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1 Peter 1

1 Peter 1:2 KJV (With Strong’s)

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2
Electc according to
kata (Greek #2596)
(prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined)
KJV usage: about, according as (to), after, against, (when they were) X alone, among, and, X apart, (even, like) as (concerning, pertaining to touching), X aside, at, before, beyond, by, to the charge of, (charita-)bly, concerning, + covered, (dai-)ly, down, every, (+ far more) exceeding, X more excellent, for, from ... to, godly, in(-asmuch, divers, every, -to, respect of), ... by, after the manner of, + by any means, beyond (out of) measure, X mightily, more, X natural, of (up-)on (X part), out (of every), over against, (+ your) X own, + particularly, so, through(-oughout, -oughout every), thus, (un-)to(-gether, -ward), X uttermost, where(-by), with. In composition it retains many of these applications, and frequently denotes opposition, distribution, or intensity.
Pronounce: kat-ah'
Origin: a primary particle
the foreknowledge
prognosis (Greek #4268)
forethought
KJV usage: foreknowled ge.
Pronounce: prog'-no-sis
Origin: from 4267
d of God
theos (Greek #2316)
a deity, especially (with 3588) the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very
KJV usage: X exceeding, God, god(-ly, -ward).
Pronounce: theh'-os
Origin: of uncertain affinity
the Father
pater (Greek #3962)
a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)
KJV usage: father, parent.
Pronounce: pat-ayr'
Origin: apparently a primary word
, through
en (Greek #1722)
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.
KJV usage: about, after, against, + almost, X altogether, among, X as, at, before, between, (here-)by (+ all means), for (... sake of), + give self wholly to, (here-)in(-to, -wardly), X mightily, (because) of, (up-)on, (open-)ly, X outwardly, one, X quickly, X shortly, (speedi-)ly, X that, X there(-in, -on), through(-out), (un-)to(-ward), under, when, where(-with), while, with(-in). Often used in compounds, with substantially the same import; rarely with verbs of motion, and then not to indicate direction, except (elliptically) by a separate (and different) preposition.
Pronounce: en
Origin: a primary preposition denoting (fixed) position (in place, time or state), and (by implication) instrumentality (medially or constructively), i.e. a relation of rest (intermediate between 1519 and 1537)
sanctification
hagiasmos (Greek #38)
properly, purification, i.e. (the state) purity; concretely (by Hebraism) a purifier
KJV usage: holiness, sanctification.
Pronounce: hag-ee-as-mos'
Origin: from 37
e of the Spirit
pneuma (Greek #4151)
a current of air, i.e. breath (blast) or a breeze; by analogy or figuratively, a spirit, i.e. (human) the rational soul, (by implication) vital principle, mental disposition, etc., or (superhuman) an angel, demon, or (divine) God, Christ's spirit, the Holy Spirit
KJV usage: ghost, life, spirit(-ual, -ually), mind. Compare 5590.
Pronounce: pnyoo'-mah
Origin: from 4154
, unto
eis (Greek #1519)
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
KJV usage: (abundant-)ly, against, among, as, at, (back-)ward, before, by, concerning, + continual, + far more exceeding, for (intent, purpose), fore, + forth, in (among, at, unto, -so much that, -to), to the intent that, + of one mind, + never, of, (up-)on, + perish, + set at one again, (so) that, therefore(-unto), throughout, til, to (be, the end, -ward), (here-)until(-to), ...ward, (where-)fore, with. Often used in composition with the same general import, but only with verbs (etc.) expressing motion (literally or figuratively).
Pronounce: ice
Origin: a primary preposition
f obedience
hupakoe (Greek #5218)
attentive hearkening, i.e. (by implication) compliance or submission
KJV usage: obedience, (make) obedient, obey(-ing).
Pronounce: hoop-ak-o-ay'
Origin: from 5219
and
kai (Greek #2532)
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
KJV usage: and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet.
Pronounce: kahee
Origin: apparently, a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force
sprinkling
rhantismos (Greek #4473)
aspersion (ceremonially or figuratively)
KJV usage: sprinkling.
Pronounce: hran-tis-mos'
Origin: from 4472
g of the blood
haima (Greek #129)
blood, literally (of men or animals), figuratively (the juice of grapes) or specially (the atoning blood of Christ); by implication, bloodshed, also kindred
KJV usage: blood.
Pronounce: hah'-ee-mah
Origin: of uncertain derivation
of Jesus
Iesous (Greek #2424)
Jesus (i.e. Jehoshua), the name of our Lord and two (three) other Israelites
KJV usage: Jesus.
Pronounce: ee-ay-sooce'
Origin: of Hebrew origin (03091)
Christ
Christos (Greek #5547)
anointed, i.e. the Messiah, an epithet of Jesus
KJV usage: Christ.
Pronounce: khris-tos'
Origin: from 5548
: Grace
charis (Greek #5485)
graciousness (as gratifying), of manner or act (abstract or concrete; literal, figurative or spiritual; especially the divine influence upon the heart, and its reflection in the life; including gratitude)
KJV usage: acceptable, benefit, favour, gift, grace(- ious), joy, liberality, pleasure, thank(-s, -worthy).
Pronounce: khar'-ece
Origin: from 5463
unto you
humin (Greek #5213)
to (with or by) you
KJV usage: ye, you, your(-selves).
Pronounce: hoo-min'
Origin: irregular dative case of 5210
, and
kai (Greek #2532)
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
KJV usage: and, also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when, yet.
Pronounce: kahee
Origin: apparently, a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force
peace
eirene (Greek #1515)
peace (literally or figuratively); by implication, prosperity
KJV usage: one, peace, quietness, rest, + set at one again.
Pronounce: i-ray'-nay
Origin: probably from a primary verb εἴρω (to join)
, be multiplied
plethuno (Greek #4129)
to increase (transitively or intransitively)
KJV usage: abound, multiply.
Pronounce: play-thoo'-no
Origin: from another form of 4128
i.
c
Eph. 1:4• 4According as he hath chosen us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and without blame before him in love: (Eph. 1:4)
d
Rom. 8:29• 29For whom he did foreknow, he also did predestinate to be conformed to the image of his Son, that he might be the firstborn among many brethren. (Rom. 8:29)
e
2 Thess. 2:13• 13But we are bound to give thanks alway to God for you, brethren beloved of the Lord, because God hath from the beginning chosen you to salvation through sanctification of the Spirit and belief of the truth: (2 Thess. 2:13)
f
Rom. 16:26• 26But now is made manifest, and by the scriptures of the prophets, according to the commandment of the everlasting God, made known to all nations for the obedience of faith: (Rom. 16:26)
g
Heb. 12:24• 24And to Jesus the mediator of the new covenant, and to the blood of sprinkling, that speaketh better things than that of Abel. (Heb. 12:24)
i
Jude 2• 2Mercy unto you, and peace, and love, be multiplied. (Jude 2)

