Haggai

Boyd’s Bible Dictionary:

(festive). A minor prophet. His book, fifteenth of the prophetic, exhorts the Jews to crown the work of Zerubbabel.

Concise Bible Dictionary:

Scripture is silent as to the ancestors of this prophet. He stands as to date at the return from captivity, and his prophecy is mostly occupied with the house of the Lord, the temple at Jerusalem. About the year B.C. 535, by order of Cyrus, under God, the rebuilding of the temple had been begun; but in consequence of the opposition from without, and the Jews’ lack of faith as to the purpose of God in restoring them to their land, the building was staye—d. It had been lying for some fifteen years in that state when God caused Haggai to prophesy, and charge the Jews themselves with neglect of the house. God had been dealing with them in providence, withholding the fruits of the earth; but they understood it not, until the prophet bade them consider their ways. They had made excuses that the time had not yet come to build God’s house; but they were building their own houses. The prophet bade them fetch wood and build the house, and God would take pleasure in it, though it might appear as nothing in their eyes.
Zerubbabel and Joshua at once responded, and the work was commenced with energy and without permission from the heathen authorities. When asked by whose permission they were building the house, they nobly said, “We are the servants of the God of heaven and earth.” Letters were sent to Babylon by the governors of the land, and then God so ordered it that formal permission was given to continue the building. By comparing Haggai 1:11In the second year of Darius the king, in the sixth month, in the first day of the month, came the word of the Lord by Haggai the prophet unto Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, governor of Judah, and to Joshua the son of Josedech, the high priest, saying, (Haggai 1:1) and Haggai 1:1515In the four and twentieth day of the sixth month, in the second year of Darius the king. (Haggai 1:15) it will be seen that in twenty-four days the work was resumed.
Haggai 2. There was encouragement for them, and exhortations to be strong: Jehovah was with them. They were reminded of their deliverance from Egypt, and the prophecy then goes on to the future, when God’s purpose will be fully accomplished. God is going to shake the heavens and the earth: “the desire of all nations shall come”—doubtless referring to Christ in an objective sense. God will fill His house with glory. And then it is added (as it should read) “the latter glory of this house shall be greater than the former.” There have now been three buildings, if the one restored by Herod be counted as one, and there will be another built by the Jews in unbelief; and another, as described by Ezekiel: yet all are designated “this house,” as the first and second are called “this house” in Haggai 2:33Who is left among you that saw this house in her first glory? and how do ye see it now? is it not in your eyes in comparison of it as nothing? (Haggai 2:3) (compare Ezra 5:1111And thus they returned us answer, saying, We are the servants of the God of heaven and earth, and build the house that was builded these many years ago, which a great king of Israel builded and set up. (Ezra 5:11)). The latter glory will be when Christ, “the desire of all nations,” shall come to it, and in that place He will give peace.
Haggai 2:10-1910In the four and twentieth day of the ninth month, in the second year of Darius, came the word of the Lord by Haggai the prophet, saying, 11Thus saith the Lord of hosts; Ask now the priests concerning the law, saying, 12If one bear holy flesh in the skirt of his garment, and with his skirt do touch bread, or pottage, or wine, or oil, or any meat, shall it be holy? And the priests answered and said, No. 13Then said Haggai, If one that is unclean by a dead body touch any of these, shall it be unclean? And the priests answered and said, It shall be unclean. 14Then answered Haggai, and said, So is this people, and so is this nation before me, saith the Lord; and so is every work of their hands; and that which they offer there is unclean. 15And now, I pray you, consider from this day and upward, from before a stone was laid upon a stone in the temple of the Lord: 16Since those days were, when one came to an heap of twenty measures, there were but ten: when one came to the pressfat for to draw out fifty vessels out of the press, there were but twenty. 17I smote you with blasting and with mildew and with hail in all the labors of your hands; yet ye turned not to me, saith the Lord. 18Consider now from this day and upward, from the four and twentieth day of the ninth month, even from the day that the foundation of the Lord's temple was laid, consider it. 19Is the seed yet in the barn? yea, as yet the vine, and the fig tree, and the pomegranate, and the olive tree, hath not brought forth: from this day will I bless you. (Haggai 2:10‑19) is a separate message from God, reminding the people how unclean they were, and every work of their hands; and how He had been dealing with them in discipline; yet they had not turned unto Him. But from the day of laying the foundation of Jehovah’s temple He would bless them.

