6• 4in whom the god of this age blinded the minds of the faithless, that the illumination of the gospel of the glory of Christ, who is [the] image of God, should not shine forth.
 5For not ourselves do we preach, but Jesus Christ as Lord, and ourselves your bondmen for Jesus' sake,
 6because it is the God that bade light shine out of darkness, who shone in our hearts for the illumination of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ. (2 Cor. 4:4‑6)
;
2 Cor. 10:5• 5pulling down reasonings and every height that exalteth itself against the knowledge of God, and leading captive every thought unto the obedience of Christ, (2 Cor. 10:5)
;
2 Thess. 1:8• 8in flaming fire, rendering vengeance to those that know not God and to those that obey not the gospel of our Lord Jesus; (2 Thess. 1:8)
;
2 Thess. 2:10‑12• 10and in all deceit of unrighteousness for those that perish, because they received not the love of the truth that they might be saved.
 11And for this cause God sendeth them a working of error that they should believe falsehood,
 12that all might be judged who believed not the truth but had pleasure in unrighteousness. (2 Thess. 2:10‑12)
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2 Peter 3:5• 5For this escapeth their notice willingly, that by the word of God heavens were of old, and an earth having its subsistence out of water and through water; (2 Peter 3:5)
retain.
or, acknowledge.
a reprobate mind.
or, a mind voidof judgment.
Jer. 6:30•  (Jer. 6:30)
;
2 Cor. 13:5‑7• 5try your own selves whether ye be in the faith, prove your own selves. Or recognize ye not as to your own selves that Jesus Christ is in you, unless indeed ye be reprobate?
 6But I hope ye shall know that we are not reprobate.
 7But we pray unto God that ye may do nothing evil, not that we may appear approved, but that ye may do the right though we be as reprobate. (2 Cor. 13:5‑7)
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2 Tim. 3:8• 8And in the manner that Jannes and Jambres withstood Moses, so do these also withstand the truth, men corrupted in mind, reprobate concerning the faith. (2 Tim. 3:8)
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Titus 1:16• 16They profess to know God; but in works they deny [him], being abominable and disobedient, and for every good work reprobate. (Titus 1:16)
not convenient.
Eph. 5:4• 4and filthiness and foolish talking or jesting, which are not becoming, but rather thanksgiving. (Eph. 5:4)
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Philem. 8• 8Wherefore, having much boldness to enjoin thee what is befitting, (Philem. 8)
• A third consequence of men turning their backs on the knowledge of God in creation is that they began to commit all manner of anti-social sins against their fellow men—violence and injustice, etc. (“The Unrighteousness of Man: Romans 1:18-3:20” by B. Anstey)
• The Heathen Have Gone Away From God in Three Ways —In their theology (sin against God)—idolatry (vss. 21-23). —In their morality (sin against their own bodies)­ homosexuality (vss. 24-27). —In their social life (sin against their fellow men)—violence and corruption (vss. 28-32). (“The Unrighteousness of Man: Romans 1:18-3:20” by B. Anstey)

J. N. Darby Translation

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28
And according as they did not think goodd to have God in their knowledge, God gave them up to a reprobatee mind to practise unseemly things;

JND Translation Notes

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d
Not "did not like." The word means "to assay, test, prove," and thence "to approve" as Phil. 1.10.
e
Or, as some, "a mind void of moral discernment."

W. Kelly Translation

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28
And even as they disapproveda to have God in acknowledgmentb, God gave them up unto a reprobate mindc to do improper things;

WK Translation Notes

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a
From the word "proving" in the sense of assaying, the word comes to mean "approve," or think good, or choose.
b
Or, "in [their] knowledge."
c
The word is here translated "reprobate," as this well suits the phrase and contrasts their not approving to retain God in their knowledge with His giving them over to a "disapproved" mind. But it may rightly bear an active sense, and would then mean an "undiscerning" mind, as the sentence on their presumption in rejecting God after pretending to test and try the matter.