More on:

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Blood,
Christ,
Father,
Foreknowledge,
God,
Grace (Chen, χάρις),
Peace,
Sanctification,
Spirit,
Sprinkling,
The Lord Jesus

Cross References

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Ministry on This Verse

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Elect.
1 Peter 2:9• 9But ye are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, an holy nation, a peculiar people; that ye should show forth the praises of him who hath called you out of darkness into his marvellous light: (1 Peter 2:9)
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Deut. 7:6• 6For thou art an holy people unto the Lord thy God: the Lord thy God hath chosen thee to be a special people unto himself, above all people that are upon the face of the earth. (Deut. 7:6)
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Isa. 65:9,22• 9And I will bring forth a seed out of Jacob, and out of Judah an inheritor of my mountains: and mine elect shall inherit it, and my servants shall dwell there.
 22They shall not build, and another inhabit; they shall not plant, and another eat: for as the days of a tree are the days of my people, and mine elect shall long enjoy the work of their hands. (Isa. 65:9,22)
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Matt. 24:22,24,31• 22And except those days should be shortened, there should no flesh be saved: but for the elect's sake those days shall be shortened.
 24For there shall arise false Christs, and false prophets, and shall show great signs and wonders; insomuch that, if it were possible, they shall deceive the very elect.
 31And he shall send his angels with a great sound of a trumpet, and they shall gather together his elect from the four winds, from one end of heaven to the other. (Matt. 24:22,24,31)
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Mark 13:20,22,27• 20And except that the Lord had shortened those days, no flesh should be saved: but for the elect's sake, whom he hath chosen, he hath shortened the days.
 22For false Christs and false prophets shall rise, and shall show signs and wonders, to seduce, if it were possible, even the elect.
 27And then shall he send his angels, and shall gather together his elect from the four winds, from the uttermost part of the earth to the uttermost part of heaven. (Mark 13:20,22,27)
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Luke 18:7• 7And shall not God avenge his own elect, which cry day and night unto him, though he bear long with them? (Luke 18:7)
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John 15:16‑19• 16Ye have not chosen me, but I have chosen you, and ordained you, that ye should go and bring forth fruit, and that your fruit should remain: that whatsoever ye shall ask of the Father in my name, he may give it you.
 17These things I command you, that ye love one another.
 18If the world hate you, ye know that it hated me before it hated you.
 19If ye were of the world, the world would love his own: but because ye are not of the world, but I have chosen you out of the world, therefore the world hateth you. (John 15:16‑19)
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Rom. 8:29,33• 29For whom he did foreknow, he also did predestinate to be conformed to the image of his Son, that he might be the firstborn among many brethren.
 33Who shall lay any thing to the charge of God's elect? It is God that justifieth. (Rom. 8:29,33)
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Rom. 11:2,5‑7,28• 2God hath not cast away his people which he foreknew. Wot ye not what the scripture saith of Elias? how he maketh intercession to God against Israel, saying,
 5Even so then at this present time also there is a remnant according to the election of grace.
 6And if by grace, then is it no more of works: otherwise grace is no more grace. But if it be of works, then is it no more grace: otherwise work is no more work.
 7What then? Israel hath not obtained that which he seeketh for; but the election hath obtained it, and the rest were blinded
 28As concerning the gospel, they are enemies for your sakes: but as touching the election, they are beloved for the fathers' sakes. (Rom. 11:2,5‑7,28)
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Eph. 1:4‑5• 4According as he hath chosen us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and without blame before him in love:
 5Having predestinated us unto the adoption of children by Jesus Christ to himself, according to the good pleasure of his will, (Eph. 1:4‑5)
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Col. 3:12• 12Put on therefore, as the elect of God, holy and beloved, bowels of mercies, kindness, humbleness of mind, meekness, longsuffering; (Col. 3:12)
