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Hosea, Hoshea, Oshea
Hosea, Hoshea, Oshea
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“Hosea” From
Boyd’s Bible Dictionary
:
(help). First of minor prophets. Prophetic career, B. C. 784-725, in
Israel
. Denounces the idolatries of Israel and
Samaria
. Style obscure.
“Hoshea” From
Boyd’s Bible Dictionary
:
(
salvation
). (1) Nineteenth and last king of
Israel
, B. C. 730-721. Conquered and imprisoned by
Shalmaneser
(
2 Kings 15:30; 17:1-6
30
And Hoshea the son of Elah made a conspiracy against Pekah the son of Remaliah, and smote him, and slew him, and reigned in his stead, in the twentieth year of Jotham the son of Uzziah. (2 Kings 15:30)
1
In the twelfth year of Ahaz king of Judah began Hoshea the son of Elah to reign in Samaria over Israel nine years.
2
And he did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord, but not as the kings of Israel that were before him.
3
Against him came up Shalmaneser king of Assyria; and Hoshea became his servant, and gave him presents.
4
And the king of Assyria found conspiracy in Hoshea: for he had sent messengers to So king of Egypt, and brought no present to the king of Assyria, as he had done year by year: therefore the king of Assyria shut him up, and bound him in prison.
5
Then the king of Assyria came up throughout all the land, and went up to Samaria, and besieged it three years.
6
In the ninth year of Hoshea the king of Assyria took Samaria, and carried Israel away into Assyria, and placed them in Halah and in Habor by the river of Gozan, and in the cities of the Medes. (2 Kings 17:1‑6)
;
Hos. 13:16
16
Samaria shall become desolate; for she hath rebelled against her God: they shall fall by the sword: their infants shall be dashed in pieces, and their women with child shall be ripped up. (Hosea 13:16)
). (2)
Son
of Nunn (
Deut. 32:44
44
And Moses came and spake all the words of this song in the ears of the people, he, and Hoshea the son of Nun. (Deuteronomy 32:44)
. (3) An
Ephraimite
(
1 Chron. 27:20
20
Of the children of Ephraim, Hoshea the son of Azaziah: of the half tribe of Manasseh, Joel the son of Pedaiah: (1 Chronicles 27:20)
). (4) A co-covenanter (
Neh. 10:23
23
Hoshea, Hananiah, Hashub, (Nehemiah 10:23)
).
“Oshea” From
Boyd’s Bible Dictionary
:
Original name of
Joshua
(
Num. 13:8,16
8
Of the tribe of Ephraim, Oshea the son of Nun. (Numbers 13:8)
16
These are the names of the men which Moses sent to spy out the land. And Moses called Oshea the son of Nun Jehoshua. (Numbers 13:16)
).
“Hosea” From
Concise Bible Dictionary
:
Nothing is related of the ancestors of
the
prophet
Hosea (whose name is identical with
Hoshea
) except that he was
the
son
of
Beeri
. He prophesied in the reigns of
Uzziah
,
Jotham
,
Ahaz
, and
Hezekiah
, kings of
Judah
, and of Jeroboam king of
Israel
. He is especially occupied with the moral condition of the people, principally of Israel, and the judgments that would follow. Israel is treated as in rebellion from the commencement. The
prophecy
divides itself thus: Hosea 1-3 gives
God
’s purposes respecting Israel; and in Hosea 4-14 the people are addressed: there are minor sub-divisions.
Hosea was to
act
a
parable
, by taking a “wife of whoredoms,” which may mean that the
woman
that he was to take
would be
unfaithful to him; but
grace
abounds over
sin
. Hosea’s wife was symbolical of Israel who had been unfaithful to
Jehovah
. He took
Gomer
the
daughter
of
Diblaim
, who bore him a son, who, by the
Lord
’s direction, was called
Jezreel
(a place that had witnessed the judgments of God.
2 Kings 9:30-37
30
And when Jehu was come to Jezreel, Jezebel heard of it; and she painted her face, and tired her head, and looked out at a window.
31
And as Jehu entered in at the gate, she said, Had Zimri peace, who slew his master?
32
And he lifted up his face to the window, and said, Who is on my side? who? And there looked out to him two or three eunuchs.