Bible Handbook:

520 B.C. – 2 Chapters – 38 Verses
There are five books dealing with the returned remnants to Jerusalem and Judea. Two are mainly historical, namely, Nehemiah and Ezra; the former treating of the civil condition of things, while the latter is occupied with the ecclesiastical state of the people. The three closing books of the Old Testament, sometimes termed “Prophets of the Restoration,” prophesied in midst of these returned Jews, but in view of their utter and complete failure and ruin, uttering predictions not of judgment only, but, blessed be God! rich also in anticipations of that blessed future awaiting Israel and the earth, when after every testimony committed to man, and every steward and witness for God has proved a signal failure; when after a full and lengthened trial of the “first man,” the kingdom and glory will be established in power in the hands of the “Second man.” These times of blessing are nigh at hand.
The prophets Haggai and Zechariah (Ezra 5:11Then the prophets, Haggai the prophet, and Zechariah the son of Iddo, prophesied unto the Jews that were in Judah and Jerusalem in the name of the God of Israel, even unto them. (Ezra 5:1)) were commissioned to encourage the people to recommence the building of the temple, which had been interrupted for a number of years by the assiduous efforts of the Samaritans, who succeeded in getting a decree from the Persian King  —  Artaxerxes, forbidding the work (Ezra 4). Our prophet, therefore, abounds in reproofs, warnings and encouragements. Under the faithful and energetic ministry of these two prophets, the work of the temple which had been interrupted for about 14 years, was quickly resumed and finished. During that long interval, the people displayed a remarkable zeal for their own interests, planting, house-building, and the like, but were utterly regardless of Jehovah’s things, indolently and carelessly saying  —  “The time is not come  ... that the Lord’s house should be built.” The energetic remonstrances of the prophets named, Haggai especially, prevailed, and the people commenced building before Darius reversed the decree of Artaxerxes (Ezra 4), and granting another confirming the commandment of Cyrus, given 21 years before, and which had been so much in the people’s favour (Ezra 6); this is to be noted as showing that Jehovah was working for and His blessing resting upon the people; His presence too was with them (ch. 1:13). Thus the unalterable laws of the Medes and Persians, which bound even the monarchs themselves to obedience (Dan. 6:1515Then these men assembled unto the king, and said unto the king, Know, O king, that the law of the Medes and Persians is, That no decree nor statute which the king establisheth may be changed. (Daniel 6:15)), are changed according to the Divine pleasure. “The glory of this latter house,” chapter 2:9, reads “the latter glory of this house.” Paul beautifully and powerfully comments on chapter 2:6-7, in his Epistle to the Hebrews (ch. 12:25-29).
General Divisions
The book contains four messages, in each case termed “The word of the Lord.” These charges from Jehovah to the people were all delivered in the second year of Darius, and within the brief period of four months.
Chapter 1 or message 1  —  Sharp and solemn reproof as to the people’s indifference to the Lord’s interests; the gracious effect produced.
Chapter 2:1-9 or message 2  —  Exceedingly cheering and encouraging, and withal, beautifully prophetic of latter-day glory connected with the Temple.
Chapter 2:10-19 or message 3  —  A solemn call to the people to consider their ways.
Chapter 2:20-23 or message 4  —  Jehovah will overturn and destroy the kingdoms and might of the earth, but will also remember His chosen.

Jackson’s Dictionary of Scripture Proper Names:

my feasts

Related Books and Articles:

Haggai
Narrator: Chris Genthree
Duration: 32min
Minor Prophets
Narrator: Chris Genthree
Duration: 2hr 31min
Lectures Introductory to the Bible: 3. Minor Prophets
Narrator: Ollie Genthree