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2 Tim. 2:10• 10Therefore I endure all things for the elect's sakes, that they may also obtain the salvation which is in Christ Jesus with eternal glory. (2 Tim. 2:10)
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Titus 1:1• 1Paul, a servant of God, and an apostle of Jesus Christ, according to the faith of God's elect, and the acknowledging of the truth which is after godliness; (Titus 1:1)
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2 John 1,13• 1The elder unto the elect lady and her children, whom I love in the truth; and not I only, but also all they that have known the truth;
 13The children of thy elect sister greet thee. Amen. (2 John 1,13)
the foreknowledge.
Acts 2:23• 23Him, being delivered by the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God, ye have taken, and by wicked hands have crucified and slain: (Acts 2:23)
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Acts 15:18• 18Known unto God are all his works from the beginning of the world. (Acts 15:18)
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Rom. 8:29‑30• 29For whom he did foreknow, he also did predestinate to be conformed to the image of his Son, that he might be the firstborn among many brethren.
 30Moreover whom he did predestinate, them he also called: and whom he called, them he also justified: and whom he justified, them he also glorified. (Rom. 8:29‑30)
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Rom. 9:23‑24• 23And that he might make known the riches of his glory on the vessels of mercy, which he had afore prepared unto glory,
 24Even us, whom he hath called, not of the Jews only, but also of the Gentiles? (Rom. 9:23‑24)
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Rom. 11:2• 2God hath not cast away his people which he foreknew. Wot ye not what the scripture saith of Elias? how he maketh intercession to God against Israel, saying, (Rom. 11:2)
sanctification.
Acts 20:32• 32And now, brethren, I commend you to God, and to the word of his grace, which is able to build you up, and to give you an inheritance among all them which are sanctified. (Acts 20:32)
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Rom. 15:16• 16That I should be the minister of Jesus Christ to the Gentiles, ministering the gospel of God, that the offering up of the Gentiles might be acceptable, being sanctified by the Holy Ghost. (Rom. 15:16)
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1 Cor. 1:30• 30But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption: (1 Cor. 1:30)
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1 Cor. 6:11• 11And such were some of you: but ye are washed, but ye are sanctified, but ye are justified in the name of the Lord Jesus, and by the Spirit of our God. (1 Cor. 6:11)
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2 Thess. 2:13• 13But we are bound to give thanks alway to God for you, brethren beloved of the Lord, because God hath from the beginning chosen you to salvation through sanctification of the Spirit and belief of the truth: (2 Thess. 2:13)
unto.
1 Peter 1:22• 22Seeing ye have purified your souls in obeying the truth through the Spirit unto unfeigned love of the brethren, see that ye love one another with a pure heart fervently: (1 Peter 1:22)
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Rom. 1:5• 5By whom we have received grace and apostleship, for obedience to the faith among all nations, for his name: (Rom. 1:5)
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Rom. 8:13• 13For if ye live after the flesh, ye shall die: but if ye through the Spirit do mortify the deeds of the body, ye shall live. (Rom. 8:13)
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Rom. 16:19,26• 19For your obedience is come abroad unto all men. I am glad therefore on your behalf: but yet I would have you wise unto that which is good, and simple concerning evil.
 26But now is made manifest, and by the scriptures of the prophets, according to the commandment of the everlasting God, made known to all nations for the obedience of faith: (Rom. 16:19,26)
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2 Cor. 10:5• 5Casting down imaginations, and every high thing that exalteth itself against the knowledge of God, and bringing into captivity every thought to the obedience of Christ; (2 Cor. 10:5)
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Heb. 5:9• 9And being made perfect, he became the author of eternal salvation unto all them that obey him; (Heb. 5:9)
sprinkling.
Heb. 9:19‑22• 19For when Moses had spoken every precept to all the people according to the law, he took the blood of calves and of goats, with water, and scarlet wool, and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book, and all the people,