33
And he said, Throw her down. So they threw her down: and some of her blood was sprinkled on the wall, and on the horses: and he trode her under foot.
34
And when he was come in, he did eat and drink, and said, Go, see now this cursed woman, and bury her: for she is a king's daughter.
35
And they went to bury her: but they found no more of her than the skull, and the feet, and the palms of her hands.
36
Wherefore they came again, and told him. And he said, This is the word of the Lord, which he spake by his servant Elijah the Tishbite, saying, In the portion of Jezreel shall dogs eat the flesh of Jezebel:
37
And the carcase of Jezebel shall be as dung upon the face of the field in the portion of Jezreel; so that they shall not say, This is Jezebel. (2 Kings 9:30‑37)
). The prophet’s wife then bare a daughter, and her name was called
Lo-
ruhamah
, “not having obtained
mercy
”; no more mercy was to be shown to Israel. Again Gomer bare a son, and called his name
Lo-
ammi
, “not my people.” God would not acknowledge them as His. But a future
blessing
is at once announced to them, and those who had no claim to be God’s people should be called “sons of the living God.”
Paul
applies this to the
Gentiles
in
Romans 9:26
26
And it shall come to pass, that in the place where it was said unto them, Ye are not my people; there shall they be called the children of the living God. (Romans 9:26)
, as he does in verse 25 to the Jews (where Hosea is called
OSEE
).
Hosea 2. This introduces a
remnant
, the “
brethren
” and “sisters” of the prophet, those acted upon by the
Spirit
, to whom God’s message was
Ammi
, “my people”; and
Ruhamah
, “received in mercy.” They will plead with their
mother
—Israel in the mass—and tell her that she was not the wife of Jehovah. She must be dealt with in
judgment
, but the
valley
of Achor (where God’s anger was turned away,
Joshua 7:26
26
And they raised over him a great heap of stones unto this day. So the Lord turned from the fierceness of his anger. Wherefore the name of that place was called, The valley of Achor, unto this day. (Joshua 7:26)
) should be a
door
of
hope
. She will be able to call Jehovah
Ishi
, “
husband
,” and not
Baali
, “
master
.” Those that had not obtained mercy will obtain mercy; and those that had been declared “not God’s people” would be able to say, “Thou art my God” (Compare
1 Pet. 2:10
10
Which in time past were not a people, but are now the people of God: which had not obtained mercy, but now have obtained mercy. (1 Peter 2:10)
).
Hosea 3. This deals with the past, the present, and the future. Other details are given of their unfaithfulness and rejection. They should be many days without a king, or a
sacrifice
, or even an idol (as is the state of Israel in the present
day
); but they will afterward return, and seek Jehovah and their king, that is Christ.
Hosea 4. This commences the
appeal
to their consciences. The sins of the people are pointed out. Their prophets had failed, and the people were destroyed for lack of
knowledge
. The priests also had failed and it became “like people, like
priest
.” In
Hosea 4:15
15
Though thou, Israel, play the harlot, yet let not Judah offend; and come not ye unto Gilgal, neither go ye up to Beth-aven, nor swear, The Lord liveth. (Hosea 4:15)
Judah is warned not to follow the evil example of Israel. In
Hosea 4:17
17
Ephraim is joined to idols: let him alone. (Hosea 4:17)
, as elsewhere, Israel is called
Ephraim
, that being the chief of the
ten
tribes.
Hosea 5. The priests, the people, and the king are addressed. They had all sinned, and had been rebuked, but had not returned to Jehovah. Ephraim, instead of turning to Jehovah in his sickness, had sought the
Assyrian
—a king who could not cure them.
Hosea 6-7. The prophet touchingly appeals to the people to return to Jehovah: it must be in reality, and not merely in outward forms. They had, like
Adam
(
Hosea 6:7
7
But they like men have transgressed the covenant: there have they dealt treacherously against me. (Hosea 6:7)
, instead of “men”), transgressed the
covenant
(compare
Rom. 5:14
14
Nevertheless death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over them that had not sinned after the similitude of Adam's transgression, who is the figure of him that was to come. (Romans 5:14)
). The people encouraged the king and princes in their wickedness: their weakness was manifest, for strangers had devoured them. They would not turn to the Most High.