 20Saying, This is the blood of the testament which God hath enjoined unto you.
 21Moreover he sprinkled with blood both the tabernacle, and all the vessels of the ministry.
 22And almost all things are by the law purged with blood; and without shedding of blood is no remission. (Heb. 9:19‑22)
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Heb. 11:28• 28Through faith he kept the passover, and the sprinkling of blood, lest he that destroyed the firstborn should touch them. (Heb. 11:28)
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Heb. 12:24• 24And to Jesus the mediator of the new covenant, and to the blood of sprinkling, that speaketh better things than that of Abel. (Heb. 12:24)
Grace.
Rom. 1:7• 7To all that be in Rome, beloved of God, called to be saints: Grace to you and peace from God our Father, and the Lord Jesus Christ. (Rom. 1:7)
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2 Cor. 13:14• 14The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ, and the love of God, and the communion of the Holy Ghost, be with you all. Amen. <<The second epistle to the Corinthians was written from Philippi, a city of Macedonia, by Titus and Lucas.>> (2 Cor. 13:14)
be.
Isa. 55:7• 7Let the wicked forsake his way, and the unrighteous man his thoughts: and let him return unto the Lord, and he will have mercy upon him; and to our God, for he will abundantly pardon. (Isa. 55:7)
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Isa. 55•  (Isa. 55)
:*marg:;
Dan. 4:1• 1Nebuchadnezzar the king, unto all people, nations, and languages, that dwell in all the earth; Peace be multiplied unto you. (Dan. 4:1)
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Dan. 6:25• 25Then king Darius wrote unto all people, nations, and languages, that dwell in all the earth; Peace be multiplied unto you. (Dan. 6:25)
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2 Peter 1:2• 2Grace and peace be multiplied unto you through the knowledge of God, and of Jesus our Lord, (2 Peter 1:2)
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Jude 2• 2Mercy unto you, and peace, and love, be multiplied. (Jude 2)
• sanctification of the Spirit as here spoken of is for (εἰς) obedience, and such as Christ's in contrast with a mere Israelite's. It is also for " sprinkling with His blood," for the new life or divine nature in the saint wishes to obey God even before it knows the efficacy of His blood in a purged conscience; and hence the perfect order of the words in the phrase. (“On 1 Thessalonians 2:13-20” by W. Kelly)
• The Christian Jews, believing in Jesus not only Lord and Christ but Son of the living God, as our apostle first confessed Him, were chosen according to the foreknowledge of God the Father. (“1 Peter 1:2” by W. Kelly)
• The Spirit's activity is immediate and abiding, the ground of the practical holiness that ensues, which is but partial and relative; whereas what the apostle here introduces is a principle absolute, unfailing, and personal. (“1 Peter 1:2” by W. Kelly)
• We are thus sanctified, not externally but in the new life imparted, to obey as Christ obeyed and to be sprinkled with His precious blood. (“1 Peter 1:2” by W. Kelly)
• Behold, the blood of the covenant that Jehovah has made with you concerning all these words. The blood here was the special sanction of death, signified by the blood-sprinkling, in case of disobedience. With this ministry of legal condemnation for the sinner the apostle contrasts the Christian (“1 Peter 1:2” by W. Kelly)
• Sanctified unto the obedience of Jesus Christ and for the sprinkling of His blood, that is to say, on the one hand to obey as He obeyed, and on the other to be sprinkled with His blood and thus to be perfectly clear before God. (“1 Peter 1” by J.N. Darby)
• “According to,” indicating character. “Through,” indicating the means employed. “Unto,” indicating the end in view. (“1 Peter 1” by F.B. Hole)
• God’s election is never capricious and the idea of a sinner earnestly desiring salvation, and yet prevented by an adverse decree, is a nightmare of human reason and not Scripture. (“1 Peter 1” by F.B. Hole)
• His choice is made effectual “through sanctification of the Spirit” (ch. 1:2). The root idea of “sanctification” is “setting apart for God” and the Holy Spirit is He who, by His inward life-giving work, sets apart the one who is the subject of it. (“1 Peter 1” by F.B. Hole)
• Read Ex. 24:3-8, and you will observe there the order, first the obedience promised which the law demanded, then the sprinkling of the blood of the sacrifice in ratification. Peter, addressing believers who were very familiar with this, carefully observes this order, only showing that we Christians have these things on a far higher plane in a vital and spiritual way. (“1 Peter 1” by F.B. Hole)

J. N. Darby Translation

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elect according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, by sanctificationf of the Spirit, unto the obedience and sprinkling of the bloodg of Jesus Christ: Grace to you and peace be multiplied.

JND Translation Notes

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f
Hagiasmos, see Note i, Rom. 1.4.
g
"Jesus Christ" is connected with "obedience," as well as with "sprinkling of the blood."

W. Kelly Translation

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2
elect, according to foreknowledge of God [the] Father, ina [the] Spirit’s sanctificationb, unto obediencec and blood-sprinkling of Jesus Christ: grace to you and peace be multiplied.

WK Translation Notes

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a
Or, "by." What is the meaning of "in" sanctification of the Spirit? The Revisers have misrepresented the truth in several instances of dogmatic moment through a fancied accuracy, but mere literality, condemned by their own practice elsewhere. "in" for (en), when the KJV had idiomatically and correctly "by" or "with." To talk of the conditional element as environing, or the like, is mere jargon to excuse a translation which conveys no sound meaning. Here the apostle lets the dispersed believers of the circumcision know that, instead of being externally separated in the flesh by rites as the chosen people of Jehovah, they were elect according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, by sanctification of the Spirit, unto obedience and sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ. The contrast is with {vi 2185-2186}{/vi}, when Israel stood to obey the law under the blood which threatened death as the penalty, instead of cleansing from every sin those whose one desire was to obey as Christ obeyed. Compare {vi 28479}{/vi}, where "sanctified" is before "justified," as here sanctification is before obedience and sprinkling of the blood of Jesus. It is the absolute setting apart of the soul to God from the first. Practical holiness is relative, and is pressed lower down in this very chapter, vss. 15, 16.
b
Now sanctification in the ordinary sense cannot be said to be for or "unto obedience," seeing that it very largely consists of obedience, and cannot exist without it; but sanctification of the Spirit as here spoken of is "for" (eis) obedience, and such as Christ’s in contrast with a mere Israelite’s. The rendering "unto (en) sanctification of the Spirit through (eis), obedience and sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ!" is to sacrifice, not grammar merely, but God’s word to a defective system of theology. It only acknowledges the sanctification that is consequent on justification, and ignores the primary setting of the person apart to God by the Spirit, which is true of every saint from his conversion, when he may not yet rest by faith in Christ’s blood. Sanctification here does not mean inherent, gradual or practical holiness, but that work of the Spirit which from first to last separates from nature and the world to God (compare {vi 29675}{/vi}).
c
Some would limit "of Jesus Christ" at the close to the blood-sprinkling; but this is unfounded and obscures the great truth that the Christian is set apart to Christ’s obedience as truly as to the application of His blood. The anarthrous form quite falls in with this: had the article been there, it would have pointed to Him personally; as it is, we have Him giving character to obedience and blood-sprinkling, in contrast with law-obedience and blood of victims which confirmed the old covenant as a penal sanction. The idea is neither obedience of faith, nor obeying what our Lord enjoined; but as He obeyed in the dependence and living confidence of sonship, so we now practically as under grace and possession of eternal life in Him.