Hosea 8. They are still threatened for their impiety. Israel had “made many altars to sin,” and had leaned upon
Assyria
, an
arm
of
flesh
. Judah had trusted to her fenced cities: judgment should fall upon both.
Hosea 9. This reveals a touching mixture of the prophet’s affection for the people, and the judgments he is compelled to utter against them. Various illustrations are used to enforce his words.
Hosea 10. Israel was an empty
vine
. They are reproached for their altars and the golden calves: they had sinned from the days of
Gibeah
(Compare
Judg. 19:15-25
15
And they turned aside thither, to go in and to lodge in Gibeah: and when he went in, he sat him down in a street of the city: for there was no man that took them into his house to lodging.
16
And, behold, there came an old man from his work out of the field at even, which was also of mount Ephraim; and he sojourned in Gibeah: but the men of the place were Benjamites.
17
And when he had lifted up his eyes, he saw a wayfaring man in the street of the city: and the old man said, Whither goest thou? and whence comest thou?
18
And he said unto him, We are passing from Bethlehem-judah toward the side of mount Ephraim; from thence am I: and I went to Bethlehem-judah, but I am now going to the house of the Lord; and there is no man that receiveth me to house.
19
Yet there is both straw and provender for our asses; and there is bread and wine also for me, and for thy handmaid, and for the young man which is with thy servants: there is no want of any thing.
20
And the old man said, Peace be with thee; howsoever let all thy wants lie upon me; only lodge not in the street.
21
So he brought him into his house, and gave provender unto the asses: and they washed their feet, and did eat and drink.
22
Now as they were making their hearts merry, behold, the men of the city, certain sons of Belial, beset the house round about, and beat at the door, and spake to the master of the house, the old man, saying, Bring forth the man that came into thine house, that we may know him.
23
And the man, the master of the house, went out unto them, and said unto them, Nay, my brethren, nay, I pray you, do not so wickedly; seeing that this man is come into mine house, do not this folly.
24
Behold, here is my daughter a maiden, and his concubine; them I will bring out now, and humble ye them, and do with them what seemeth good unto you: but unto this man do not so vile a thing.
25
But the men would not hearken to him: so the man took his concubine, and brought her forth unto them; and they knew her, and abused her all the night until the morning: and when the day began to spring, they let her go. (Judges 19:15‑25)
).
Hosea 11. Israel had been called out of
Egypt
, but the fulfillment of this call was verified in the history of the Lord (
Matt. 2:15
15
And was there until the death of Herod: that it might be fulfilled which was spoken of the Lord by the prophet, saying, Out of Egypt have I called my son. (Matthew 2:15)
). For their sin they should be as
Admah
and
Zeboim
(compare
Deut. 29:23
23
And that the whole land thereof is brimstone, and salt, and burning, that it is not sown, nor beareth, nor any grass groweth therein, like the overthrow of Sodom, and Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboim, which the Lord overthrew in his anger, and in his wrath: (Deuteronomy 29:23)
). Assyria should be the place of their
captivity
. Jehovah yearned over them and would not destroy them, for He is God, not
man
.
Hosea 12. The prophet enters into the detail of God’s moral relationship with Israel, in order that the force of their being rejected by Him may convict them of their sin. They were to study how God had dealt with
Jacob
. The prophet in this chapter, as also in
Hosea 10:9
9
O Israel, thou hast sinned from the days of Gibeah: there they stood: the battle in Gibeah against the children of iniquity did not overtake them. (Hosea 10:9)
, refers to the
beginning
of evil in the history of the people. Jacob’s character was reproduced in his descendants.
Hosea 13. Here again is found the conflict between the prophet’s affection for the people, and the
punishment
God was compelled to inflict. And here again, almost as soon as the punishment is pronounced, God’s thoughts of grace are uttered.
Hosea 14. This speaks of restoration. Iniquity is acknowledged and
forgiveness
asked. Assyria shall no more be appealed to, nor the work of their hands be called their God. Abundant blessing is then foretold. Ephraim will say, “What have I to do any more with idols?” God’s answer, “I have heard him and observed him.” Again Ephraim says, “I am like a green
fir
tree”; and the answer is, “From me is thy fruit found.” The prophecy ends with the declaration that the wise and the prudent will grasp the things revealed; “for the ways of the Lord are right, and the just shall walk in them; but the transgressors shall fall therein.”
Thus the dealings of God with Israel and Judah are dealt with in Hosea more fully perhaps than in any other of the minor prophets. The learned look upon Hosea as the most difficult of
the prophets
to translate, its abrupt transitions being numerous and hard to understand, because of its dealing strictly with Jewish circumstances.
“Hoshea” From
Concise Bible Dictionary
:
1.
The original name of
JOSHUA
,
the
son
of
Nun
(
Deut. 32:44
44
And Moses came and spake all the words of this song in the ears of the people, he, and Hoshea the son of Nun. (Deuteronomy 32:44)
).
2.
Son of
Azaziah
and a chief of the tribe of
Ephraim
(
1 Chron. 27:20
20
Of the children of Ephraim, Hoshea the son of Azaziah: of the half tribe of Manasseh, Joel the son of Pedaiah: (1 Chronicles 27:20)
).
3.
Son of
Elah
and the last king of
Israel
. He conspired against
Pekah
and slew him, and reigned in his stead, “in the twentieth
year
of
Jotham
.” (But Jotham reigned only 16 years, and the above probably means that Pekah was slain in the twentieth year after Jotham became king.) There was then anarchy for about 9 years, thought to be noticed in Hosea 10; and Hoshea began to reign B.C. 730, the twelfth year of
Ahaz
, which agrees with
2 Kings 17:1
1
In the twelfth year of Ahaz king of Judah began Hoshea the son of Elah to reign in Samaria over Israel nine years. (2 Kings 17:1)
. He did evil in the sight of the
Lord
, but was not so bad as the kings that had preceded him. He sought an
alliance
with the king of
Egypt
against the king of
Assyria
, who imprisoned him in bonds.
Three
years later
Samaria
was attacked, and after three years it was taken, and the people carried away; but the fate of Hoshea is not revealed (
2 Kings 15:30; 17:1-6; 28:1,9,19
30
And Hoshea the son of Elah made a conspiracy against Pekah the son of Remaliah, and smote him, and slew him, and reigned in his stead, in the twentieth year of Jotham the son of Uzziah. (2 Kings 15:30)
1
In the twelfth year of Ahaz king of Judah began Hoshea the son of Elah to reign in Samaria over Israel nine years.
2
And he did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord, but not as the kings of Israel that were before him.
3
Against him came up Shalmaneser king of Assyria; and Hoshea became his servant, and gave him presents.
4
And the king of Assyria found conspiracy in Hoshea: for he had sent messengers to So king of Egypt, and brought no present to the king of Assyria, as he had done year by year: therefore the king of Assyria shut him up, and bound him in prison.
5
Then the king of Assyria came up throughout all the land, and went up to Samaria, and besieged it three years.
6
In the ninth year of Hoshea the king of Assyria took Samaria, and carried Israel away into Assyria, and placed them in Halah and in Habor by the river of Gozan, and in the cities of the Medes. (2 Kings 17:1‑6)
).
4.
A chief of the people who sealed the
covenant
.
Neh. 10:23
23
Hoshea, Hananiah, Hashub, (Nehemiah 10:23)
.
“Oshea” From
Concise Bible Dictionary
:
Son
of
Nun
, afterward named
JOSHUA
(
Num. 13:8, 16
8
Of the tribe of Ephraim, Oshea the son of Nun. (Numbers 13:8)
16
These are the names of the men which Moses sent to spy out the land. And Moses called Oshea the son of Nun Jehoshua. (Numbers 13:16)
).
Strong’s Dictionary of Hebrew Words:
Number:
1954
(
find all occurrences in KJV Bible
)
Transliteration:
Howshea`
Phonic:
ho-shay’-ah
Meaning:
from
3467
; deliverer; Hoshea, the name of five Israelites
KJV Usage:
Hosea, Hoshea, Oshea
Jackson’s
Dictionary of Scripture Proper Names
:
to save
Potts’
Bible Proper Names
:
He has saved:―equivalent to Hoshea, the original name of Joshua, Num. 13:8. {Liberavit}
Call: 1-630-543-1441
“Study to show thyself approved unto God, … rightly dividing the word of truth” (2 Timothy 2:15).
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